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Rice productivity improvement through Rice productivity improvement through broadening of genetic diversity and strategic broadening of genetic diversity and strategic
seed systemsseed systems
Kayode Sanni, Kayode Sanni,
INGER-Africa CoordinatorINGER-Africa Coordinator
CORAF/WECARD MeetingCORAF/WECARD Meeting24 May 2010, Marina Hotel, Cotonou24 May 2010, Marina Hotel, Cotonou
Outline of presentation
• Introduction
• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity
• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity
• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity
• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems
• Future Prospects
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
• Seed is a carrier of the genetic diversity that that is essential food and agriculture
• Seed is one of the primary factors for agricultural productivity
• important for food security and rural development
Paddy
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
The seed is very important because it is the hardware extension of our breeding programs.
Its production thus requires a special effort
Conservation of rice diversity at AfricaRiceConservation of rice diversity at AfricaRice
Focus on RiceOver 20,000 accessions(2,500 O. glaberrima)
Medium-term Conservation
Long-term Conservation
Accessible to partnersSafety back-up
Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA)
• Germplasm Intrust
• Exchange under the condition of SMTA of IT-PGRFA
• Multilateral access and benefit sharing
The MLS concept
The breeding process:many generations of “PGRFA under development” -
a “black box” for the Treaty
MLS germplasm: raw materials in the public domain
Final product:the improved commercialized variety that may trigger payments
INGER
Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA)
Outline of presentation
• Introduction
• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity
• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity
• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity
• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems
• Future Prospects
Increased genetic diversity at regional and national level
West Africa69.0%
ECS Africa 16.9%
Others14.1%
Share of distribution of about 60,000 germplasm between 1995 and 2010
Trends in INGER-promoted varieties vs. varieties released in West Africa
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Provide seeds of improved varieties to farmers under post conflict emergency programs (Cote D’Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone).
Provide access to quality seeds by farmers for fast rehabilitation of production systems.
Agricultural rehabilitation (seed for life)
• Conflict can break out any time and anywhere in Africa
• Crisis prevention germplasm collection • D’Ivoire and Guinea in 2000• Burkina Faso, Niger and 2008 Sierra Leone 2008
• Comprehensive GIS data on collection sites guide restoration of germplasm
Preventive germplasm collection
Outline of presentation
• Introduction
• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity
• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity
• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity
• Productivity Improvement through Seed systems
• Future Prospects
Improved AfricaRice Genebank Information System Improved AfricaRice Genebank Information System ““Bar Code Technology”Bar Code Technology”
WAGISWAGISdatabasedatabase
Selection of Materials for label generation Label designing
Label Printing
LabellingScreenhouse Genebank
Decoding and transferring Information to server
Field
Outline of presentation
• Introduction
• Conservation of Rice Genetic Diversity
• Utilization and Broadening of Genetic Diversity
• Information Management to improve utilization of rice diversity
• Productivity Improvement by facilitating Seed systems
• Future Prospects
Project for Seed System Sustainability
• Multinational NERICA Dissemination Project (AfDB)
• Common Fund for Commodities
• Japan Emergency Seed Project
• USAID Famine Fund Project
Multinational NERICA Dissemination Project
• Contribute to poverty reduction and food security through the dissemination of high yielding upland rice NERICA varieties
• Seven Countries
Japan Emergency Seed Project
• Funded by Japan Govt towards
• Improving access to quality seed for poor resource farmers in Africa
• building a reliable rice data system• 20 countries
Common Fund for CommoditiesProject
• Improve on-farm rice productivity, quality and processing
• Improve the capacity of farmers in integrated production, processing and marketing operations;
• Strengthen the human and institutional capacity for promoting profitable rice production, processing and marketing.
• Project countries- Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic
Emergency initiative to boost rice production”.
• Funded by USAID• Short-term (2years) intervention to:• Increase the use of high yielding rice varieties • Increase the use of improved farming methods through
training• Increase the use of fertilizers through use of
vouchers/coupons• Countries: Ghana, Mali, Nigeria and Senegal
Achievements up-to-date / SustainabilitySetting up fundaments for sustainable seed syst:
Equipment in basic threshing and seed processing machines
Breeder and Foundation seed Certified and Registered seed
Achievements up-to-date / Sustainability
Building partnership public – private sector
•Mauritania: Société Représentation et l’Industrie Agr. (SRIA)•Nigeria : Maslaha Seeds (Gusau), Seed Project (Kano) and Premier Seeds (Zaria)•Uganda: CIAL Uganda and NASECO Seed(registered seed)•Zambia : Zambia Seed company •Kenya: Western Seed company •Mozambique: GIVA Seed •Malawi : Seedco Malawi•Ethiopia: Ethiopian Seed Company (Parastatal)
•Tanzania: ASA- Agricultural seed agency
Capacity buildingCapacity building
Participants
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009Total
ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC ARI PC
Technicians 25 - 40 181 30 391 60 653 30 50 52 1 502
Farmers - - - 675 - 1587 80 4134 1296 7 772
Women - - - 260 - 823 30 1970 346 3 429
Processors - - - - - - 20 76 20 96
- Devlpt of appropriate seed strategies in each c-try:
Conv. and Alt. seed strateg. – QDS, CBSS (Promotion of Certified seed,
Controlled Seed, SAQ, integrating farmers’ endigenous knowledg,e etc)
Devlpt / Reinforct of Seed Boards (Regulations, Variety release, Catalogues of varieties, Advocacy role for access to credit, Installation of input shops, etc)
Future Prospects
- Capacity building:
Support to seed prod. (Breeder + Foundation)
Regional Training Center - Training of Inspectors +
Controllers- Training of Technicians + Seed
Producers
Future Prospects
Decentralization of seed certification- Training of AT and QCF- Support to the devlpt of decentralized
seed lab.
Devlpt of marketing and information delivery syst.
- Establishment of Cyber-Seed Centers- Promotion of quality labels- Collect and Dissem. of information on:
.... Field dimensions, Productions, Quality, etc .... Farmers’ needs (Inputs,….)
…. Prices, Traceability
Future Prospects
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