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Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 1
Marisa JenkinsFlight Deck Engineering
Principle Investigator, Surface OperationsThe Boeing Company
Runway Situation Awareness Tools
Export of this technology is controlled under the U nited States Export Administration Regulations (EAR ) (15 CFR 730-774). An export license may be requir ed before it is used for development, production or use by foreign persons f rom specific countries. The controller of this data has the individual responsibility to abide by all export laws. ECCN: 9E991
Runway overrun excursionsRunway excursions are the first leading cause of aviation accidents
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 2
• Boeing Safety - A top issue
• U.S. NTSB - Runway safety - top 10 issue since 1991
• Flight Safety Foundation - A top issue
• IATA - Recognized accident issue
• ICAO GRSS in May 2011 - A top issue
Runway excursions are the first leading cause of aviation accidents and the third leading cause of transport airplane fatalities.
Overrun characteristics
Friction limited orrunway contamination
Tailwind
Long landing
Unstableapproach(too high, too fast)
ABtoolow
Speedbrakeslate or not
Stability Touch-down Deceleration
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 3
Decision height
High touchdown
speed Reverser level too low orreduced too soon
Reversers late ornot deployed
late or notdeployed
Overrun excursions often are caused by more than one factor
Mitigate all contributing factors to overruns
• Multiple solutions and technologies required
Ensure maximum fleet penetration
• Work towards software-only solutions (when feasible)
• Gain customer support and feedback
Guiding principles
Flight Deck Technology
Training Aid
Procedures
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 4
• Gain customer support and feedback
• Work towards in- and out-of-production solutions
• Work towards technology packages to incentivize airline acceptance
Implement enhancements as soon as possible
• Advocate near-term solutions (procedures, training aid, existing technology options)
• Multi-model planning: features and functions incorporation
Boeing’s overrun solutionRunway Situation Awareness Tools
Flight Deck TechnologyProcedures
Technology…• Enhanced approach planning tools• Aural and visual runway positional
awareness and alerting• Stability guidance and alerting• Predicted runway stop location display• Overrun alerting
For every landing…
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 5
Training Aid
Approach and Landing Training Aid video…• Flying a stable approach• Runway contamination or friction• Checking runway length available
versus required• Reported conditions that vary from
actual• Approach speed additives and effect• Proper, timely use of all deceleration
devices
For every landing…• Perform a landing distance calculation• Calculate and brief a go-around point• Utilize appropriate Speedbrake/Thrust
Reverser callouts
• Perform a thorough approach briefing
• Perform a landing distance calculation and assessment
• Plan a go-around point or a latest touchdown point
• Ensure required procedural callouts are made
Procedures
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 6
Flight Deck Technology
Training Aid
Procedures
Note: A thrust reverser callout and a landing distance calculation were added to the FCTM and the FCOM
• Flying a stable approach
• Touchdown point
• Runway contamination – known or unexpected
• Calculating the runway distance available versus required
• Reported conditions:
Training aid videoPilots must understand the relationship among these factors
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 7
– Can vary from actual conditions
– Reliability of runway braking action reports
– Wind data
• Approach speed additives:
– Effect on landing distance
– Energy to be dissipated
• Proper, timely use of deceleration devices
Flight Deck Technology
Training Aid
Procedures
Technology
www.boeing.com/saafer
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 8
Flight Deck Technology
Training Aid
Procedures
PlanningApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration
Displayed landing distance – dry or contaminated runways
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Assessment of runway available versus required
PlanningApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration
Displayed landing distance – dry or contaminated runways
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Assessment of runway available versus required
ApproachApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration
“TOO HIGH”“TOO FAST”
“APPROACHING 28L”
“SHORT RUNWAY”
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• Runway SA and alerting• Stable (speed, altitude, on
G/S) and guidance• Instability alerting
“TOO FAST”
TouchdownApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration
• Landing and flare guidance
• Runway position SA• Long landing alerting
“ X THOUSAND REMAINING”
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“LONG LANDING”
TouchdownApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration
• Landing and flare guidance
• Runway position SA• Long landing alerting
“ X THOUSAND REMAINING”
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 13
“LONG LANDING”
Landing and rolloutApproachplanning
Approach Touchdown Deceleration• Runway
positional awareness
• Display of calculated stop location
• Overrun alerting• Speedbrake
alerting
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 14
“ X THOUSAND REMAINING”
“ONE HUNDRED REMAINING”
“SPEEDBRAKE”
“OVERRU N”
alerting
Flight Deck Technology
Training Aid
Procedures
Non-equipage mitigations available• Updated approach procedures• Boeing-developed Approach and Landing Training Aid• Flight Safety Foundation Approach and Landing Accident
Reduction (ALAR) tool kit• IATA Runway Excursion Risk Reduction (RERR) toolkit
Equipage mitigations available• Head-up Display (HUD)
International Coordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Associations
Future equipage and available SOP and training
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Training Aid • Head-up Display (HUD)• Vertical Situation Display (VSD)• Onboard Performance Tool (OPT)• Runway Awareness Advisory System (RAAS)
Packages in work for Boeing models, starting 2015
ICAO Regional Runway Safety Summit
Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 16
Questions
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