Soybean Endres

2013 Soybean Production Update

Greg Endres, Extension area agronomistNDSU Carrington Research Extension Center

gregory.endres@ndsu.edu 701-652-2951

•Plant establishment•Weed management•Special inputs

NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (August, 2012)

Factor A Yield >

(%)

B NDSU trial site-years

Tillage system Reduced till

9 conventional till 17

Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6

Seed inoculation with soybean history

yes pending

no ?

Seed fungicide yes 11 no 18

Planting date < early May

pending

mid May 2

Planting rate (pls/A) 150-

175,0005 100-130,000 18

Row spacing (inch)

14-21 5 28-30 19

P at planting time

broadcast 4 band (away from seed)

2

Timing of Weed Removal

PRE 3 early POST 2

Soybean Establishment, CREC, 2011-12

• 2 tillage systems– conventional and direct seed (‘no-till’)

• 2 planting dates– 2011: May 5 & 19; 2012: April 30 & May 15

• 4 (planting time) fertilizer treatments– 6-24-6 applied on med P (8/9 ppm) and high K

(216/178 ppm) soil – untreated check, broadcast, 2x0-inch band, and

mid-row band

• POST Headline fungicide (2 of 4 reps)

Funded by ND Soybean Council

Soybean Establishment Study Carrington, 2011-12: SEED YIELD WITH TILLAGE SYSTEMS

40.8

52.5

43.4

51.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2011 2012

conventional

direct seed

*

Soybean Establishment Studies, CREC, 2012: SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING DATES

53.7

37.6

27.9

50.6

30.3

19.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

Carrington New Rockford Wishek

early

normal*

*

*

Apr 30/May 15 May 2/17 Apr 24/May 16

Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2011-12: SEED YIELD WITH STARTER FERTILIZER.

40.4

51.8

43.9

51.7

42.0

52.5

41.9

52.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2011 2012

check

broadcast

2x0 band

mid-row band

P = med and K = high. 6-24-6 applied as band at planting or broadcast PRE.

Carrington (June 13)

Langdon (Aug 20)

Soybean Timing of Weed Removal, 2012

Soybean yield with timing of weed removal, Carrington and Langdon, 2012.

12.5 13.7

47.1 47.545.5

47.8

39.3

46.4

25.1

42.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Carrington Langdon

check

at planting

ePOST

mPOST

lPOST

Bu/A

LSD (0.05): 7.0 LSD (0.05): 6.6

Timing of initial weed control Soybean yieldWeed height Soybean stage bu/A

48.0

2 to 4 inches

VC-V2 (unifoliate to 1st

trifoliate) 46.9

6 to 8 inches

V2-V4 (2nd to 4th trifoliate) 45.2

> 10 inches

V4-R2 (4th trifoliate to

full flower) 37.719.3

NDSU: 4 site-years (2011-12).

Soybean yield loss from weeds

At planting (soil application)

Untreated check

NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (Nov 2012)

Factor A Yield >

(%)

B NDSU trial site-years

^Tillage system

Reduced till

8 conventional till 18*

Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6

Seed inoculation with soybean history

yes pending

no ?

Seed fungicide yes 10 no 19*

^Planting date < early May

13 mid May 4*

Planting rate (pls/A) 150-

175,0005 100-130,000 20*

Row spacing (inch)

14-21 5 28-30 19

^P at planting time

broadcast 0 band (away from seed)

4*

^Timing of Weed Removal

At planting 2 early POST 4*

Options of soil-applied herbicides, with residual control, for glyphosate-resistant kochia in soybean

•Sulfentrazone –e.g. Authority MTZ, Broadaxe, Spartan Charge

•Valor•Sharpen, Verdict (+ Zidua)

POST herbicide options for glyphosate-resistant kochia control in soybean

•Flexstar*•NDSU micro-rate*•Liberty*

*use restrictions

What can we do to profitably increase soybean seed yield in addition to using best management practices?

Soybean response to special inputs1, Carrington, 2005-12

FERTILIZERfarmer fertilizer blendQuickroots; Liquid sufl/can/soy mix6-0-0-9 (Zn)9.5-0-0-5-10 (Zn)Max-In; Max-In MnNF; Winfield Solutions experimentalsUANCoRon; zincMicro500; Sure-KEB mixSugarMicroMixMoly

PESTICIDES Headline (+ Fastac) Stratego Pro/YLD

(+ Leverage) Priaxor (+ Fastac) Quilt Xcel (+ Warrior T) Evito (+ Leverage) Cobra Makaze Yield Pro (GP)

1Yellow = foliar products used in 2012.RR soybean: 2005-06=RG200RR, 2007=NT-0090, 2008-12=DSR0401.

GROWTH PROMOTERSRatchetSoil Builder; Ag blendBin Buster XP; KQ-XRNX-tra Power; Sugar Mover MegaGro; HappyGro SeedProd; CropProd BTN+; T1 BioForge; Golden Harvest Plus GA NBS N-Hibit; ProAct Foliar Blend

Study partially funded by private industry

Special foliar inputs for soybean, Carrington, 2012.

(irrigated; 18 trts vs untreated checks; 4 reps)

Soil adequate nutrient levels (med or higher) except Cl (VL) and

Na (low) 7.7 pH; 3.6% organic matter; low soluble salts and VL

carbonates

Application timing V2 and/or R1-3 soybean stages

1. Fertilizers 2. Fungicides3. Growth promoters

Yield of untreated check = 56.6 bu/acre

no yield increase with any treatment

Soybean performance with special inputs, Carrington, 2005-12.

Response vs. untreated check1

Year

Environment

Number of

treatments

Yield of untreated

checkSeed yield

Test weight Protei

n

bu/A bu/A lb/bu %

2005 dryland

16 36.7 *

NS NS

2006

21 26.2

NS200

7

irrigated

15 58.0

2008

16 47.3

2009

15 51.2

2010

19 51.6

2011

19 42.1 * (-)

2012

18 56.6 NS

1*=statistically significant (0.05); NS=no difference in factor compared to untreated check.Details at www.ag.ndsu.edu/CarringtonREC/

Soybean special input study, CREC, 2005-12: SEED YIELD WITH PRODUCT COMBINATIONS (3-6/YR)1

46.3 47.1

010

20

30

40

50

60

bu/A untreated check

productcombination

1No statistical difference (LSD 0.05) each year of 8 trials. 2012 mixture: BinBuster XP (V2)/ Headline + Fastac (R3)

Soybean intensive mgmt study, NDSU, 8 site-yr (2008-11)1: SEED YIELD and HIGHEST NET RETURN with row spacing, planting rate and foliar inputs.

14150N

14150

Y

14200

Y

14200N

28150N

28150

Y

28200N

28200

Y

Endres, Kandel et al.

$

1LSD (0.05) = NS for each site-yr

$

(bushels/acre)

Questions?