Support for Tropical Atmospheric Research

Paramaribo Station location, seasons, climatology Radchis project Sep ’98 – Sep ‘02

- Brewer UV + O3, sonde (1999 - now)

expansion observations: 2002 2004: STAR

Paul Fortuin

Paramaribo station

(5.8°N 55.2°W)

Collaboration KNMI - MDS

Observation program- Brewer: since Apr 1999 continuous: tot. O3, UV dawn/dusk: Umkehr- sonde: since Sep 1999 weekly O3, T, H2O, wind

ITCZ migration range

Wet and dry seasons

Paramaribo Climatology: Rain

Average amount of rain per month of the ten wettest years and the ten

driest years in the period 1901-1970 for Paramaribo. The straight line is the average over the whole period.

(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)

- - -

-

--

--

- -

-- 2003 (data MDS)

Paramaribo Climatology: # of rainy days

Average number of days with rain for each month (normalized to months of 30 days) measured in Paramaribo in the period 1901-1970

(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)

Paramaribo Climatology: T and RH

Monthly averaged diurnal variation of temperature and RH (1961-1970)

Temperature (degr. C)Relative Humidity

RH (%)

Local time

(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)

March

September

Paramaribo Climatology: Sunshine (%) hour

mon

th

(Encyclopedie van Suriname, Uitgeverij Elsevier)

Average percentage of sunshine per hour (horizontal axis) and per month (vertical axis) for Paramaribo over the period 1962-1970.

Paramaribo Climatology: Summary

  

    

Brewer UV spectrum

(290 – 363 nm)

Brewer 159

Brewer Umkehr

m j j a s o n d j f m a m j j a s o n d j f m a m j j a s o n 1999 2000 2001

sunrisesza 90o -> 60o

sunsetsza 60o -> 90o

BrewerUmkehrs…

1999 2000 2001

1999 2000 2001

Umkehr vs. sonde..

1999 2000 2001

1999 2000 2001

Balloon sondes

Vaisala Digicora II MW 15 O3: Science Pump 6A

ECC, 1% buffered KI Wind: GPS H2O, T: RS80 Thermocap,

A-Humicap (also RS90 F-thermocap, Heated Humicap)

Correctionfactor

= (O3 sonde + O3 Umk/Clim)

col.O3 Brewer

Brewer vs. sonde O3

Brewer O3 vs. tropopause..

and ITCZ

Sonde..

Merid. Wind (m/s)

% Rel. humidity

boundary layer

Merid. Wind (m/s)

T = Tt - Tav (K)

(deep)convection

% Rel. humidity

equiv (K)

wind

Zonal U (m/s)

Meridional V (m/s)

First interpretation…

12 km

tropopause

Parbo0o

Second interpretation…

12 km

tropopause

Parbo

weekly sondes period: Sep ’99 – Sep ’02U(m/s-1)

O3(ppbv)

T(oC)

% RH

V(m/s-1)

Paramaribo stationexpansion

March 2002, Un.Heidelberg

Udo Friess MAX-DOAS

October 2002, KNMI

Gé Verver Sunphotometer Solar radiation station Total-sky imager (surface O3 monitor)

Kyoto University (RASC)

Masatomo Fujiwara SnowWhite receiver station

WP2: Site Organisation

Objectives: design/implement site management structure coordinate observation program with:

- other projects - international data networks - satellite validation campaigns - local operator staff

Deliverables: Site coordination plan (D2.1 month 6, M2.1 month 5) Long-term work plan (D2.2 month 12, M2.1 month 11) Annual work plan (D2.3 month 12, M2.3 month 11)

D2.1 Site coordination planSeptember

Describe: management structure

- current observation program: contract KNMI - SAHO (MDS)- new partners/instruments: site coordination plan

responsibilities and decision-making procedures tasks of operators

- operational- maintenance of instruments and facilities

criteria reporting/signaling problems with instruments observatory website:

- criteria to put data on website- conditions for use of data (data protocol)

template for extension plan

D2.1 Site coordination plan..

Template for extension plan goals of extension/collaboration period “ “ environment specification

space, peripherals, power needed operator assistance needed

operational/maintenance -> hrs/day -> cost training needed synergy needed

other instruments / observation schedule data specification

output generated, data protocol education, lecture(s) AdeK

D2.2 Long-term work planMarch ‘05

List future (potential) activities,e.g: future research projects Involvement of new partners participation in campaigns

research proposals future maintenance of infrastructure

improvements extensions

plan for long-term funding for observatory improvements for dissemination of data use of site for (local) educational purposes

D2.3-5 (yearly) Work planDecember ‘04, ‘05

For the coming year: measurement program

(coordinated with all instrument PI’s & operators) budget state of infrastructure

communication computer facilities

training operator staff planned visits

instrument calibrations instrument changes

WP3: Upgrading Infrastructure

additional operator room D3.1 month 5 (Aug ‘04) container park D3.2 month 5 ( “ ) additional electrical power D3.3 month 5 ( “ ) computer network

- analysis of requirements for network communication- approved plan D3.4 month 12 (Mar ‘05) - implemented D3.5 month 18 (Sep ‘05)

observatory website- approved design D3.6 month 12 (Mar ‘05)- implemented D3.7 month 18 (Sep ‘05)

D3.6 observatory websiteMarch ‘05

contents: observatory information Public

- general: location, history, organization structure, funding- specific: objectives, program/instrument details, links contact info, instrument PI’s, publication list

observational data Public + restricted- common database (distributed) via internet- additional: e.g meteorological, trajectories, campaigns (external sources)- description: data -format, -quality checking, -protocol

bookkeeping and logging information Restricted- monitor instrument performance- logbook operators

WP5: Education and training

University curriculum D5.1 month 18 (Sep ‘05)- introduction to atmospheric chemistry/physics- weather, global change

Exchange program D5.2 month 6 (Sep ‘04)- students + staff AdeK (involve in programs of partners)

Tools for education & research D5.3 month 20 (Nov ‘04) - models (ctm, traj., dynam, climate)- access to STAR database

Operator training program D5.4 month 12 (Apr ‘05) Workshop + report D5.5 month 30 (Sep ‘06)

Timetable for STAR

Parallel campaigns: MPI-Mainz Chem (Lelieveld)

aircraft campaign over Suriname Feb-Mar ’05 SOWER (Japan + US)

extensive SnowWhite over Maritime cont. Dec’04-Jan’05 O3 sondes tropical Pacific

(Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam,..) (Kiribati, boat “Mirai”near Biak)

HIBISCUS/TROCCINOX (CNRS, DLR,..)measurement intensive in Brazil Jan-Mar’04

AMMA (EU: CNRS,..) 2005-… LBA Others..

Origin of air…

Long dry season (Aug-Nov):

   

Origin of air…

Short wet season (Dec-Jan):

   

    

Origin of air…

Short dry season (Feb-Mar):

Origin of air…

Long wet season (Apr-Jul):

   

    

    

ZonalWind

U

V

Paramaribo (5.75 N, 55.2 W), Surinam

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

15

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Date

Ozo

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co

lum

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t

GOME

TOMS

Brewer