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Physical and Chemical Properties
Properties
• Every piece of matter we come in contact with has unique characteristics that make that matter the way it is.
• The characteristics are called properties.
Properties
• There are two types of properties.– Physical Properties– Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
• A physical property is any characteristic of a material that can be observed with out changing the composition of the material.
Physical Properties
• There are 7 main physical properties.– Density– Viscosity– Conductivity– Malleability– Hardness– Melting point and Boiling point
Density
• Density is the amount of matter in a given volume.
• An objects density is the object’s mass divided by its volume.
• D= m/v
Viscosity
• Viscosity is a liquids resistance to flowing. Basically how runny it is.
• High Viscosity = thick liquidEX: cold honey
• Low Viscosity = thin, runny liquid Ex: Water
Conductivity
• Conductivity is the ability to allow heat to flow through a material.
• Materials that are good conductors of heat are usually also good conductors of electricity.
Malleability
• Malleability is the ability of a solid to be hit with out shattering.
Hardens
• Hardness is how resistant a material is to being scratched.
Melting Point and Boiling Point
• Melting point is the temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid.
• Boiling point is the temperature at which a material changes form a liquid to a gas.
Chemical Properties
• Chemical Properties can only be observed when a material is changing into a new substance.
Chemical Properties
• There are two main chemical properties.
– Flammability– Reactivity
Flammability
• Flammability is a materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen.
Reactivity
• Reactivity is how easily a substance combines chemically with another substance.
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