Renewable Energy Sources-Heat/Cool (RES-H/C) from peasant forestry in Northern and

Northeastern Thailand

Koichiro KOIKE

Shimane Univ. JAPAN

2

Biomass potential over the World

Land Use in N+NE Thai

Around Mae salong

Secondary, bamboo

Roadside

Soil -> Income

Non wood, Bamboo shoot and?

Extension facility

Farmer’s KnowledgeBio Gas, How is Charcoal

Coppice+Charcoal

Traditional Earth Kiln

-1960

Common in JAPAN

Clay and Rocks on sight

Farmers apply coppice

regeneration to Quercus et al.

The most importand product in

Mountain region.

Utilizations of solar energy

direct solar panelHeat

indirect Atmospheric General Circulation.⇒Hydro, Wind Power

direct PhotovoltaicLight

indirect Biomass⇒ EnergyMaterial

Food, Fodder

EU 2020 Which Renewable Energy?

Biomass(heat)

42%

Biomass(E+L)

19%

Wind14%

Hydro12%

Ocean0%

Photovoltac5%

Soler_Heat(E)

1%

Geothermal3%

Solar_Heat4%

Success Stories in EU member countries

EU countries, Specially, Finland, Sweden and Austria have attained outstanding reduction of their carbon emission by biomass use.

Now their share is more than 20 percent in Finland and Sweden, and in Austria around 1/8 of their total primary energy. This reduction has promoted not by their central government but by Local Authorities.

Sweden is famous for de-centralized administration system. Their municipalities are very conscious to environmental issues. And there are several cooperative of forest owners with strong intention to sell woody biofuels.

A Good example – EUHeat =Cool

• Europe Union has succeeded to increase biomass use mainly as heat. In thermodynamics science, cool is quite similar to heat as value of energy.

• Heat use by boilers is a completely proven technology and heat is easily converted into cool by absorption/adsorption chillers.

10% from BM - Impossible for EU

• EU had once made their target to attain 10％of their liquid fuel from renewables i.e.biomass

• But, they had reduced their target because , it means more import of various biomass from Brazil and other countries. Never correspond to farmers income.

20

Ethanol from wood , complicated , so expensive

・District Heating (Mainly for Heat, with accompanying generation)

［Wet wood chip］

・Bloc Heating（Heat Only） ［Dry wood chip or pellet］

・Industrial Saw mill, Food Processing et al［Dry wood chip/pellet］

Public service (School, Hospital,

・One family House［Pellet only］

Farmers’ House［Dry wood chip］

Utilization of Biomass in EU countries

Huge District Heating Plant

Conversion from Oil to Wood chip

Wood chip

Oil

22.3

4.3

0.8

2.2

0.0

1.3

0.0

6.0

0.0

2.6

1.3

4.7

1.1

3.0

0.0

12.0

0.0

1.7

1.3

5.2

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

1 2

Others

Peat

Biomass

Waste Heat

Munisipa Solid waste

Natural Gas

Heat Pump

Electricity

Coal

Oil

Various Renewables

Swedish boiler for Biomass

Mid Size, A Boiler in a Vilege

Increasing capacity of automatic boilers in Austria

00

01

01

02

02

03

03

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Gig

a w

at

year

Pelette

-100Kw

100Kw-1Mw

1Mw+

Demand for wood energy over time, Styria1970: 1,3 Mcbm; 2010: 3,5 Mcbm

Combined

Heat and electricity

Wood CHIP

Fire wood

28

Name: Heinz Kopetz

From: Vienna, Austria ×Styria,Austria

Organisation: European Biomass Association,

Austrian Biomass Association

Special interest/knowledge in the bioenergy area:

The efficient use of biomass in the heating and

electricity sectors. Three decades of experience in the field

developing biomass as an energy carrier by developing

information and training campaigns as well as government

programmes to promote bioenergy in the fields of heat,

electricity and transportation fuels.

• Energy from Biomass (April 1985)Agriculture as energy supplier

What is Biomass?

Ethanol from crops.

• Huge heat market

Task for farmers and their organization

• Initiative with entrepreneurship is important

Circulation of carbon, missing link

Challenge in1980’s

With Tractor, less expensive

Boiler Inside

35

1,2,3 Lock hopper

4 Screw

5 Motor

6 Combustion chamber

7 ,8 Air flap control

9,10 Ash screw

11 Ash box

12 Heat exchanger

13 Draft fan

14 CPU

15 display(touch panel

Total system of a small chip boiler

36

Buffer tank + Boiler, efficient system

37

Main boiler Aux. Boiler

Buffer tank

Heating equipments

Solar Heat

Tap water

Heat excanger

Heat exchanger

Displayed in Android, iPhone

Contracting<District Heating

Monsoon Asia is Hot and Cold

44 provinces "cold disaster" zone

12 Jan 2014 at 10.45

Hot as Jakarta, Cold as London(Temperature)

Jakarta

London

Tokyo

Heat demand

Electric boilers are inefficient way to

get hot water.

Usually, only cold water is available

from a washbowl.

For cooking,

Alternative concept

for the strategic expansion of bioenergy use

In rural Thailand

Absorptiion ChillerAdsorption Ciller

45

『Uni wave Mini＊２ M type』（Capacity 10kW）Size Length 1,340mm×

Width800mm×Height 1,150mm

Mid-Atlantic Clean Energy Application Center

Vegetables, Mushrooms

• There are huge opportunities for new agricultural market, i.e. temperatevegetables , mushrooms, and of course cold transportation chains, other than conventional air conditioning use.

Strawberry in hot country

The Royal Project

Strategy to develop bio-energy -Heat market

Substitution by Biofuel is promising in such countries.

The most effective way to use bio-fuel as substitute to fossil fuel is direct combustion with boilers. Other sophisticated way to use bio fuel is not yet developed. In these countries, Bio fuel is fired to produce hot water for families, municipalities and factories.

As for regional economy, these countries employ many people to produce, transport biofuel. Moreover, manufacturing of combustion equipment brings additional employment.

Cold Chain Village part

http://rfid.thingmagic.com/Portals/42741/images/co

ldchain2.jpg

International tourism

• Bangkok is one of the most visited cities in the world. Cheng mai, Phuket and other destinations follows

Chiang mai new shopping mall

Increasing Income will create new demand for vegetables.

www.efic.gov.au

Biofuels