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EQUALITY IN FYR MACEDONIA, 2000-2011 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union.
EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA
GENDER AT A GLANCE WOMEN
MEN DEMOGRAPHICS
POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 Source: UN World Population Prospects.
WOMEN
MEN
0% 50% 100%
Construction
Transportation and storage
Public administration and defence
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Wholesale and retail trade; repairs
Manufacturing
Education
Human health and social work
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64) , 2000- 2011 Source: GenderStats.
SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR*(%), 2012 Source: EuroStat. *Sectors include those with over 5% of total employment.
6%
7%
20%
14%
17%
7%
5%
6%
Score Max Rank Year
World Economic Forum Global Gender Gap Index 0.6968 1 61/135 2012
UNDP Gender Empowerment Measure 0.641 1 35/109 2009
OECD Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.1047 0 5/86 2012
GLOBAL INDICES
WOMEN
MEN
0% 50% 100%
Agriculture
Services
Science
Engineering, manufacturing and construction
Social science, business and law
Humanities and arts
Health
Education
SHARE OF TERTIARY GRADUATES BY AREA OF STUDY (%), 2010 Source: GenderStats.
FYR MACEDONIA GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$4,6901 Population living below US$2.50 9%2
Most recent…. Government Gender Action Plan 2013-2016 Country Gender Assessment 2013, World Bank
Sector share of total
employment
Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2ECAPOV, 2008. Estimated as of September 2013.
0-4
10-14
20-24
30-34
40-44
50-54
60-64
70-74
80-84
90-94
100+
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
50
100
Female grosssecondaryenrollment
Female laborforce participation
(ages 15-64)
Women's monthlywages as a share
of men's(unadjusted)
Share of womenin parliament
2000
2011*
JOBS
EDUCATION
*Female gross secondary enrollment (2010); Women’s wages as a share of men’s (2010); Share of women in parliament (2013).
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FYR Macedonia Europe & Central
Asia
OECD Upper Middle
Income
Year*
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics
Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 89 91 103 102 105 104 111 110 2010
Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 84 83 100 97 99 99 84 87 2010
Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 36 42 54 66 62 74 33 40 2010
Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 92 93 98 99 101 101 97 99 2009
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 99 96 99 98 96 91 2010
Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 17 27 25 31 2011
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 99 - 98 - 100 - 104 2010
Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 77 73 80 77 82 71 75 2011
Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 10 - 21 - 19 - 64 2010
Fertility rates (births per woman) - 1.4 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.8 2011
Access to Economic Opportunity
Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 78 51 77 62 79 62 83 65 2011
Unemployment (% of labor force) 31.8 30.8 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 2011
Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 55.7 54.8 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 2011
Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 31 24 22 15 18 13 2011
Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3
living in household
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 36 - - - 2009
Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's
wages, unadjusted)
- 7 - - - 2010
Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of
total non-agricultural employment)
- 42 - 47 - 46 - 39 2010
Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 76 72 73 66 86 80 62 53 2011
Agency
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 34 - 24 - 25 - 22 2013
Firms with female top managers (%) - 19 - - - 2009
Share of women among ministers (%) - 14 - 19 - 24 - 15 2012
Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or
beating his wife
*Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year.
Data from GenderStats (extracted September 10, 2013), UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central stat ist ics off ice of FYR M acedonia.
KEY INDICATORS
Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013).
The constitution of FYR Macedonia guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership
and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws restricting the
industries in which women may work. More specifically, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in the areas of
mining, construction, metalworking, and factories. Women are entitled to 270 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. The law guarantees pregnant and
nursing women workplace protections from dismissal; however, the law does not guarantee placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave or rights to a
flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is
64 and 62, respectively. There is legislation specifically addressing domestic violence that includes emotional, physical, and sexual abuse (does not include financial abuse).
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized, internationally comparable sources.
WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender
ROMA POPULATION
Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for FYR Macedonia (2011).
KEY INDICATORS Roma Non-Roma
Male Female Male Female Literacy rate (16+) 91% 75% 98% 95% Gross enrollment rate (Upper-secondary education 16-19) 30% 24% 62% 67% Average years of education (25-64) 6.9 5.1 10.8 10.2 Employment rate (15-64) 35% 10% 49% 26% Unemployment rate (15-64) 45% 70% 22% 35%
PERCEPTIONS Educational expectation for boys/girls (16+)…
Roma Non-Roma For boys For girls For boys For girls
Primary education 1% 2% 5% 1% Lower secondary education 10% 13% 1% 1% Upper secondary education 38% 38% 14% 20% Post-secondary education 51% 46% 80% 78% Roma Non-Roma Believe it somewhat or fully acceptable… Male Female Male Female For a man to slap his wife 30% 22% 13% 8% For a wife to slap her husband 8% 10% 7% 6% Felt discriminated against because of… Ethnicity 39% 31% 10% 10% Gender 9% 15% 4% 4%
POVERTY Roma Non-Roma
PPP$2.15 expenditures based 8% 3% PPP$4.30 expenditures based 29% 7%
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