Syntia Santos, M.Ed. Ph.D. Student Counseling and Counselor Education sdsantos@ncsu.edu

Syntia Santos, M.Ed.Ph.D. Student

Counseling and Counselor Education

sdsantos@ncsu.edu

Individual Level:

“All individuals are, in some respects, like no other individuals.”

Group Level:

“All individuals are, in some respects, like some other individuals.”

Universal Level:“All individuals are, in some respects, like all other individual.”

(Sue & Sue,2003)

Adjustment and adaptation

Honeymoon

Crisis / cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety

Reentry shock

The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourningBased on Oberg (1960)

- Preparation - Curiosity- Anxiety - Expectations- Doubts - Farewells

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety Reentry

shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Preparation (visa, paper work, flights, housing, finances, registration).

2. Information (procedures, steps, regulations, checklists).

3. Clear goals.

4. Communication.

5. Self evaluation.

6. Open-minded attitude.

- Getting settled- Fascination

- Curiosity - Anxiety

- Confusion- Change

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety

Reentry shock

The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourningBased on Oberg (1960)

1. Language

2. Locations

3. Organization, regulations, procedures

4. Social interactions

5. Decision Making

- Homesick- Academic challenges - Confusion - Loneliness - Anxiety - Negativity

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety Reentry

shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Social support

2. Understanding

3. Guidance

4. Contact with family and friends

5. Listening and learning

6. Getting to know more about the University, places, people, culture

7. Getting involve

8. Goals setting

- Learning and better understanding of self and new

culture

- Stability – familiarity

- Satisfaction and personal growth

- More stability

- Better understanding

- More energy and focus

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety Reentry

shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Decision making2. Changes3. Paper work4. Anxiety 5. Readjustment6. Re-entry 7. Expectations

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety Reentry

shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)

1. Information

2. Evaluation

3. Goal setting

4. Readjustments

5. Decision making

6. Change and readiness

Adjustment and adaptation Honeymoon

Crisis /cultural shock

Adjustment / recovery

Preparation / anxiety Reentry

shock The W-Curve of Intercultural sojourning

Based on Oberg (1960)

Cultural Shock Language Academics Family and friends Decision making Organization – living

arrangements Social interactions Future planning Adjustment

Approachability Visibility Contact Information Resources Guidance Encouragement Support Feedback Time

Self Awareness (own biases, attitudes and believes).

Knowledge (exposure to cultures, open mind, information).

Skills (active listening, respect, acceptance). (Sue & Sue,2003)

Google images. Retrieved on April 13th 2011. http://www.google.com/imghp.

McGoldrick, M. (1998). Re-Visioning family therapy: Race, culture and gender in clinical practice. New York: The Guilford Press.

Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2003). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (4th ed). New York: John Wiley & sons.

Torres Rivera, E. (2005). Multicultural Counseling Class, Lecture Notes.