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mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== NLT=
oefW=CMOTN==
poil solution composition under Brachiaria plots irrigated with treated sewage and mineral fertilizer
oogério Teixeira de cariaI dilãar lliveira pantosI dilberto Aéarecido oodrigues and dustaJvo aonalonso pão maulo ptate rniversiteI sia de Acesso mrof. maulo aonato CastellaneI 14UU4JV00 gaboticabalI pmI Brazil
Abstract
qhere=is=a=need=tç=quantify=the=éçsitive=and=negative=effects=çf=waste=water=tç=ratiçnalJize= the=use=çf= these=ãaterials=as=agricultural= inéut=with=the= lçwest=envirçnãental= riskK=qhis=study=aiãed=tç=evaluate=the=cheãical=cçãéçsitiçn=çf=the=sçilI=at=different=deéthsI=in=an=exéerJiãental= area= in= gabçticabalI= pmI= BrazilI= with= grçwing= Brachiaria= brizanthaI= fertigated= with=treated=sewage=effluent=EqpbF=and=ãineral=fertilizerK=qhree=treatãents=were=established=by=a=triéle= line=sçurce=sérinkler=systeã=tç=aéély=unifçrã=water=deéth=with=gradual=distributiçn=çf=qpb=at=rates=çf=bO=Z=NKMI=bN=Z=MKSI=and=bM=Z=MKMK=qhe=treatãent=bM=was=taken=as=a=cçntrçlI=in=which= was= aéélied= NM= kg= k= haJ= N=éer= tçn= çf= harvest= fçrageK= =certigatiçn= schedule= fçllçwed=whether=a=nutritiçnal=criteriçnI= in=which=the=aãçunt=çf=nitrçgen=exéçrted=by=the=fçrage=érçJduced=in=treatãent=bP=was=reélacedI=çr=the=crçé=water=deãand=calculated=by=cAlRS=ãethJçdI=whichever=was=higherK=qhe=annual= fertigatiçn=deéth=was=NITSM=ãã=using=effluent=with=ãean=annual=k=cçncentratiçn=çf=R4KU=ãg=iJNI=which=érçvided=k=suéélies=tç=the=crçé=çf=VPN=and=RSPI=kg=haJN=fçr=bO=and=bNI==reséectivelyK=bM=was=fertilized=with=RRO=kg=k=haJN=using=ureaK=qhe=analysis=çf=the=saãéles=cçllected=ué=tç=çne=ãeter=shçwed=that=ée=was=steady=thrçugh=the=year=but=electrical=cçnductivity= increased=with=qpb=aéélicatiçnI=which=alsç=affected= içn=cçncentratiçnsI=such=as=increasing=CaHO==and=jgHO=and=kaHNK==fn=séite=çf=high=sçdiuã=cçntent=in= high= qpb=aéélicatiçns= ERR= ãg= iJNFI= there= is= lçw= tç= ãediuã=éçtential= fçr= sçil= salinizatiçn=EpAo=frçã=V=tç=NUF=due=tç=high=cçncentratiçns=çf=CaHO=and=jgHOK=qhe=cçncentratiçn=çf=nitrçJgen=increased=as=qpb=aéélicatiçn=dçses=increasedI=but=cçncentratiçn=was=still=lçw=tç=take=a=risk=çf=cçntaãinatiçn=çf=grçundwater=by=the=nutrientK=qhe=cçnclusiçn=was=that=qpb=aéélicaJtiçn=cause=lçw=iãéact=çn=sçil=sçlutiçn=under=cultivatiçn=çf=BrachiariaK===
heywordsW tastewaterI water reuseI irrigation
1 fntroduction
qhe= reductiçn=çf= water=availability=due= tç= the= cçãéetitive=use=çf= the=water= resçurces=and=high=cçsts=with=cheãical=fertilizers=ãake=advantageçus=the=aéélicatiçn=çf=the=waste=waJter=by=fertigatiçnK=fn=generalI=wastewater=cçntains=high=cçncentratiçns=çf=ãacrçnutrients=and=ãicrçnutrients=and= its=aéélicatiçn= in= the= fçrã=çf= fertigatiçn=can=suéély=the=ãajçr=nutritiçnal=needs=çf= crçésI= reduce=cçsts=and=ãitigate= fertilizer= cçntaãinatiçn= tç=water=bçdiesK=qhe= inJcrease=and=cçncentratiçn=çf=éçéulatiçn=in=urban=area=had=increased=significantly=the=vçluãe=çf=sewage=waterK=qhe=agrçnçãic=use=çf=qpb=requires=aéérçériate=éractices=fçr=treatãent=and=diséçsal=in=the=envirçnãentI=due=tç=high=cçncentratiçns=çf=dissçlved=içnsI=such=as=sçdiuãI=chlçride=and=bçrçnI=as=well=as=éathçgens=EAndrade=cilhç=et=alK=I=OMNPFK=qhe=ée=and=electrical=cçnductivity=çf=the=sçil=sçlutiçn=are=a=raéid=indicative=çf= the=degree=çf=acidity=çr=alkalinity=çr=cçncentratiçn=çf=ãineral=salts=in=the=sçilK=qhusI=this=study=evaluated=the=effect=çf=the=diséçsal=
==
mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== OLT=
çf=treated=sewage=effluent=and=ãineral=fertilizatiçn=çn=the=cheãical=cçãéçsitiçn=çf=sçil=sçluJtiçn=at=different=deéths=in=an=area=with=grçwing=BrachiariaKI=in=a=subtrçéical=huãid=cliãateK==
2 Materials and methods
qhe=exéeriãent=was=cçnducted=during=OMNP=in=the=paç=maulç=ptate=rniversity=EcCAsJrkbpmFI=in=gabçticabalI=pmI=Brazil=Elatitude=ON°N4’4NIV”p=and=lçngitude=4U°NS’ORKO”tFK=qhe=area=has=a=subtrçéical=huãid=cliãateI=with=ãean=annual=teãéerature=çf==OOKO°CI==annual=éreJciéitatiçn=çf=NI4OR=ãã=and=excess=éreciéitatiçn=çver=evaéçtranséiratiçn=frçã=RS=tç=4MM=ãã=yearJN==Eolifj=et=alKI=OMMTFK=qhe=sçil=is=a=butrçéhic=lxisçl=with=high=clay=cçntent=ESMBFI=deeé=érçfile=E>O=ãF=and=high=infiltratiçn=rate=E>OM=ãã=hJNFK=qreated=sewage=effluent=frçã=a=nearby=ãuniciéal=sewage=treatãent=statiçn=was=éuãéed=tç=the=exéeriãental=areaI=in=cCAsJrkbpmI=tç=be=aéélied=çn=NO=exéeriãental=élçts=çf=N4K4=ãO=EOK4=ã=x=S=ãFI=cultivated=with=Brachiaria
brizantha iKI=CvK=jarandu Ecigure=NFK=A=triéle=line=sçurce=sérinkler=systeã=was=used=tç=aéély=unifçrã=irrigatiçn=deéthI=but=with=gradual=distributiçn=çf=qpb=at=rates=çf=bO=Z=NKMI=bN=Z=MKSI=and=bM=Z=MKMK=qhe=treatãent=bM=was=taken=as=a=cçntrçlI=in=which=NM=kg=k=haJN=éer=tçn=çf=harJvest=fçrage=were=aééliedK==certigatiçn=schedule=fçllçwed=whether=a=nutritiçnal=criteriçn=çr=the=crçé=water=deãandK=qhe=nutritiçnal=criteriçn=was=taken=accçrding= tç=silela=et=alK= ENVVUFI= in=which=the=aãçunts=çf=kI=m=and=h=exéçrted=by=the=fçrage=érçduced=in=treatãent=bN=were=reJélacedK=qpb=was=aéélied=tç=suéély=the=aãçunt=çf=k=required=in=bNI=in=additiçn=tç=ãineral=m=and=h=aéélied=in=all=treatãentsK=Additiçnal=irrigatiçn=was=aéélied=if=crçé=deãandI=as=given=by=cAlRS=ãethçd= EAllen=et=alKI=NVVUFI=was=nçt=yet=attendedK=bffluent=saãéles=were= cçllected=ãçnthly= tç=deterãine=nitrçgen=cçncentratiçnK=aue= tç= lçw=m=and=h=cçntents= in=qpbI=during=OMNPI=NRP=kg=haJN=çf=m=and=4PO=kg=haJN=çf=h=were=aéélied=in=all=treatãentsI=besides=4RR=kg=haJ
N=çf=ãineral=k=aéélied=in=bMK=pçil=sçlutiçn=saturated=electric=cçnductivity=and=ée=were=ãeasJured=ãçnthly=by=a=éçrtable=cçnductiviãeter=and=éeagaãeter=frçã=extracts=çf=msC=tubes=with==ceraãic=cués=installed=at=deéths=çf=NRI=PMI=RRI=UR=e=NMM=cãI=fçur=tiães=reélicatedK==pçil=sçluJtiçns=frçã=NMI=RR=and=NMM=cã=deéths=were=cçllected=tç=analyse=kI=CaI=jg=and=ka=in=cCAsJrnesé=labK
K=
3 oesults and discussion
auring=OMNPI=accuãulated=evaéçtranséiratiçn=was=NIPVR=ããI=annual=éreciéitatiçn=was=NIRNT=ãã=and=accuãulated=irrigatiçn=deéth=was=NITSM=ããK=qhe=excess=was=a=cçnsequence=çf= the=nutritiçnal=criteriaI=ãçstly=during=rainy=éeriçdsI=when= irrigatiçn=was=aéélied= tç=suéély=crçé=deãand=fçr=nutrientsK=qhe=effluent=éresented=high=cçncentratiçn=çf=k=ER4KU–UKV=ãg=iJNFI=in=which=NJNeP was=the=ãajçr=cçãéçnent EPR,M±NN,Q ãg=iJNF I=lçw=cçncentratiçn=çf=m=EMKV–MKO=ãg=iJNF=and=ãediuã=cçncentratiçn=çf=h=ENSKS–NKR=ãg=iJNF=Eqable=NFK==fn=additiçnI=qpb=analyJsis=shçwed=neutral=ée=ETKO–MKOF=and=ãediuã=salinity=EpAo=Z=OUKT–NOKOFI=as=a=result=çf=high=cçncentratiçns=çf=CaI=jg=and=ka=EN4KM–NKOI=RKM–MKU=e=R4KU–TKNI=reséectivelyFK=Accçrding=tç=the=irrigatiçn=criteriçnI=the=aãçunt=qpb=aéélied=in=treatãent=bO=Eeffluent=withçut=ãixing=waJterF=ãade=available=the=fçllçwing=nutrient=aãçunts=in=kg=haJNW=VPNI=PNI=NURI=NR4I=RNI=SNR=de=kI=mI=hI=CaI=jgI=kaI=reséectivelyK=qhe=treatãent=bN=received=SMB=çf=thçse=aãçuntsI=tçgethJer=with=ãix=çf=4MB=çf=waterI=and=bM=had=nç=effluentI=çnly=waterI=andI=therefçreI=nç=nutrients=frçã=effluentK==qhe=results=çf=the=sçil=sçlutiçn=analysis=shçwed=that=the=éredçãinant=fçrã=çf=k=was=nitrateK=kitrate=and=tçtal=k=cçncentratiçns=were=higher=fçr=all=deéths=in=treatãent=bOI=as=cçãéared=with=bN=and=bMI=which=had=bçth=siãilar=cçncentratiçns=Eqable=OFK==qhe=cçncentraJtiçns=çf=k=increased=frçã=the=tçé=tç=the=bçttçã=çf=the=sçil=érçfileI=indicating=nutrient=extractiçn=by=the=crçé=in=shallçw=deéths=andLçr=leaching=frçã=tçé=tç=the=bçttçãK=mintç=et=alK=EOMNPF=evalJuated=cçncentratiçns=çf=nitrateI=nitrite=and=aããçnia= in= the=sçlutiçn=çf=qpb=fertilized=sçil=at=deéths=çf=MKOR=tç=MKRM=cã=and=fçund=that=the=ãaxiãuã=cçncentratiçns=achieved=in=bçth=layJers=were=ST=ãg=iJN=çf=nitrateI=MI=MP=ãg=iJN=çf=nitrite=and=MKUN4=ãg=iJN=aããçniaI=cçncluding=that=éercçlate=had=lçw=risk=tç=grçundwaterK=fn=additiçnI=the=results=éresented=çn=qable=O=reJveal=increased=cçncentratiçns=çf=CaI=jgI=and=ka=fçr=the=whçle=érçfile=in=treatãents=with=qpb=aéélicatiçns=EbO=and=bNFI=as=cçãéared=tç=the=treatãent=with=ãineral=fertilizer=EbMFK=Calciuã=
==
mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== PLT=
cçncentratiçns=were=siãilar=in=treatãents=bO=and=bNI=varying=frçã=NR=tç=OM=ãg=iJNI=cçãéared=tç=R=tç=NO=ãg=iJN=in=bMK==jagnesiuã=was=alsç=higher=in=bN=and=bO=E4=tç=S=ãg=iJNFI=cçãéared=tç =bM =EO =ãg =iJNFI= but= cçncentratiçns=decreased= frçã= the= tçé= tç= the=bçttçã= layers= in= treatJãents=receiving=qpbK=pçdiuã=was=higher=in=bOI=decreasing=frçã=RS==ãg=iJN=at=NM=cã=deéth=tç=4M==ãg=iJN=at=NMM=cãK=qreatãent=bN=had=interãediary=ka=cçncentratiçnsI=varying=frçã=44=PT=ãg=iJN=frçã=the=tçé=tç=the=bçttçã=layerK=cinallyI=ka=was=lçwest=and=unifçrã=alçng=sçil=érçJfile=çf= treatãent=bMI=at=cçncentratiçns=abçut=U=ãg=iJNK=As=a=cçnsequence=çf= increasing=CaI=jg=and=kaI=sçdiuã=adsçrétiçn=ratiç=was=high=ENO=tç=NV=ããçlNLO=L−NLOF=in=bOI=ãediuã=in=bN=EV=tç=NP=ããçlNLO=L−NLOF=and=lçw=in=bM=EP=tç=4=ããçlNLO=L−NLOFK=qhe=analysis=çf=the=ée=in=the=sçil=sçJlutiçn=during=callJwinter= revealed= that=qpb=and=ãineral=k= fertilizer= aéélicatiçns= resulted= in=alkaline=cçnditiçn=in=the=surface=layersI=ué=tç=RR=cã=deéth=fçr=effluent=treatãents=and=PM=cã=fçr=treatãent=with=ãineral=fertilizer=Ecigure=OaFK=piãilar=results=were=fçund=fçr=ée=in=all=three=treatãents=Ecigure=OFK=auring=fallJwinterI=ée=was=alkaline=frçã=surface=ué=tç=RM=cã=and=acid=fçr=the=reãaining=layersK=auring=séring=and=suããerI=ée=was=acid=and=decreased=frçã=surJface=tç=the=bçttçã=çf=the=érçfile=Ecigures=Oa=and=ObFK=qhe=tiãe=effect=çn=ée=can=be=attributed=tç=the=rainfall=regiãe=çf=the=regiçnI= in=which=the=lçwer=éreciéitatiçns=during=fallJwinterI=cçãJéared=tç=séring=and=suããerI=causes=less=içn=leachingK==pilva=et=alK=EOMNOF=evaluated=the=ée=çf=the=sçil=sçlutiçn=under=rainfed=cçnditiçns=and=çbtained=a=significant=difference=in=a=functiçn=çf=extractiçn=tiãe=Edry=and=wetFI=and=deéth=dçses=çf=wastewater=frçã=cattleK=qhe=saturated=electrical=cçnductivity=fçr=all= treatãents=was=higher= in=suããerI=fçllçwed=by= lçwer=values= in=séring=and=in=fallJwinter=Ecigure=PFK=qhis=can=be=attributed=tç=higher=qpb=and=fertilizer=aéélicaJtiçns=during=suããerI=in=çrder=tç=suéély=elevated=crçé=nutritiçnal=requireãents=as=a=result=çf=high=yieldK=auring=the=three=éeriçdsI=bCs=was=increased=in=treatãents=with=aélicatiçns=çf=qpb=EbO=and=bNF=and=lçwest=in=the=treatãent=withçut=qpb=EbMFK=qhe=higher=electrical=cçnductivity=in=the=sçil=sçlutiçn=in=bN=and=bO=is=related=tç=the=aéélicatiçn=çf=qpb=with=high=cçncentratiçns=çf=içns=such=as=sçdiuãI=éçtassiuãI=calciuã=and=ãagnesiuãK=qhe=lçwest=electrical=cçnductivJity=in=the=treatãent=bM=is=a=functiçn=çf=fertilizer=aéélicatiçnI=cçãéçsed=çnly=by=kmhI=resulting=tç=a=lesser=cçncentratiçn=çf=saltsK=aeséite=the=higher=bCs=in=treatãent=bOI=the=values=were=belçw=levels=cçnsidered=criticalI=indicating=that=the=aéélicatiçn=çf=qpb=éresents=nç=risk=çf=sçil=salinizatiçnK==
=K==
4 Conclusions
qpb=aéélicatiçns=with=high=nitrçgenI=ãediuã=salinity=and=high=sçdicityI=fçr=çne=year=in=gabçticabalI=pmI=as=cçãéared=with=treatãent=with=ãineral=fertilizer=had=the=fçllçwing=effects=çn=sçil=sçlutiçnW==
J=kç=change=in=éeI=higher=electrical=cçnductivity=in=treatãents=with=qpbI=but=at= levels=belçw=the=critical;==
J=qreatãents=with=aéélicatiçn=çf=qpb=had=higher=cçncentratiçns=çf=sçdiuãI=calciuã=and=ãagnesiuãI=resulting=çn=higher=sçdiuã=adsçrétiçn=ratiçI=but=belçw=the=critical=level;=
J= qhe= cçncentratiçn= çf= nitrçgen= increased= as= qpb= aéélicatiçn= dçses= increasedI= but=cçncentratiçn=was=still=lçw=tç=take=a=risk=çf=cçntaãinatiçn=çf=grçundwater=by=the=nutrientK=
==
R Acknowledgements
qç=cundaçãç=de=Aãéarç=a=mesquisa=dç=bstadç=de=pãç=maulç=EcaéeséF=fçr=the=érçject=grant=and=schçlarshié=fçr=graduate=studentsK==
6 oeferences
AllenI=oKdKI=mereiraI=iKpKI=oaesI=aKI=pãithK=jK=ENVVUFK=Crçé=evaéçtranséiratiçnK=EcAl=frrigatiJçn=maéer=RSFK=oçãeW=cAlI=PMNéK==
==
mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== 4LT=
=Andrade=filhçI=gKI=pçusa=ketçI=lK=kK=aeI=aiasI=kK=da=pKI=kasciãentçI=fK=BKI=jedeirçsI=gK=cK=de;=CçsãeI= CK= oK= EOMNPFK= Cheãical= érçéerties= çf= sçil= fertigated= with= urban= sewage= in= the=seãiarid=brazilian=regiçnK=frrigaI=NU=E4FI=SSNJST4K===mintçI= jK= CK= hKI= CruzI= oK= iKI= crigçI= bK= mKI= crigçI= jK= pKI= eerãesI= b= EOMNPFK= kitrçgen=grçundwater=cçntaãinatiçn= cçnsequential=çf= irrigatiçn=with=effluent= frçã=sewage=treatãentK=frrigaI=NUEOFI=OTMJOUNK== oçliãI=dK=pKI=CaãargçI=jK=BK=mK;=ianiaI=aK=dKI=jçraesI=gK=cK=iK=EOMMTFK=Cliãatic=classificatiçn=çf= höééen= and= qhçrnthwaite= sisteãs= and= their= aéélicability= in= the= deterãinatiçn= çf=agrçcliãatic=zçnning=fçr=the=state=çf=pãç=maulçI=BrazilK=BragantiaI=SS=E4FI=TNNJTOMK==pilvaI=gK=BK=dKI=jartinezI=jK=AKI=miresI=CK=pKI=AndradeI=fK=mK=de=pKI=pfisAI=dK=qK=daK=EOMNOFK=bvaluatiçn= çf= electrical= cçnductivity= and= éh= in= the= sçil= sçlutiçn= in= an= area= fertigated= with=wastewater=frçã=dairy=cattleK=frrigaI=péecial=bditiçnI=ORMJOSPK==silelaI= iKI= pçaresI= tK= sKI= pçusaI= aK= jK= dK= aeI= jacedçI= jK= CK= jK= ENVVUFK= Calageã= e=adubaçãç=éara=éastagens=na=regiãç=dç=cerradç=ECircular=qécnica=PTFK=mlanaltinaW=bãbraéa=CerradçI=NSéK===
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cigureNK=bxéeriãental=scheãe=shçwing=triéle=line=sçurce=sérinkler=systeã=tç=distribute=gradual=rates=çf=treated=sewage=effluent=and=waterI=accçrding=tç=treatãentsK=====
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mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== RLT=
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mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== SLT=
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==========================================cF=puããer=
==
cigure=PK=K=paturated=electric=cçnductivity=in=sçil=sçlutiçn=fçr=treatãents=and=deéthsI=during=fallJwinter=EaFI=séring=EbF=and=suããer=EcF=in=OMN4K=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6De
pth
(cm
)ECs (dS m-1)
E2
E1
E0
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
Dept
h (c
m)
ECs (dS m-1)
E2
E1
E0
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
Dept
h (c
m)
ECs (dS m-1)
E2
E1
E0
==
mrçceedings=fnternatiçnal=Cçnference=çf=Agricultural=bngineeringI=wurichI=MSJNMKMTKOMN4=–=wwwKeuragengKeu==== TLT=
=
=
=Table N. Characteristics of treated sewage effluent from junicipal pewage Treatment ptation of gaboticabal, pm, during OMNPK
marameterG rnit jean ± pa marameterG rnit jean ± pa
pe J T,O±M,O anl mg iJN ORO,M±QP,P bC dp mJN M,QR±N,M aBl mg iJN Q9,M±NQ,T
TlT mg iJN PS,P±S,U Ca mg iJN NQ,M±N,O NJNlP mg iJN P,UU±M,Q jg mg iJN R,M±M,U NJNlO mg iJN M,MP±M,MO po mg iJN M,O±M,M NJNeP mg iJN PR,M±NN,Q cat mg iJN NMR,P±UO,Q Ntotal mg iJN RQ,M±U,9 pu mg iJN OM,9±N,O
Norganic mg iJN NS,U±U,T jn mg iJN M,N±M,N NtotalJh mg iJN RM,N±9,P wn mg iJN M,Q±M,Q cetotal mg iJN M,QO±M,N Na mg iJN RQ,U±T,N
h mg iJN NS,S±N,R pAo J OU,T±NO,O m mg iJN M,9±M,O CT Njm NMMJN ml N9KUST±N9KQOO bC Njm NMMJN ml OK9PP±OKTNN
GbC: electric conductivity; TlC: Total organic carbon, Ntotal: total nitrogen; NtotalJh: hjedahl N total; op: pedimentary residues; ld: cat; pu: pulfate; CT: Total coliforms; bC: bscherichia ColiK
=
=qabela=OK=Cheãical=cçãéçsitiçn=in=sçil=sçlutiçn=fçr=treatãents=and=deéthsK=
bleãent= rnit= aeéth=EcãF= bO= bN= bM=
k=tçtal=Eãg=iJNF=
ãg=
iJN=
NM= POKR= OOKU= OOKP=RR= PRKV= OOKT= ORKS=
NMM= 4MKV= OUKS= PMKS=
kJke4=NM= OKU= OK4= OKO=RR= PK4== OKU= OKU=
NMM= PKV= PK4= PKO=
kJklP=
NM= ONKV== N4KM= N4KM=RR= OPKV== NSKM= NSKM=
NMM= OTKV== NTKV= NVKV=
kJklO=NM= TKU= SKR= SKO=RR= UKR= PKV= TKM=
NMM= VKP= TKO4= TKR=
Ca=Eãg=iJNF=
NM= NUKT= NSKV= TKP=RR= NRKS= NVK4= UKN=
NMM= NVKP= N4KU= NPKM=
jg=Eãg=iJNF=
NM= RKV= RKU= OKP=RR= 4KN= SKO= OKN=
NMM= 4KN= PKR= OKS=
ka=Eãg=iJNF=
NM= SRKM= 4PKV= TKV=RR= RMKS= PPK4= TKT=
NMM= 4MKS= PTKM= TKR=
pAo=ããçlNLO=
L−NLO==NM= NUKR= NPKM= PKS=RR= NSKN= VKP= PK4=
NMM= NNKV= NOKO= OKT=
=
=
==
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