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Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SulPontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre - RSPorto Alegre - RS
LOW COST HIGH POWER FACTOR ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HIGH
PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS
Apresentador: Reinaldo Tonkoski Jr.Apresentador: Reinaldo Tonkoski Jr.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
THE HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST THE HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST
BALLAST DESIGNBALLAST DESIGN
SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSEXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
-- Illumination Segment consume was Illumination Segment consume was
Estimated to be 30 % of total Estimated to be 30 % of total
Electrical Energy produced in the Electrical Energy produced in the
world;world;
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
- Develop an electronic ballast - Develop an electronic ballast
for a 250 W HPS lamp with high for a 250 W HPS lamp with high
power factor and low cost. power factor and low cost.
■ Voltage■ Current
HID NEGATIVE RESISTENCEHID NEGATIVE RESISTENCE
LampCurrent
Positive Resistance
Negative Resistance
LampVoltage
Breakdown Voltage
ELECTRONIC BALLAST ELECTRONIC BALLAST CONVENTIONAL IMPLEMENTATIONCONVENTIONAL IMPLEMENTATION
VO
LT
AG
E
TIME
EMI FILTER
MAINS(AC)
RECTIFIER PFP INVETER RESONANTFILTER
LAMP
HPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST TOPOLOGYHPF ELECTRONIC BALLAST TOPOLOGY
LAMP IGNITION VOLTAGELAMP IGNITION VOLTAGE
4
2
1ESR
s
oc pico R
F L
Vv
e
VE C
L R
VE C
L R
4 219.52
ln 1
ESR
opk
R
FL HE
V
DESIGN CRITERIADESIGN CRITERIA
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 20
5
10
15
20
25
3030
0
IL w( )
20 w
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 20
5000
1 104
1.5 104
2 104
2.5 104
3 10430000
0
VL w( )
20 w
Current
Voltage
0=3s
DESIGN CRITERIADESIGN CRITERIAFREQUENCY RESPONSEFREQUENCY RESPONSE
21
2,7676
pC nFF L
1
6 p
FL C
)sin()(,...5,3,1
tnn
VtV m
nE
1
2 oRMS st
VV
CIRCUIT SIMPLIFICATION CIRCUIT SIMPLIFICATION (AFTER IGNITION)(AFTER IGNITION)
Frequency DomainFrequency DomainFirst HarmonicFirst Harmonic
CIRCUIT EQUATIONSCIRCUIT EQUATIONS(AFTER IGNITION)(AFTER IGNITION)
n
Where:
2
2
1,
1
lamp
m
V
V
s
p
C
C
2p
L
R C
BALLAST DESIGN ABACUSBALLAST DESIGN ABACUS
180 498ss p
p
CC C nF
C
1
2100o
RMS st
VV V
VM
CS
CP
L
RlampVl
DESIGN ESPECIFICATIONDESIGN ESPECIFICATION
Mains: Vo = 220 VSwitching Frequency: Fs = 68 kHzLamp Rated Power: P = 160 W
Lamp Rated Voltage: Vl = 80 VLamp Rated Resistance: R = 40 ΩL = 220 HCs = 500 nFCp = 2,7 nF
SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS
LAMP IGNITION VOLTAGELAMP IGNITION VOLTAGE
SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTSLAMP VOLTAGE AND CURRENT AFTER IGNITIONLAMP VOLTAGE AND CURRENT AFTER IGNITION
SIMULATION RESULTSSIMULATION RESULTS
Experimental ResultsExperimental Results
Experimental ResultsExperimental Results
Experimental ResultsExperimental Results
Experimental ResultsExperimental Results
CF = 500 nF
CF = 1 F
CF = 2,2 F
Experimental ResultsExperimental Results
CF = 500 nF
CF = 1 F
CF = 2,2 F
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
This paper described a single stage This paper described a single stage high power factor electronic ballast for high power factor electronic ballast for high pressure sodium lamps. high pressure sodium lamps.
This ballast presents a very low cost This ballast presents a very low cost because it avoids an external PFP.because it avoids an external PFP.
The phenomenon of the acoustic The phenomenon of the acoustic resonance should not be observed resonance should not be observed because the HPS lamp is excited by a because the HPS lamp is excited by a modulated power signal.modulated power signal.
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
A very high power factor was obtained A very high power factor was obtained at low power.at low power.
The crest factor found was not good The crest factor found was not good enough and must be improved.enough and must be improved.
1
2100o
RMS st
VV V
Obrigado!
