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Bio-refineries as a sustainable tool to
simultaneously address energy and food security: A
Jerusalem artichoke perspective
Introduction
The increase in population and income growth lead to competition for resources to meet food, water and energy security
The complex interactions among population growth, food, water and energy security further complicates efforts to curb climate change
Biorefining as a sustainable tool to food, water and energy security
Alternative/Renewable resources and valorisation methods are important to simultaneously curb climate change and meet the increasing food and energy demand
Biorefining offers an integrated solution to exploit biomass for food, feed and energy production
JA tubers are one such feedstock option for biorefining
JA is suitable due to good agronomic traits such as minimal water, fertiliser and pesticides requirements
Possible approaches to JA exploitation
Shortfalls to currently proposed approaches to JA exploitation
Stalk composed of lignocelluloic fibres which are highly recalcitrant
The use of tubers for ethanol production may be seen as a threat to food security
Currently there is no experimental data on integrated approaches for JA bio-refining
Justification for tubers as choice of feedstock
JA tubers have a higher yield/ha compared to leaves and stalks
Tubers have a more diverse composition of potential high-value components
Tubers are largely composed of inulin which is easily accessible compared to the LCF from the stalks
Tuber composition makes them a better candidate to simultaneously solve food, feed and energy security threats
JA-tubers biorefinery concept
Protein
extraction
Inulin
extraction
Protein
extractionInulin
extraction
Ethanol Ethanol
Objectives of the study
Integrate protein extraction into the conventional inulin extraction process,without compromising the yield and quality of both products
To valorize the protein-inulin extraction residues into bioethanol
Sequential and selective extraction
A three-step approach was adopted
Achieving selective extraction
Mechanical pressing
Protein extraction at room temp
Hot water inulin
extraction
48.2% Protein Yield
52% Protein yield
76%Inulin Yield
a
b
c
0
5
10
15
20
25
5 10 15
Act
ual
% Y
ield
Solid loading (w/v %)
inulin
protein
Differential solubility relative to temperature
Differential mass transfer relative to solids loading
Conceptual JA biorefinery
5 tonnes fresh tubers
(80% Moisture content)
Tuber
rasping
Solid
residue
(50%
fermentable
sugars)
Solvent
protein
extraction
Inulin
extraction
(Hot-water
diffusion)
Pressing
the mash
Tuber juice
28 Kg protein
14 kg inulin
Liquid fraction
18 Kg protein
Liquid fraction
469 kg of inulin
Biodiesel
SCP
Ethanol
Concluding remarks
Solvent-free protein extraction was essential for selective fractionation of proteins from inulin
Moreover, it is a significant component in minimizing water usage and waste water generation
JA based biorefinery has a potential to provide a food/feed and energy products
The biorefinery also has potential for socioeconomic development in rural economies due to the low inputs demand and skills requirement for JA cultivation
Q &A
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