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Strategies for Strategies for Success in AcademiaSuccess in Academia: : Perspectives of a Department Perspectives of a Department ChairChair
Charles T. Taylor, Pharm.D., BCPSCharles T. Taylor, Pharm.D., BCPSAssociate Dean for Professional Education and Clinical Associate Dean for Professional Education and Clinical AffairsAffairsDirector of Pharmacy Practice, Director of Pharmacy Practice, St. Louis College of PharmacySt. Louis College of Pharmacyctaylor@stlcop.eductaylor@stlcop.edu
OutlineOutline
Describe types of academic Describe types of academic appointmentsappointments
Discuss critical factors to consider Discuss critical factors to consider when seeking a career in academic when seeking a career in academic pharmacypharmacy
Identify strategies for success as an Identify strategies for success as an active member of the academyactive member of the academy
Growth in Growth in Pharmacy Practice FacultyPharmacy Practice Faculty
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Percent Faculty
1996 2006
2006-07 AACP Profile of Pharmacy Faculty2006-07 AACP COF/COD Task Force on Faculty Workforce Report
Growth Expected to Growth Expected to ContinueContinue Faculty demand Faculty demand
projected to increase projected to increase by 20% during the by 20% during the next 10-yearsnext 10-years
Related to Related to retirements, larger retirements, larger class sizes, new class sizes, new pharmacy schools pharmacy schools and branch campusesand branch campuses
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
2010 2012 2014
FT baseline New faculty Retirement
2006-07 AACP COF/COD Task Force on Faculty Workforce Report
Vacant Pharmacy Practice Vacant Pharmacy Practice Positions in 2006Positions in 2006
427 vacancies427 vacancies 41% open > 1 year41% open > 1 year 60% existing 60% existing
positionspositions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Percent VacantPositions
Pceutics Pcology Pharmacy Practice
2006-07 AACP Profile of Pharmacy Faculty2006-07 AACP COF/COD Task Force on Faculty Workforce Report
Factors Related to RetentionFactors Related to Retention
Survey of pharmacy faculty Survey of pharmacy faculty (2005)(2005)– 885 respondents (23%)885 respondents (23%)– 57% pharmacy practice faculty57% pharmacy practice faculty– 39% assistant professors39% assistant professors– 65% first job in academia65% first job in academia
Conklin MH, Desselle SP. Am J Pharm Educ 2007; 71(4): article 62
Conklin MH, Desselle SP. Am J Pharm Educ 2007; 71(4): article 62
Reasons to StayReasons to Stay– AutonomyAutonomy– GeographyGeography– Fringe benefitsFringe benefits– FamilyFamily– Job securityJob security
Reasons to LeaveReasons to Leave– New challengeNew challenge– Excessive Excessive
workloadworkload– Poor salaryPoor salary– Relationship with Relationship with
administrationadministration– Organizational Organizational
supportsupport
Factors Related to Retention Factors Related to Retention (cont.)(cont.)
Key PointKey Point
Seek evidence that…Seek evidence that…– Workloads are individualized, balanced Workloads are individualized, balanced – Salaries and benefits are competitiveSalaries and benefits are competitive– Advancement is supportedAdvancement is supported
Being a college faculty member Being a college faculty member
is a spectrum of is a spectrum of broad broad
responsibilitiesresponsibilities requiring many requiring many
different skill setsdifferent skill sets
Tenure TrackTenure Track
Workload ExpectationsWorkload Expectations– Original researchOriginal research– Campus-based teachingCampus-based teaching– Service within the CollegeService within the College
TenureTenure– Formal secure position that doesn’t require contract Formal secure position that doesn’t require contract
renewalsrenewals
PromotionPromotionAssistant ProfessorAssistant Professor Associate Associate ProfessorProfessor
Non-tenure TrackNon-tenure Track
Workload ExpectationsWorkload Expectations– Site-based instruction (e.g. APEs, IPEs)Site-based instruction (e.g. APEs, IPEs)– Scholarship focused on teaching and practiceScholarship focused on teaching and practice– Patient care responsibilitiesPatient care responsibilities
ContractsContracts– Yearly or multi-year contractsYearly or multi-year contracts
PromotionPromotionClinicalClinical Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Associate Associate
ProfessorProfessor
Pharmacy, the Base Pharmacy, the Base ProfessionProfession
Content expertiseContent expertise Practice / clinical skillsPractice / clinical skills Research techniquesResearch techniques
Doctor of PharmacyDoctor of Pharmacy
PGY1 ResidencyPGY1 Residency
PGY2 ResidencyPGY2 Residency
CertificationCertification
Academia, the Meta-Academia, the Meta-ProfessionProfession
TeachingTeaching Scholarly activitiesScholarly activities ServiceService AdministrationAdministration
Conflict managementConflict managementTeam buildingTeam buildingTechnical writingTechnical writingInstructional design/deliveryInstructional design/delivery… … and many moreand many more
Areas for Faculty Mentoring
Types of TeachingTypes of Teaching
LecturerLecturer FacilitatorFacilitator Case writerCase writer Test writerTest writer AssessorAssessor PreceptorPreceptor
Scope of Scope of involvement involvement influenced by type influenced by type of academic of academic appointmentappointment
Typically linked to Typically linked to areas of expertise areas of expertise (base profession)(base profession)
Types of ScholarshipTypes of Scholarship
PublicationsPublications Podium Podium
presentationspresentations Poster Poster
presentationspresentations GrantsGrants ContractsContracts
Influenced by Influenced by college mission– college mission– research intensive research intensive versus teaching versus teaching intensiveintensive
All colleges expect All colleges expect faculty to contribute faculty to contribute to the scientific and to the scientific and professional professional literatureliterature
Types of ServiceTypes of Service
UniversityUniversity College of College of
PharmacyPharmacy Practice sitePractice site ProfessionProfession CommunityCommunity
Fosters professional Fosters professional identity so be involved identity so be involved (but at the right time!)(but at the right time!)
Watch for the Syndrome of Watch for the Syndrome of WorkaholismWorkaholism
Do you know Do you know what is expected of you?what is expected of you?
Key PointsKey Points
ASKASK questions to gain clarity! questions to gain clarity! Who funds the position?Who funds the position? Review promotion and tenure criteriaReview promotion and tenure criteria Assess new faculty workload allocationAssess new faculty workload allocation Evaluate opportunities to meet your Evaluate opportunities to meet your
goalsgoals My philosophy…My philosophy…
There is a There is a mutual needmutual need in academia. in academia.
Colleges need ideas, energy, and talent; Colleges need ideas, energy, and talent;
Faculty need careers, support, and Faculty need careers, support, and
opportunities.opportunities.
Faculty AdvocatesFaculty Advocates
Formal faculty development programs Formal faculty development programs (11%)(11%)
Informal development programs Informal development programs (< (< 50%)50%)
Formal faculty mentoring programs Formal faculty mentoring programs (18%)(18%)
MacKinnon GE. Am J Pharm Educ 2003; 67(1): 49-71.Zeind CS, et al. Am J Pharm Educ 2005; 69(5): 1-13.
““We Care” ApproachWe Care” Approach
Facilitate a good Facilitate a good “fit” between the “fit” between the faculty and the faculty and the CollegeCollege
ActionsActions– Conduct internal programs Conduct internal programs
(Faculty Academy)(Faculty Academy)– Support registration for Support registration for
external programsexternal programs– Organize social eventsOrganize social events– Assign mentorsAssign mentors– Schedule meetings with ChairSchedule meetings with Chair– Visit clinical sites of peersVisit clinical sites of peers– Recognize achievementsRecognize achievements– Stress and conflict Stress and conflict
managementmanagement– RetreatsRetreats
Do opportunities exist for Do opportunities exist for growth?growth?
Key PointsKey Points
Do your homework – NO surprisesDo your homework – NO surprises Find mentors and be a spongeFind mentors and be a sponge Protect your time during the first Protect your time during the first
yearyear It’sIt’s YOUR YOUR journey – create a plan! journey – create a plan! My philosophy…My philosophy…
Colleges are Colleges are coalitionscoalitions of diverse faculty of diverse faculty
with competing interests but scarce with competing interests but scarce
resources. resources.
Choices are made through Choices are made through healthyhealthy conflict, conflict,
bargaining, and negotiation.bargaining, and negotiation.
““Functional” TeamsFunctional” Teams
Provide an Provide an environment to environment to align interests so align interests so action plans can be action plans can be implementedimplemented
ActionsActions– Build base of understanding Build base of understanding
and support at sites before and support at sites before faculty arrivefaculty arrive
– Meet jointly with key Meet jointly with key decision makers at site and decision makers at site and the faculty memberthe faculty member
– Remove the faculty member Remove the faculty member from feeling caught in the from feeling caught in the “middle”“middle”
– Discuss support systemsDiscuss support systems
Do supportive, trusting Do supportive, trusting relationships exist?relationships exist?
Key PointsKey Points
Determine your agenda for the Determine your agenda for the futurefuture
Build relationships with leadersBuild relationships with leaders Deal openly with differencesDeal openly with differences My philosophy…My philosophy…
What is What is most importantmost important is not what is not what
happens… but what it happens… but what it MEANSMEANS. .
We interpret experiences We interpret experiences
differentlydifferently
““Pictures paint a thousand Pictures paint a thousand words”words”
ActionsActions– White coat ceremonyWhite coat ceremony– Office furnishings Office furnishings – Bulletin boards Bulletin boards
showcasing showcasing faculty/student faculty/student achievements achievements
– Dress codes Dress codes – Monthly birthday Monthly birthday
celebrationscelebrations– Health Fairs Health Fairs – Poster Day Poster Day – Football tailgatesFootball tailgates– NewslettersNewsletters
Do you share similar Do you share similar values?values?
Continually Re-Assess and Re-Align….Continually Re-Assess and Re-Align….
Expectations
CultureRelationships
Personal Growth
BALANCE!!
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