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Renewable Energy Sources-Heat/Cool (RES-H/C) from peasant forestry in Northern and
Northeastern Thailand
Koichiro KOIKE
Shimane Univ. JAPAN
2
Biomass potential over the World
Land Use in N+NE Thai
Around Mae salong
Secondary, bamboo
Roadside
Soil -> Income
Non wood, Bamboo shoot and?
Extension facility
Farmer’s KnowledgeBio Gas, How is Charcoal
Coppice+Charcoal
Traditional Earth Kiln
-1960
Common in JAPAN
Clay and Rocks on sight
Farmers apply coppice
regeneration to Quercus et al.
The most importand product in
Mountain region.
Utilizations of solar energy
direct solar panelHeat
indirect Atmospheric General Circulation.⇒Hydro, Wind Power
direct PhotovoltaicLight
indirect Biomass⇒ EnergyMaterial
Food, Fodder
EU 2020 Which Renewable Energy?
Biomass(heat)
42%
Biomass(E+L)
19%
Wind14%
Hydro12%
Ocean0%
Photovoltac5%
Soler_Heat(E)
1%
Geothermal3%
Solar_Heat4%
Success Stories in EU member countries
EU countries, Specially, Finland, Sweden and Austria have attained outstanding reduction of their carbon emission by biomass use.
Now their share is more than 20 percent in Finland and Sweden, and in Austria around 1/8 of their total primary energy. This reduction has promoted not by their central government but by Local Authorities.
Sweden is famous for de-centralized administration system. Their municipalities are very conscious to environmental issues. And there are several cooperative of forest owners with strong intention to sell woody biofuels.
A Good example – EUHeat =Cool
• Europe Union has succeeded to increase biomass use mainly as heat. In thermodynamics science, cool is quite similar to heat as value of energy.
• Heat use by boilers is a completely proven technology and heat is easily converted into cool by absorption/adsorption chillers.
10% from BM - Impossible for EU
• EU had once made their target to attain 10％of their liquid fuel from renewables i.e.biomass
• But, they had reduced their target because , it means more import of various biomass from Brazil and other countries. Never correspond to farmers income.
20
Ethanol from wood , complicated , so expensive
・District Heating (Mainly for Heat, with accompanying generation)
［Wet wood chip］
・Bloc Heating（Heat Only） ［Dry wood chip or pellet］
・Industrial Saw mill, Food Processing et al［Dry wood chip/pellet］
Public service (School, Hospital,
・One family House［Pellet only］
Farmers’ House［Dry wood chip］
Utilization of Biomass in EU countries
Huge District Heating Plant
Conversion from Oil to Wood chip
Wood chip
Oil
22.3
4.3
0.8
2.2
0.0
1.3
0.0
6.0
0.0
2.6
1.3
4.7
1.1
3.0
0.0
12.0
0.0
1.7
1.3
5.2
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
1 2
Others
Peat
Biomass
Waste Heat
Munisipa Solid waste
Natural Gas
Heat Pump
Electricity
Coal
Oil
Various Renewables
Swedish boiler for Biomass
Mid Size, A Boiler in a Vilege
Increasing capacity of automatic boilers in Austria
00
01
01
02
02
03
03
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
Gig
a w
at
year
Pelette
-100Kw
100Kw-1Mw
1Mw+
Demand for wood energy over time, Styria1970: 1,3 Mcbm; 2010: 3,5 Mcbm
Combined
Heat and electricity
Wood CHIP
Fire wood
28
Name: Heinz Kopetz
From: Vienna, Austria ×Styria,Austria
Organisation: European Biomass Association,
Austrian Biomass Association
Special interest/knowledge in the bioenergy area:
The efficient use of biomass in the heating and
electricity sectors. Three decades of experience in the field
developing biomass as an energy carrier by developing
information and training campaigns as well as government
programmes to promote bioenergy in the fields of heat,
electricity and transportation fuels.
• Energy from Biomass (April 1985)Agriculture as energy supplier
What is Biomass?
Ethanol from crops.
• Huge heat market
Task for farmers and their organization
• Initiative with entrepreneurship is important
Circulation of carbon, missing link
Challenge in1980’s
With Tractor, less expensive
Boiler Inside
35
1,2,3 Lock hopper
4 Screw
5 Motor
6 Combustion chamber
7 ,8 Air flap control
9,10 Ash screw
11 Ash box
12 Heat exchanger
13 Draft fan
14 CPU
15 display(touch panel
Total system of a small chip boiler
36
Buffer tank + Boiler, efficient system
37
Main boiler Aux. Boiler
Buffer tank
Heating equipments
Solar Heat
Tap water
Heat excanger
Heat exchanger
Displayed in Android, iPhone
Contracting<District Heating
Monsoon Asia is Hot and Cold
44 provinces "cold disaster" zone
12 Jan 2014 at 10.45
Hot as Jakarta, Cold as London(Temperature)
Jakarta
London
Tokyo
Heat demand
Electric boilers are inefficient way to
get hot water.
Usually, only cold water is available
from a washbowl.
For cooking,
Alternative concept
for the strategic expansion of bioenergy use
In rural Thailand
Absorptiion ChillerAdsorption Ciller
45
『Uni wave Mini＊２ M type』（Capacity 10kW）Size Length 1,340mm×
Width800mm×Height 1,150mm
Mid-Atlantic Clean Energy Application Center
Vegetables, Mushrooms
• There are huge opportunities for new agricultural market, i.e. temperatevegetables , mushrooms, and of course cold transportation chains, other than conventional air conditioning use.
Strawberry in hot country
The Royal Project
Strategy to develop bio-energy -Heat market
Substitution by Biofuel is promising in such countries.
The most effective way to use bio-fuel as substitute to fossil fuel is direct combustion with boilers. Other sophisticated way to use bio fuel is not yet developed. In these countries, Bio fuel is fired to produce hot water for families, municipalities and factories.
As for regional economy, these countries employ many people to produce, transport biofuel. Moreover, manufacturing of combustion equipment brings additional employment.
Cold Chain Village part
http://rfid.thingmagic.com/Portals/42741/images/co
ldchain2.jpg
International tourism
• Bangkok is one of the most visited cities in the world. Cheng mai, Phuket and other destinations follows
Chiang mai new shopping mall
Increasing Income will create new demand for vegetables.
www.efic.gov.au
Biofuels
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