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THE FEALAC SYMPOSIUM ON PAN-OCEANIC COOPERATION FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
BANGKOK & - PHUKET, THAILAND, NOVEMBER 9-12, 2009
MINIMIZING THE IMPACT ON DISASTERS : INDONESIA’S EXPERIENCE
Presentation by Amnal RachmanDeputy Director for Regional Cooperation Asia-AmericaMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Repbulic of Indonesia
INDONESIA GEOGRAPHIC CONDITION
• INDONESIA HAS AROUND 18.000 ISLANDS AND LOCATED BETWEEN PACIFIC, EURASIAN AND INDO-AUSTRALIAN TECTONIC PLATES. IT ALSO SITUATED IN THE “RING OF FIRE”AT AND HAS AT LEAST 150 ACTIVE VOLCANOES (10 % OF THE WORLD TOTAL).
• IT HAS SUNNY AND RAINY SEASONS. AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL 125 – 240 INCH AND DURING THE WET SEASONS SOME PART OF THE INDONESIA FACES FLOOD AND IN DRY CONFRONTS DROUGHT.
• SUCH GEOGRAPHIC CONDITION, THE COUNTRY FACES NATURAL DISASTER SUCH AS EARTHQUAKES, TSUNAMIS, VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS, LANDSLIDES, FLOODS, DROUGHT, HURRICANES, TIDES, FOREST FIRES, EPIDEMIC DISEASES AND MAN-MADE DISASTER LIKE SIDOARJO MUDFLOW. THESE CAUSE ENVIRONMENTAL CATASTROPHES, LOSS OF ASSETS, LIVES, THAT BRING THE PSYCOLOGICAL IMPACTS HAMPERING NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.
• THE SEISMIC ACTIVITIES AMONG OTHERS ARE THE 2004 EARTHQUAKE IN NORTHERN SUMATRA THAT KILLED ALMOST 200.000, THE YOGYAKARTA KILLED 15.000 IN 2006, WEST JAVA TSUNAMI IN 2009 AND WEST SUMATRA HQUAKE IN 30 SEPTEMBER 2009 KILLED AROUND 1.763. . IN OCTOBER 2009 ALONE, THERE WERE 54 EARTHQUAKES IN INDONESIA. NOW THE KARANG ETAN OF NORTH SULAWESI IS ERUPTING.
INDONESIA’S VOLCANIC SPREAD
EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMI
EARTHQUAKE IN MANOKWARI, PAPUA, JANUARY 2009
EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI IN ACEH AND NORTH SUMATRA, DESEMBER 2004
LANDSLIDESNORTH SUMATRA, NOVEMBER 2003
FLOOD IN JAKARTA JANUARI 2008
FLOOD AND LANDSLIDE IN PATI 3 FEBRUARY 2008 AND BONDOWOSO, EAST JAVA 8 FEBRURY 2008
FOREST FIRE IN SUMATRA AND KALIMANTANEVERY DRY SEASON (JULY-SEPTEMBER)
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS OF GUNUNG KELUD OCT.2007
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS OF GUNUNG GAMGONORO, JULY 2007
MAN-MADE/TECHNOLOGICAL DISASTER SIDOARJO MUDFLOW
DEAD AND MISSING IN NATURAL DISASTER 2007
VICTIMS AND REFUGEES OF DISASTER 2007
CASUALTIES AND REFUGEES 2007
NATURAL DISASTER DATA 2008
DEAD AND MISSING 2008
VICTIMS AND REFUGEES 2008
PROPERTY DAMAGE 2008
LAWS ON DISASTER MITIGATION
• THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA PROTECTING ALL PEOPLE AND THEIR ENTIRE LAND AS MANDATED BY NATIONAL 1945 CONSTITUTION AND STATE PHILOSOPHY OF PANCASILA.
• LAW NO.24 OF 2007 ON THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
• REGULATIONS NOS.21 AND 22 OF 2008 ON DISASTER MITIGATION AND ITS BUDGET
• GOVERNMENT REGULATION NO. 23 OF 2008 ON THE INTERNATIONAL AND NGOS’ PARTICIPATION ON DISASTER RELIEVES AND MITIGATION
GOVERNMENT’S EFFORT TO PROTECT ITS PEOPLE FROM DISASTER
. DISASTER PREVENTION, EMERGENCY RESPONSE, REHABILITATION AND RECONSTRUCTION.
. INSTALLING EARLY WARNING SYSTEM, BUILDING PEOPLE AWARENESS AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE POSSIBLE DISASTER AREA.
.
INSTITUTIONS RESPONSIBILITY FOR DISASTER
• NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY (BNPB)
• MINISTRY OF SOCIAL
• INDONESIAN RED CROSS
• NATIONAL NGOS
• LOCAL GOVERNMENT
• INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
EMERGENCY , REHABILITATION AND RECONSTRUCTION
• EMERGENCY RESPONSE BY UNDERTAKING SERIES OF ACTIVITIES, NAMELY RESCUE AND EVACUATION OF VICTIMS, ASSETS, DELIVERY BASIC NEEDS, MEDICAL ASSISTANCE AND IDP MANAGEMENT
• REHABILITATION STAGE IS REPAIRING AND RECOVERYING ALL PUBLIC SERVICES TO BRING NORMAL LIFE.
• RECONSTRUCTION STAGE IS AMONG OTHERS REBUILDING ALL INFRASTRUCTURES AND FACITILITIES, INSTITUTIONS TO INITIATE AND GROW ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, UPHOLD LAW AND ORDER AND TO PROMOTE PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ALL ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY LIFE AFTER DISASTER.
EMERGENCY EXERCISES
LEAFLET AND PUBLICATION
EARLY WARNING
• OBSERVING DISASTER INDICATION• ANALYZING OBSERVATION RESULTS• DECISION MAKING • DESSIMINATION INFORMATION• ACTIONS TAKEN BY PUBLIC
TSUNAMI DISASTER MITIGATION• ALERT ON TSUNAMI• EDUCATING THE PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY WHO LIVE NEAR
BEACHES ON THE DANGER OF TSUNAMI• INSTALLING TSUNAMI EARLY WARNING SYSTEM• BUILDING THE BRICK ON THE RISK COASTLINES• PLANTING MANGROVE OR OTHER TREES TO SLOW DOWN
THE WAVES OF TSUNAMI • CONSTRUCTING THE HIGH PLACES AS EVACUATION SITES• EDUCATING PEOPLE ON THE SIGN OF TSUNAMI AND HOW TO
MOVE OUT OF THE SITUATION• EQUIPING WITH MEANS OF TELECOMMUNICATION
CONCLUSION
• BASED ON OUR EXPERIENCES, TO MITIGATE THE DISASTER IT SHOULD BE PARTICIPATED BY ALL COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY
• INDONESIA WELCOMES INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION TO REDUCE THE RISK OF DISASTERS
THANK YOU
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