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Support for Tropical Atmospheric Research
Paramaribo Station location, seasons, climatology Radchis project Sep ’98 – Sep ‘02
- Brewer UV + O3, sonde (1999 - now)
expansion observations: 2002 2004: STAR
Paul Fortuin
Paramaribo station
(5.8°N 55.2°W)
Collaboration KNMI - MDS
Observation program- Brewer: since Apr 1999 continuous: tot. O3, UV dawn/dusk: Umkehr- sonde: since Sep 1999 weekly O3, T, H2O, wind
ITCZ migration range
Wet and dry seasons
Paramaribo Climatology: Rain
Average amount of rain per month of the ten wettest years and the ten
driest years in the period 1901-1970 for Paramaribo. The straight line is the average over the whole period.
(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)
- - -
-
--
--
- -
-- 2003 (data MDS)
Paramaribo Climatology: # of rainy days
Average number of days with rain for each month (normalized to months of 30 days) measured in Paramaribo in the period 1901-1970
(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)
Paramaribo Climatology: T and RH
Monthly averaged diurnal variation of temperature and RH (1961-1970)
Temperature (degr. C)Relative Humidity
RH (%)
Local time
(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)
March
September
Paramaribo Climatology: Sunshine (%) hour
mon
th
(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)
Average percentage of sunshine per hour (horizontal axis) and per month (vertical axis) for Paramaribo over the period 1962-1970.
Paramaribo Climatology: Summary
Brewer UV spectrum
(290 – 363 nm)
Brewer 159
Brewer Umkehr
m j j a s o n d j f m a m j j a s o n d j f m a m j j a s o n 1999 2000 2001
sunrisesza 90o -> 60o
sunsetsza 60o -> 90o
BrewerUmkehrs…
1999 2000 2001
1999 2000 2001
Umkehr vs. sonde..
1999 2000 2001
1999 2000 2001
Balloon sondes
Vaisala Digicora II MW 15 O3: Science Pump 6A
ECC, 1% buffered KI Wind: GPS H2O, T: RS80 Thermocap,
A-Humicap (also RS90 F-thermocap, Heated Humicap)
Correctionfactor
= (O3 sonde + O3 Umk/Clim)
col.O3 Brewer
Brewer vs. sonde O3
Brewer O3 vs. tropopause..
and ITCZ
Sonde..
Merid. Wind (m/s)
% Rel. humidity
boundary layer
Merid. Wind (m/s)
T = Tt - Tav (K)
(deep)convection
% Rel. humidity
equiv (K)
wind
Zonal U (m/s)
Meridional V (m/s)
First interpretation…
12 km
tropopause
Parbo0o
Second interpretation…
12 km
tropopause
Parbo
weekly sondes period: Sep ’99 – Sep ’02U(m/s-1)
O3(ppbv)
T(oC)
% RH
V(m/s-1)
Paramaribo stationexpansion
March 2002, Un.Heidelberg
Udo Friess MAX-DOAS
October 2002, KNMI
Gé Verver Sunphotometer Solar radiation station Total-sky imager (surface O3 monitor)
Kyoto University (RASC)
Masatomo Fujiwara SnowWhite receiver station
WP2: Site Organisation
Objectives: design/implement site management structure coordinate observation program with:
- other projects - international data networks - satellite validation campaigns - local operator staff
Deliverables: Site coordination plan (D2.1 month 6, M2.1 month 5) Long-term work plan (D2.2 month 12, M2.1 month 11) Annual work plan (D2.3 month 12, M2.3 month 11)
D2.1 Site coordination planSeptember
Describe: management structure
- current observation program: contract KNMI - SAHO (MDS)- new partners/instruments: site coordination plan
responsibilities and decision-making procedures tasks of operators
- operational- maintenance of instruments and facilities
criteria reporting/signaling problems with instruments observatory website:
- criteria to put data on website- conditions for use of data (data protocol)
template for extension plan
D2.1 Site coordination plan..
Template for extension plan goals of extension/collaboration period “ “ environment specification
space, peripherals, power needed operator assistance needed
operational/maintenance -> hrs/day -> cost training needed synergy needed
other instruments / observation schedule data specification
output generated, data protocol education, lecture(s) AdeK
D2.2 Long-term work planMarch ‘05
List future (potential) activities,e.g: future research projects Involvement of new partners participation in campaigns
research proposals future maintenance of infrastructure
improvements extensions
plan for long-term funding for observatory improvements for dissemination of data use of site for (local) educational purposes
D2.3-5 (yearly) Work planDecember ‘04, ‘05
For the coming year: measurement program
(coordinated with all instrument PI’s & operators) budget state of infrastructure
communication computer facilities
training operator staff planned visits
instrument calibrations instrument changes
WP3: Upgrading Infrastructure
additional operator room D3.1 month 5 (Aug ‘04) container park D3.2 month 5 ( “ ) additional electrical power D3.3 month 5 ( “ ) computer network
- analysis of requirements for network communication- approved plan D3.4 month 12 (Mar ‘05) - implemented D3.5 month 18 (Sep ‘05)
observatory website- approved design D3.6 month 12 (Mar ‘05)- implemented D3.7 month 18 (Sep ‘05)
D3.6 observatory websiteMarch ‘05
contents: observatory information Public
- general: location, history, organization structure, funding- specific: objectives, program/instrument details, links contact info, instrument PI’s, publication list
observational data Public + restricted- common database (distributed) via internet- additional: e.g meteorological, trajectories, campaigns (external sources)- description: data -format, -quality checking, -protocol
bookkeeping and logging information Restricted- monitor instrument performance- logbook operators
WP5: Education and training
University curriculum D5.1 month 18 (Sep ‘05)- introduction to atmospheric chemistry/physics- weather, global change
Exchange program D5.2 month 6 (Sep ‘04)- students + staff AdeK (involve in programs of partners)
Tools for education & research D5.3 month 20 (Nov ‘04) - models (ctm, traj., dynam, climate)- access to STAR database
Operator training program D5.4 month 12 (Apr ‘05) Workshop + report D5.5 month 30 (Sep ‘06)
Timetable for STAR
Parallel campaigns: MPI-Mainz Chem (Lelieveld)
aircraft campaign over Suriname Feb-Mar ’05 SOWER (Japan + US)
extensive SnowWhite over Maritime cont. Dec’04-Jan’05 O3 sondes tropical Pacific
(Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam,..) (Kiribati, boat “Mirai”near Biak)
HIBISCUS/TROCCINOX (CNRS, DLR,..)measurement intensive in Brazil Jan-Mar’04
AMMA (EU: CNRS,..) 2005-… LBA Others..
Origin of air…
Long dry season (Aug-Nov):
Origin of air…
Short wet season (Dec-Jan):
Origin of air…
Short dry season (Feb-Mar):
Origin of air…
Long wet season (Apr-Jul):
ZonalWind
U
V
Paramaribo (5.75 N, 55.2 W), Surinam
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Brewer
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