Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre - RS LOW COST HIGH POWER FACTOR...

Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SulPontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul

Porto Alegre - RSPorto Alegre - RS

LOW COST HIGH POWER FACTOR ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HIGH

PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS

Apresentador: Reinaldo Tonkoski Jr.Apresentador: Reinaldo Tonkoski Jr.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES

THE HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST THE HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST

BALLAST DESIGNBALLAST DESIGN

SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSEXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

-- Illumination Segment consume was Illumination Segment consume was

Estimated to be 30 % of total Estimated to be 30 % of total

Electrical Energy produced in the Electrical Energy produced in the

world;world;

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

- Develop an electronic ballast - Develop an electronic ballast

for a 250 W HPS lamp with high for a 250 W HPS lamp with high

power factor and low cost. power factor and low cost.

■ Voltage■ Current

HID NEGATIVE RESISTENCEHID NEGATIVE RESISTENCE

LampCurrent

Positive Resistance

Negative Resistance

LampVoltage

Breakdown Voltage

ELECTRONIC BALLAST ELECTRONIC BALLAST CONVENTIONAL IMPLEMENTATIONCONVENTIONAL IMPLEMENTATION

VO

LT

AG

E

TIME

EMI FILTER

MAINS(AC)

RECTIFIER PFP INVETER RESONANTFILTER

LAMP

HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST TOPOLOGYHPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST TOPOLOGY

LAMP IGNITION VOLTAGELAMP IGNITION VOLTAGE

4

2

1ESR

s

oc pico R

F L

Vv

e

VE C

L R

VE C

L R

4 219.52

ln 1

ESR

opk

R

FL HE

V

DESIGN CRITERIADESIGN CRITERIA

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 20

5

10

15

20

25

3030

0

IL w( )

20 w

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 20

5000

1 104

1.5 104

2 104

2.5 104

3 10430000

0

VL w( )

20 w

Current

Voltage

0=3s

DESIGN CRITERIADESIGN CRITERIAFREQUENCY RESPONSEFREQUENCY RESPONSE

21

2,7676

pC nFF L

1

6 p

FL C

)sin()(,...5,3,1

tnn

VtV m

nE

1

2 oRMS st

VV

CIRCUIT SIMPLIFICATION CIRCUIT SIMPLIFICATION (AFTER IGNITION)(AFTER IGNITION)

Frequency DomainFrequency DomainFirst HarmonicFirst Harmonic

CIRCUIT EQUATIONSCIRCUIT EQUATIONS(AFTER IGNITION)(AFTER IGNITION)

n

Where:

2

2

1,

1

lamp

m

V

V

s

p

C

C

2p

L

R C

BALLAST DESIGN ABACUSBALLAST DESIGN ABACUS

180 498ss p

p

CC C nF

C

1

2100o

RMS st

VV V

VM

CS

CP

L

RlampVl

DESIGN ESPECIFICATIONDESIGN ESPECIFICATION

Mains: Vo = 220 VSwitching Frequency: Fs = 68 kHzLamp Rated Power: P = 160 W

Lamp Rated Voltage: Vl = 80 VLamp Rated Resistance: R = 40 ΩL = 220 HCs = 500 nFCp = 2,7 nF

SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS

LAMP IGNITION VOLTAGELAMP IGNITION VOLTAGE

SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTSLAMP VOLTAGE AND CURRENT AFTER IGNITIONLAMP VOLTAGE AND CURRENT AFTER IGNITION

SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

CF = 500 nF

CF = 1 F

CF = 2,2 F

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

CF = 500 nF

CF = 1 F

CF = 2,2 F

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

This paper described a single stage This paper described a single stage high power factor electronic ballast for high power factor electronic ballast for high pressure sodium lamps. high pressure sodium lamps.

This ballast presents a very low cost This ballast presents a very low cost because it avoids an external PFP.because it avoids an external PFP.

The phenomenon of the acoustic The phenomenon of the acoustic resonance should not be observed resonance should not be observed because the HPS lamp is excited by a because the HPS lamp is excited by a modulated power signal.modulated power signal.

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

A very high power factor was obtained A very high power factor was obtained at low power.at low power.

The crest factor found was not good The crest factor found was not good enough and must be improved.enough and must be improved.

1

2100o

RMS st

VV V

Obrigado!