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Psychological DisordersPsychological Disorders
Psychology 1107Psychology 1107
Why study disorders?Why study disorders?
Disorders are pretty pervasive 400 million people worldwide Schizophrenia and depression are culture free
Help us understand normal folks Maybe disordered have too much or too little
of something They are sick, HELP THEM!
Disorders are pretty pervasive 400 million people worldwide Schizophrenia and depression are culture free
Help us understand normal folks Maybe disordered have too much or too little
of something They are sick, HELP THEM!
What is a disorderWhat is a disorder
To understand and study disorders we must first define what disordered means Atypical Disturbing Maladaptive Unjustifiable
Varies culturally Varies temporally Harm is the key really
To understand and study disorders we must first define what disordered means Atypical Disturbing Maladaptive Unjustifiable
Varies culturally Varies temporally Harm is the key really
Where do disorders come from?Where do disorders come from?
Evil! Remove blood, hair
teeth, that ought to take care of it….
Drill a hole in the skull….
Evil! Remove blood, hair
teeth, that ought to take care of it….
Drill a hole in the skull….
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Medical PerspectiveMedical Perspective
Pinel realized it wasn’t demons Stressors, inhumane treatment Syphilis Still a pretty popular idea Brain problems Schizophrenia and depression are treated
with drugs
Pinel realized it wasn’t demons Stressors, inhumane treatment Syphilis Still a pretty popular idea Brain problems Schizophrenia and depression are treated
with drugs
Bio Psycho Social PerspectiveBio Psycho Social Perspective
Interaction of nature and nurture While schizophrenia and depression are
universal, others are not So say anxiety may lead to one disorder in
one place and one in another Pretty popular approach nowadays
Interaction of nature and nurture While schizophrenia and depression are
universal, others are not So say anxiety may lead to one disorder in
one place and one in another Pretty popular approach nowadays
ClassifyClassify
Have to know the overall characteristics of a disorder
DSM Doesn’t please everyone Doesn’t talk about causes Neurotic vs. psychotic disorders
Have to know the overall characteristics of a disorder
DSM Doesn’t please everyone Doesn’t talk about causes Neurotic vs. psychotic disorders
DSMDSM
Many categories Properly used the DSM is valid and
reliable Critics say it is just labeling Rosenhan (1973) More and more people seem to
understand the idea of it being more like sickness
Many categories Properly used the DSM is valid and
reliable Critics say it is just labeling Rosenhan (1973) More and more people seem to
understand the idea of it being more like sickness
A warning…A warning…
This system is for trained professionals
Please do not try this at home…
This system is for trained professionals
Please do not try this at home…
Anxiety disordersAnxiety disorders
Generalized anxiety disorders, phobias, OCD
GAD is also known as ‘free floating anxiety’
Cam escalate into a panic attack Scary Avoid situations agoraphobia
Generalized anxiety disorders, phobias, OCD
GAD is also known as ‘free floating anxiety’
Cam escalate into a panic attack Scary Avoid situations agoraphobia
PhobiasPhobias
Anxiety is focused on some object or situation
Can be incapacitating Easily treated
More on that in another lecture….
Anxiety is focused on some object or situation
Can be incapacitating Easily treated
More on that in another lecture….
Obsessive Compulsive DisorderObsessive Compulsive Disorder
Many of us can see a bit of OCD in ourselves
When it interferes with daily life, that is when it becomes a problem
So where do OCD and GAD come from? Learning Evolutionary explanations
Many of us can see a bit of OCD in ourselves
When it interferes with daily life, that is when it becomes a problem
So where do OCD and GAD come from? Learning Evolutionary explanations
Dissociaciative disordersDissociaciative disorders
Amnesia Fugue Dissociative Identity Disorder (MPD) Only in America…. May not really even exist
Amnesia Fugue Dissociative Identity Disorder (MPD) Only in America…. May not really even exist
Mood disordersMood disorders
We all have bad days, but not like this Major depressive disorder involves
Lethargy Loss of interest in everything Feelings of worthlessness Not just being sad Dysthimic disorder is a minor version
We all have bad days, but not like this Major depressive disorder involves
Lethargy Loss of interest in everything Feelings of worthlessness Not just being sad Dysthimic disorder is a minor version
Bipolar disorderBipolar disorder
From depression to mania Grandiose optimism Too much esteem No sex differences
From depression to mania Grandiose optimism Too much esteem No sex differences
Some key depressing facts..Some key depressing facts..
Cognitive changes Depression is widespread Sex differences Usually short lived Stressful events before onset Rate increasing, age of onset decreasing
Cognitive changes Depression is widespread Sex differences Usually short lived Stressful events before onset Rate increasing, age of onset decreasing
BiologyBiology
Clear genetic effects NE and 5Ht correlate with mood Most drugs that are effective operate on
these systems
Clear genetic effects NE and 5Ht correlate with mood Most drugs that are effective operate on
these systems
Social cognitive approachSocial cognitive approach
Self defeating moods and thoughts Thoughts feed moods Moods feed thoughts Aww what’s the use….
Self defeating moods and thoughts Thoughts feed moods Moods feed thoughts Aww what’s the use….
SchizophreniaSchizophrenia
IS NOT MULTIPLE PERSONALITY DISORDER
It is disordered thinking It is distorted perceptions It is inappropriate emotins and actions Can be chronic or acute
IS NOT MULTIPLE PERSONALITY DISORDER
It is disordered thinking It is distorted perceptions It is inappropriate emotins and actions Can be chronic or acute
TypesTypes
Positive and negative symptoms Paranoid Disorganized Catatonic undifferentiated
Positive and negative symptoms Paranoid Disorganized Catatonic undifferentiated
Why?Why?
Not social Genetic Biological Dopamine is the key
Not social Genetic Biological Dopamine is the key
Personality disordersPersonality disorders
Debilitating personality, not just annoying Borderline Narcissistic Histrionic Antisocial
Psychopath or sociopath
Debilitating personality, not just annoying Borderline Narcissistic Histrionic Antisocial
Psychopath or sociopath
RatesRates
About 30 % of people have had a disorder, about 20 % have one right now
Remember this includes phobias, drug problems
Two times higher under the poverty line Something has to be done
About 30 % of people have had a disorder, about 20 % have one right now
Remember this includes phobias, drug problems
Two times higher under the poverty line Something has to be done
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