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Country prohibits product that does not meet specific standards—often health, safety, or environmental—set by government Marine Mammal Protect Act (MMPA) Tuna Fish. Standards or Regulations. Note Reward Day. 12/1/2010. 1981 Recession Auto companies struggling (half mil unemployed) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Standards or RegulationsCountry prohibits
product that does not meet specific standards—often health, safety, or environmental—set by government
Marine Mammal Protect Act (MMPA)
Tuna Fish
Note Reward Day12/1/2010
BARRIER #11981 Recession
◦Auto companies struggling (half mil unemployed)
◦U.S. consumers buying large amount of Japan imports
◦Japan limits imports via ”Voluntary Export Restraint” 1.68 mil - 1983 1.85 mil – 1984 2.3 mil – 1985 Program ended in 1994
◦Causes price of Japanese cars to go rise $1,200
Questions to Answer
What type of barrier is this (tariff, quota, embargo, regulation, or subsidy)?
How does action described limit trade? Why was the action taken? What was the
government(s) trying to achieve?Who benefited from this actionWho suffered losses?
Barrier #220 percent of catfish market of U.S. imported
from VietnamHalf million Vietnamese living of industryHurting people in Mississippi
◦Want all catfish sold to have marked package of country of origin
Vietnam regulation was not as strict as U.S.◦Processed for cheaper, sold for cheaper
Law passed in 2000 that only the “Ictaluridae Catfish” could be labeled as catfish in grocery stores
Questions to Answer
What type of barrier is this (tariff, quota, embargo, regulation, or subsidy)?
How does action described limit trade? Why was the action taken? What was the
government(s) trying to achieve?Who benefited from this action?Who suffered losses?
Barrier #3
Cuban Sugar Crisis?◦1959 Cuba becomes friends with Soviet Union
and communist ◦U.S. at time was importing lots of Sugar and had
many Oil refineries in Cuba◦1960 – all trade with Cuba (to and from) is
prohibited◦1962 – JFK all travel and financial communication
with Cuba is illegal◦Idea is make Cubans life difficult and have them
raise against leader
Questions to Answer
What type of barrier is this (tariff, quota, embargo, regulation, or subsidy)?
How does action described limit trade? Why was the action taken? What was the
government(s) trying to achieve?Who benefited from this action?Who suffered losses?
Barrier #4Farmers in 1920’sU.S. struggling from
overproduction of food supplies◦ South America and Asia
Decline in agriculture goods prices
Smooth-Hawley Act◦ Raised taxes on imported food by
60%Caused 60 other countries to
raise taxes on American imported goods
Played a role in lengthening and arguabley starting the Great Depression
Questions to Answer
What type of barrier is this (tariff, quota, embargo, regulation, or subsidy)?
How does action described limit trade? Why was the action taken? What was the
government(s) trying to achieve?Who benefited from this action?Who suffered losses?
Barrier #5
1776 90% of Americans worked on FarmsCurrently at or below 2% 1985 was at 12%Export Enhancement Program
◦Government pays farmers additional $ for wheat exports
◦Allows for sale of wheat to other countries for cheaper
Questions to Answer
What type of barrier is this (tariff, quota, embargo, regulation, or subsidy)?
How does action described limit trade? Why was the action taken? What was the
government(s) trying to achieve?Who benefited from this action?Who suffered losses?
Today’s Work
Go online and find an article that discusses a country currently (or recently) using a type of trade barrier and answer the following questions?◦What country used the barrier? Who was it
used against?◦What type of barrier was it?◦Was it affective?◦Why was it implemented?◦Who gained? Who suffered?
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