Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYShah Reza Pahlavi (r. 1941 –(r. 1941...

Susan M. PojerSusan M. PojerSusan M. PojerSusan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Susan M. PojerSusan M. PojerSusan M. PojerSusan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

The Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of IranThe Geography of Iran

Iranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil ResourcesIranian Oil Resources

Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Prime Minister of IranPrime Minister of IranPrime Minister of IranPrime Minister of Iran

Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Prime Minister of IranPrime Minister of IranPrime Minister of IranPrime Minister of Iran

� Became Prime MinisterBecame Prime MinisterBecame Prime MinisterBecame Prime Ministerin 1951.in 1951.in 1951.in 1951.

� Nationalized theNationalized theNationalized theNationalized theforeign oil companies.foreign oil companies.foreign oil companies.foreign oil companies.

� Got rid of corruptGot rid of corruptGot rid of corruptGot rid of corruptmilitary officials.military officials.military officials.military officials.

� Was toppled in a coupWas toppled in a coupWas toppled in a coupWas toppled in a coupaided by the Americaaided by the Americaaided by the Americaaided by the AmericaCIA in 1953.CIA in 1953.CIA in 1953.CIA in 1953.

� The Shah of Iran The Shah of Iran The Shah of Iran The Shah of Iran returns to power.returns to power.returns to power.returns to power.

Q4

Shah Reza PahlaviShah Reza PahlaviShah Reza PahlaviShah Reza Pahlavi(r. 1941 (r. 1941 (r. 1941 (r. 1941 –––– 1977)1977)1977)1977)

Shah Reza PahlaviShah Reza PahlaviShah Reza PahlaviShah Reza Pahlavi(r. 1941 (r. 1941 (r. 1941 (r. 1941 –––– 1977)1977)1977)1977)

� Institutes WesternInstitutes WesternInstitutes WesternInstitutes Westernreforms & ties withreforms & ties withreforms & ties withreforms & ties withthe West .the West .the West .the West .

�

But, the majority ofBut, the majority ofBut, the majority ofBut, the majority ofhis people live inhis people live inhis people live inhis people live inpoverty.poverty.poverty.poverty.

�

Brutal suppression ofBrutal suppression ofBrutal suppression ofBrutal suppression ofdissidents dissidents dissidents dissidents ���� SAVAKSAVAKSAVAKSAVAK

Q5

The Shah The Shah The Shah The Shah & His & His & His & His

WWWWiiii

fe, Farahfe, Farahfe, Farahfe, Farah

The Shah The Shah The Shah The Shah & His & His & His & His

WWWWiiii

fe, Farahfe, Farahfe, Farahfe, Farah

Iranian elite/upperIranian elite/upperIranian elite/upperIranian elite/upper---- and and and and intellectual classes: veryintellectual classes: veryintellectual classes: veryintellectual classes: verypropropropro----Western.Western.Western.Western.

“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program

(1963)(1963)(1963)(1963)

“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”“The White Revolution”The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program The Shah’s Reform Program

(1963)(1963)(1963)(1963)1.1.1.1. Land reform Land reform Land reform Land reform –––– 90% of Iran’s peasants became land 90% of Iran’s peasants became land 90% of Iran’s peasants became land 90% of Iran’s peasants became land

owowowownnnners.ers.ers.ers.

2.2.2.2. Massive governmentMassive governmentMassive governmentMassive government----financed heavy industry projects.financed heavy industry projects.financed heavy industry projects.financed heavy industry projects.

3.3.3.3. Granted women more political power Granted women more political power Granted women more political power Granted women more political power –––– the right to the right to the right to the right to vote.vote.vote.vote.

4.4.4.4. Poured government Poured government Poured government Poured government momomomonnnney into education ey into education ey into education ey into education –––– especially in rural areas where especially in rural areas where especially in rural areas where especially in rural areas where illiteracy was very high.illiteracy was very high.illiteracy was very high.illiteracy was very high.

The Shah at George The Shah at George The Shah at George The Shah at George Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, 1950s1950s1950s1950s

The Shah at George The Shah at George The Shah at George The Shah at George Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, Washington’s Home, 1950s1950s1950s1950s

The Shah with Several The Shah with Several The Shah with Several The Shah with Several American PresidentsAmerican PresidentsAmerican PresidentsAmerican Presidents

The Shah with Several The Shah with Several The Shah with Several The Shah with Several American PresidentsAmerican PresidentsAmerican PresidentsAmerican Presidents

The Shah with President The Shah with President The Shah with President The Shah with President Jimmy CarterJimmy CarterJimmy CarterJimmy Carter

The Shah with President The Shah with President The Shah with President The Shah with President Jimmy CarterJimmy CarterJimmy CarterJimmy Carter

Reasons for the Reasons for the Reasons for the Reasons for the Fall of the ShahFall of the ShahFall of the ShahFall of the ShahReasons for the Reasons for the Reasons for the Reasons for the Fall of the ShahFall of the ShahFall of the ShahFall of the Shah

� The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the lin e lin e lin e lin e American military hardware.American military hardware.American military hardware.American military hardware.

� Little Little Little Little monmonmonmoney to reinvest back into the Iranian economy.ey to reinvest back into the Iranian economy.ey to reinvest back into the Iranian economy.ey to reinvest back into the Iranian economy.

� Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too much Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too much Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too much Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too much “Westernization.”“Westernization.”“Westernization.”“Westernization.”

� Government corruption.Government corruption.Government corruption.Government corruption.

� The Shah’s constitutional violations of the basic human The Shah’s constitutional violations of the basic human The Shah’s constitutional violations of the basic human The Shah’s constitutional violations of the basic human

AntiAntiAntiAnti----Shah Shah Shah Shah ProtestsProtestsProtestsProtestsAntiAntiAntiAnti----Shah Shah Shah Shah ProtestsProtestsProtestsProtests

The Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefOppoOppoOppoOppo

nnnnents?ents?ents?ents?

The Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefThe Shah’s ChiefOppoOppoOppoOppo

nnnnents?ents?ents?ents?

1.1.1.1. Oil field workers.Oil field workers.Oil field workers.Oil field workers.

2.2.2.2. Students and other intellectuals.Students and other intellectuals.Students and other intellectuals.Students and other intellectuals.

3.3.3.3. Middle class Middle class Middle class Middle class busibusibusibusinnnnessmen.essmen.essmen.essmen.

4.4.4.4. Iranian nationalists.Iranian nationalists.Iranian nationalists.Iranian nationalists.Q6

AntiAntiAntiAnti----American PinAmerican PinAmerican PinAmerican Pin(1960s)(1960s)(1960s)(1960s)

AntiAntiAntiAnti----American PinAmerican PinAmerican PinAmerican Pin(1960s)(1960s)(1960s)(1960s)

Iranian Students Iranian Students Iranian Students Iranian Students Protest in Protest in Protest in Protest in

Beverley HillsBeverley HillsBeverley HillsBeverley Hills

Iranian Students Iranian Students Iranian Students Iranian Students Protest in Protest in Protest in Protest in

Beverley HillsBeverley HillsBeverley HillsBeverley Hills

Anarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & RevolutionAnarchy & Revolution

The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.

Ayatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniLeads the RevolutionLeads the RevolutionLeads the RevolutionLeads the RevolutionAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah Khomeini

Leads the RevolutionLeads the RevolutionLeads the RevolutionLeads the Revolution

Khomeini returns to Iran Khomeini returns to Iran Khomeini returns to Iran Khomeini returns to Iran on February 11, 1979.on February 11, 1979.on February 11, 1979.on February 11, 1979.

Q7

Ayatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah Khomeini(r. 1979(r. 1979(r. 1979(r. 1979----1989)1989)1989)1989)

Ayatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah KhomeiniAyatollah Khomeini(r. 1979(r. 1979(r. 1979(r. 1979----1989)1989)1989)1989)

� 1902 1902 1902 1902 –––– 1989.1989.1989.1989.

�

Became an Islamic scholarBecame an Islamic scholarBecame an Islamic scholarBecame an Islamic scholar

(studied in Qom).(studied in Qom).(studied in Qom).(studied in Qom).

�

Began to speak out against Began to speak out against Began to speak out against Began to speak out against the Shah in the 1960s.the Shah in the 1960s.the Shah in the 1960s.the Shah in the 1960s.

� Arrested and Arrested and Arrested and Arrested and imprisoimprisoimprisoimprisonnnned ed ed ed

Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics & Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers

Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics Triumphant Muslim Clerics & Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers& Iranian Soldiers

Q8

A A A A theocracytheocracytheocracytheocracy is created!is created!is created!is created!

SAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects TakenSAVAK Suspects Taken

The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s GeGeGeGennnn

eralseralseralserals

The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s The Fate of the Shah’s GeGeGeGennnn

eralseralseralserals

Iran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary PosterIran Revolutionary Poster

When the devil leaves, the angel When the devil leaves, the angel When the devil leaves, the angel When the devil leaves, the angel returns!returns!returns!returns!

American Embassy inAmerican Embassy inAmerican Embassy inAmerican Embassy inTehran Taken OverTehran Taken OverTehran Taken OverTehran Taken OverAmerican Embassy inAmerican Embassy inAmerican Embassy inAmerican Embassy inTehran Taken OverTehran Taken OverTehran Taken OverTehran Taken Over

Q9

52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage for 444 Days!for 444 Days!for 444 Days!for 444 Days!

52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage 52 Americans Held Hostage for 444 Days!for 444 Days!for 444 Days!for 444 Days!

President Carter President Carter President Carter President Carter Becomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, Too

President Carter President Carter President Carter President Carter Becomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, TooBecomes a Hostage, Too

Hostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue DisasterHostage Rescue Disaster

52 American Hostages52 American Hostages52 American Hostages52 American HostagesReleased in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 198152 American Hostages52 American Hostages52 American Hostages52 American HostagesReleased in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 1981Released in Jan., 1981

The Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini RevolutionThe Khomeini Revolution

Women in IranWomen in IranWomen in IranWomen in IranWomen in IranWomen in IranWomen in IranWomen in Iran

A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and

moral values.moral values.moral values.moral values.

A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab A woman’s hijab represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and represents her Islamic and

moral values.moral values.moral values.moral values.

Political Cartoon Political Cartoon Political Cartoon Political Cartoon CommentaryCommentaryCommentaryCommentary

Political Cartoon Political Cartoon Political Cartoon Political Cartoon CommentaryCommentaryCommentaryCommentary

The dictatorship is The dictatorship is The dictatorship is The dictatorship is gogogogonnnn

The dictatorship is The dictatorship is The dictatorship is The dictatorship is gogogogonnnn

Support for the Support for the Support for the Support for the Palestinian CausePalestinian CausePalestinian CausePalestinian CauseSupport for the Support for the Support for the Support for the

Palestinian CausePalestinian CausePalestinian CausePalestinian Cause

The Ayatollah with The Ayatollah with The Ayatollah with The Ayatollah with Yasir Arafat.Yasir Arafat.Yasir Arafat.Yasir Arafat.

Funds Hamas and Funds Hamas and Funds Hamas and Funds Hamas and Hezbollah.Hezbollah.Hezbollah.Hezbollah.

The IranThe IranThe IranThe Iran----Iraq WarIraq WarIraq WarIraq War(1980(1980(1980(1980----1988)1988)1988)1988)

The IranThe IranThe IranThe Iran----Iraq WarIraq WarIraq WarIraq War(1980(1980(1980(1980----1988)1988)1988)1988)

Q10

The IranThe IranThe IranThe Iran----Iraq War:Iraq War:Iraq War:Iraq War:Taking SidesTaking SidesTaking SidesTaking Sides

The IranThe IranThe IranThe Iran----Iraq War:Iraq War:Iraq War:Iraq War:Taking SidesTaking SidesTaking SidesTaking Sides

Secretary RumsfeldSecretary RumsfeldSecretary RumsfeldSecretary Rumsfeld& Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: 1983198319831983

Secretary RumsfeldSecretary RumsfeldSecretary RumsfeldSecretary Rumsfeld& Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: & Saddam Hussein: 1983198319831983

Iraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers At the FrontAt the FrontAt the FrontAt the FrontIraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers Iraqi Soldiers At the FrontAt the FrontAt the FrontAt the Front

� 375,000 Iraqi casualties & 60,000 POWs!375,000 Iraqi casualties & 60,000 POWs!375,000 Iraqi casualties & 60,000 POWs!375,000 Iraqi casualties & 60,000 POWs!

Iranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian SoldiersIranian Soldiers

Q11

� Over 1,000,000Over 1,000,000Over 1,000,000Over 1,000,000Iranian casualties!Iranian casualties!Iranian casualties!Iranian casualties!

Khomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s Death(Ju(Ju(Ju(Junnnn

e, 1989)e, 1989)e, 1989)e, 1989)

Khomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s DeathKhomeini’s Death(Ju(Ju(Ju(Junnnn

e, 1989)e, 1989)e, 1989)e, 1989)

Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali

KhameKhameKhameKhamennnneieieiei

Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali Ayatollah Ali

KhameKhameKhameKhamennnneieieiei

The Ayatollah represents the The Ayatollah represents the The Ayatollah represents the The Ayatollah represents the fundamentalist Mullahs.fundamentalist Mullahs.fundamentalist Mullahs.fundamentalist Mullahs.

Ayatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah KhatamiAyatollah Khatami

The Ayatollah is considered a political The Ayatollah is considered a political The Ayatollah is considered a political The Ayatollah is considered a political moderate.moderate.moderate.moderate.

Q12

Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites in Iraq Todayin Iraq Todayin Iraq Todayin Iraq Today

Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites Support for the Shi’ites in Iraq Todayin Iraq Todayin Iraq Todayin Iraq Today

Moqtada alMoqtada alMoqtada alMoqtada al----Sadr, radical Shi’ite Sadr, radical Shi’ite Sadr, radical Shi’ite Sadr, radical Shi’ite leader in Fallujah, Iraqleader in Fallujah, Iraqleader in Fallujah, Iraqleader in Fallujah, Iraq

Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Power?Power?Power?Power?

Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Another Nuclear Power?Power?Power?Power?

US satellite photo of Iranian US satellite photo of Iranian US satellite photo of Iranian US satellite photo of Iranian nuclear facility nuclear facility nuclear facility nuclear facility

nnnnear Arak.ear Arak.ear Arak.ear Arak.

An American view of An American view of An American view of An American view of Iranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear powerAn American view of An American view of An American view of An American view of Iranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear powerIranian nuclear power

PINOCCHIAYATOLLAHPINOCCHIAYATOLLAHPINOCCHIAYATOLLAHPINOCCHIAYATOLLAHScott Stantis Scott Stantis Scott Stantis Scott Stantis

((((Birmingham NewsBirmingham NewsBirmingham NewsBirmingham News) 1/28/05) 1/28/05) 1/28/05) 1/28/05

A view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear power from power from power from power from AlAlAlAl----JazeerahJazeerahJazeerahJazeerahA view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear A view of Iran’s nuclear power from power from power from power from AlAlAlAl----JazeerahJazeerahJazeerahJazeerah

Nobody else (particularly Iran Nobody else (particularly Iran Nobody else (particularly Iran Nobody else (particularly Iran and Arab countries) should have nuclear weapons except and Arab countries) should have nuclear weapons except and Arab countries) should have nuclear weapons except and Arab countries) should have nuclear weapons except

Israel, says Israel, says Israel, says Israel, says Bush.Bush.Bush.Bush.

Another Future Another Future Another Future Another Future Revolution?Revolution?Revolution?Revolution?

Another Future Another Future Another Future Another Future Revolution?Revolution?Revolution?Revolution?

A “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theWaiting?Waiting?Waiting?Waiting?

A “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theA “Shah” in theWaiting?Waiting?Waiting?Waiting?

Reza Pahlavi (III?), Reza Pahlavi (III?), Reza Pahlavi (III?), Reza Pahlavi (III?), 43 year43 year43 year43 year----old son of the deposed Shah.old son of the deposed Shah.old son of the deposed Shah.old son of the deposed Shah.

BibliographyBibliographyBibliographyBibliographyBibliographyBibliographyBibliographyBibliography

� “23 Year Pictorial History of Iran.”“23 Year Pictorial History of Iran.”“23 Year Pictorial History of Iran.”“23 Year Pictorial History of Iran.”

http://home.att.http://home.att.http://home.att.http://home.att.nnnnet/~iranshahr/et/~iranshahr/et/~iranshahr/et/~iranshahr/

� “Iranian.com.”“Iranian.com.”“Iranian.com.”“Iranian.com.”www.iranian.com/Revolution/war.htmlwww.iranian.com/Revolution/war.htmlwww.iranian.com/Revolution/war.htmlwww.iranian.com/Revolution/war.html....

� “Iran Hostage Anniversary.” “Iran Hostage Anniversary.” “Iran Hostage Anniversary.” “Iran Hostage Anniversary.” CBS NewsCBS NewsCBS NewsCBS News....

www.cbswww.cbswww.cbswww.cbs