The Neural Basis of Economic Decision-making in the Ultimatum Game Jonathan D. Cohen lab, Princeton...

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The Neural Basis of Economic

Decision-making in the

Ultimatum Game

Jonathan D. Cohen lab, Princeton University

Deborah BirdNovember 14, 2008

Questions: What are the neural correlates of fairness?

What are the relative contributions of cognitive and emotional processes to economic decision-making?

Hypothesis: Decisions to either accept or reject unfair offers

will engage neural structures involved in both emotional and cognitive processing

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Possible offers:

5:57:38:29:1

Proposer Responder

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Possible offers:

5:5…x57:3…x28:2…x19:1…x2

Proposer Responder

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Right Anterior Insula

Left Anterior Insula

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9:1

8:2

5:5

Negative emotional states linked to anterior insula activation in neuroimaging studies:

Pain and distress: M J Iadarola, 1998

Hunger and thirst: D. Denton, 1999

Autonomic arousal: H D Critchley, 2000

Evaluation of negative emotional states,

ie. anger and disgust

M. J. Iadarola et al. 1998

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Pain: Insula after injection of capsaicin

Anterior Insula activation in neuroimaging studies:

Pain and distress: M J Iadarola, 1998

Hunger and thirst: D. Denton, 1999

Autonomic arousal: H D Critchley, 2000

Evaluation of negative emotional states,

ie. anger and disgust

Disgust

Disgust

Dis gust

Disgust

Dis gust

Distaste

Anterior Insula and Taste/Distaste:

P Rozin, 1993

DM Small, 2000

Penfield and Faulk, 2000

Anterior Insula and Disgust Recognition

AJ Calder, 2001

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Disgust!

Andrew J. Calder; Nature Reviews Neuroscience; 2001

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Disgust recognition. Activation of insula (in purple) during recognition of facial expressions showing disgust.

Andrew J. Calder; 2001

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Conclusion:

Emotional states are an important factor informing human decision-making.

Competition and interplay between the anterior insula and the DLPFC represent the twin demands of the Ultimatum Game:

The emotional resistance to unfairnessThe cognitive task of accumulating money

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