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Sharding Overview

Ethereum Research

Hsiao-Wei Wang

EDCON - 2018 May 3rd

Sharding

Sharding

Scaling Solution!

Sharding

A Secure and Decentralized Scaling Solution!

Model Components1. Main chain

2. Shard chains

3. Collations

4. Sharding Manager Contract

Main ChainThe main Ethereum 1.0 blockchain

Shard Chains / Shards

● Creating many new chains for Ethereum 2.0

● Each shard chain is a new galaxy

● Dividing the overhead and workload from main

chain to shard chain -> quadratic sharding

Collationlike block!

ShardingManagerContract (SMC)

● Two-way pegging

● Randomness

Security and decentralization● High TPS performance

Scalability● Cross-shards

● UX

Usability

Goals

Compatibilities

Disable state

execution

● The collation bodies are just blobs

State execution

Disable state

execution

● State execution engine

Cross-shard

State execution

Disable state

execution

● Asynchronous or synchronous Cross-shard transaction.

Tight coupling

Cross-shard

State execution

Disable state

execution

● The main chain block is valid

only if the the shard chain collations it includes are valid.

Implementation

Minimal Sharding Protocol1. The simplest protocol while research in progress

a. One way pegging

b. No state execution

c. No cross-shards transaction

2. Easy pseudo-randomly sampling

Sharded P2P Networking

Sharding Notaries

○ are sampled to verify the

collation availability per

period

○ need to jump between the

shard chains

Sharded P2P Networking

Network Requirements

○ fast jump between

100 networks

Python Implementation - Trinity

Golang ImplementationPrysmaticLabs.com

Contributions Welcome! ❤ ● Sharding clients devs and research channel

https://gitter.im/ethereum/sharding

● Python Implementation○ Client - Trinity

■ https://github.com/ethereum/py-evm

○ Contract

■ https://github.com/ethereum/sharding/

● Go Implementation - https://prysmaticlabs.com/

● Ethereum Research - https://ethresear.ch/

● Ethereum Foundation Grants

Thank you!

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