View
217
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Suzanne D'Anna 1
Anatomical Position
Suzanne D'Anna 2
Anatomical Position
body erect feet together arms hanging at
sides palms facing
forward
Suzanne D'Anna 3
Directional Terms
superior inferior anterior posterior medial lateral intermediate proximal
ipsilateral contralateral distal superficial deep parietal visceral
Suzanne D'Anna 4
Superior
towards the head upper part of structure above Examples:
- forehead is superior to the nose
- lips are superior to the chin
- heart is superior to the liver
Suzanne D'Anna 5
Inferior
away from head end toward lower region of structure or body Examples:
- navel is inferior to the breastbone
- knee is inferior to the hip
- stomach is inferior to the lungs
Suzanne D'Anna 6
Anterior
towards the front in front of Examples:
- breast bone is anterior to the spine
- front teeth are anterior to the back teeth
- sternum is anterior to the heart
Suzanne D'Anna 7
Posterior
toward or at the back behind Examples
- heart is posterior to the sternum
- molars are posterior to the front or anterior teeth
- esophagus is posterior to the trachea
Suzanne D'Anna 8
Medial
towards the midline inner side of Examples:
- head is medial to the arm
- ulna is on the medial side of the forearm
Suzanne D'Anna 9
Lateral
away from the midline towards the side Examples:
- eye is lateral to the bridge of the nose
- lungs are lateral to the heart
Suzanne D'Anna 10
Intermediate
between a more medial and more lateral structure
Examples:
- collar bone is intermediate between the breast bone and the shoulder
- ring finger is intermediate between the little and middle fingers
Suzanne D'Anna 11
Proximal
close to origin or point of attachment sides next to each other Examples:
- elbow is proximal to the wrist (closer to the shoulder than that the wrist)
- humerus is proximal to the radius
Suzanne D'Anna 12
Ipsilateral
on same side of the body Examples:
- ring finger is ipsilsteral to the little or middle fingers
Suzanne D'Anna 13
Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body Examples:
- ascending and descending colons of the large intestine are contralateral
Suzanne D'Anna 14
Distal
farthest from origin Examples:
- knee is distal to thigh
- wrist is distal to shoulder
- phalanges are distal to the carpals (wrist bones)
Suzanne D'Anna 15
Superficial
towards the surface Examples:
- skin is superficial to the skeleton
- muscles of the thoracic wall are superficial to the lungs
Suzanne D'Anna 16
Deep
more internal Examples:
- heart is deep in relation to the skin
- nasal sinuses are deep in relation to the nose
Suzanne D'Anna 17
Parietal
pertaining to or forming the outer wall of a body cavity
Example:
- parietal pleura forms the outer layer of the pleural sacs that surround the lungs
Suzanne D'Anna 18
Visceral
pertaining to the covering of an organ within the ventral body cavity
Example:
- visceral pleura forms the inner layer of the pleural sacs and covers the external surface of the lungs
Suzanne D'Anna 19
Body Planes
imaginary lines used to divide body into sections
- sagittal
- mid-sagittal
- frontal
- transverse
- oblique
Suzanne D'Anna 20
Sagittal
vertical plane lengthwise longitudinal divides the body
into right and left portions
Suzanne D'Anna 21
Mid-sagittal
midline divides the body
into equal right and left portions
Suzanne D'Anna 22
Frontal(coronal)
right angles to sagittal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Suzanne D'Anna 23
Transverse(horizontal)
divides the body into superior and inferior regions
Suzanne D'Anna 24
Oblique
an oblique plane passes at an angle between transverse and frontal planes or between transverse and sagittal planes
Recommended