Photography 101

Photography 101: Introduction to Digital Photography

What is digital photography?

Overview

•Tips in Buying a Digicam

•Basic Camera Control

•Rules of Good Composition• Post Production

Digital Photography

•is a form of photography that uses digital technology to make images of subjects.•digital photographs can be displayed, printed, stored, manipulated, transmitted, and archived using digital and computer techniques,

Sensors and Storage

VS

Advantages of Consumer Digital Cameras over Film

•Instant review of pictures• Minimal ongoing costs• Photos may be copied from one digital medium to another without any degradation• Pictures do not need to be scanned before viewing them on a computer• Ability to print photos using a computer and consumer-grade printer

Advantages of Consumer Digital Cameras over Film

•Ability to capture and store hundreds of photographs on the same media device• Many digital cameras now include an AV-out connector (and cable) to allow the reviewing of photographs to an audience using a television• Anti-shake functionality (increasingly common in inexpensive cameras) allow taking sharper hand-held pictures where previously a tripod was required• Ability to change ISO speed settings more conveniently in the middle of shooting

Advantages of Consumer Digital Cameras over Film

•Ability to use the same device to capture video as well as still images. •Ability to convert the same photo from color to sepia to black & white

Types of Digital Cameras

Types of Digital CamerasPoint and Shoot usually have fewer controls than other digital cameras but many are also small, bordering on tiny. With a camera that fits into your pocket, you're more likely to have it when you need it.

Types of Digital CamerasCamera Phones The fastest selling point and shoot digital cameras are those built into camera phones. Camera phone quality is improving rapidly with 8 Megapixel models already available in some parts of the world. In time these cameras may present real competition to point and shoot cameras.

Types of Digital Cameras

Prosumer/ Bridge Camera High-end fixed lens cameras usually have a zoom lens and many of the exposure and focus controls found on SLR cameras. Fixed lens cameras often have great zoom lenses and capture large images.

Types of Digital Cameras

DSLR- (digital single-lens reflex), these cameras are expensive but have certain advantages over other camera types: • You can change lenses.• You see the scene through the lens so what you see is what you get. • You can select from a large variety of accessories, including powerful flash units.

Non-DSLR vs DSLR

1. Price: 5,000-20,000 30,000-150,0002. SIZE and WEIGHT:

3. Zoom Digital zoom Mechanical Zoom4. Sensor 6.1mm x 4.6mm 23.6mmx15.8mm

Non-DSLR vs DSLR

DSLR cameras allow the photographer to see the subject or scene through the optical lens. What you see is basically what you get in the photo.

Non-DSLR cameras differ in that they use a viewfinder or display screen to help the photographer frame the subject that is being captured.

“what-you-see-is-what-you-get”

Buying Digital Camera

Pixel, or pel , (picture element) is a single point (dot) in a graphic image.The number of pixels n for a given maximum resolution

(w horizontal pixels by h vertical pixels) is the product n = w × h.

Understanding the Pixel

PIXEL

Megapixel: Mega=million Pixel=dot

Understanding the Pixel

e.g. Nikon D60 = 10megapixel

3,648 x 2,736 = 9,980,928

w x h = n

3,648 pixels

2,736 pixels

Understanding the Pixel

4R

5R

8R

Buying Digital Camera

Lens is an optical device with perfect or approximate axial symmetry which transmits and refracts light, converging or diverging the light.

LENS

Buying Digital CameraKinds of Lenses

1. Kit Lens 18-55mm

2. Prime lens 35mm

3. Zoom lens 55mm-200mm

Buying a Digital CameraImage Stabilization

is a family of techniques used to increase the stability of an image.

◦ Nikon (Vibration Reduction/VR)◦ Canon (Image Stabilization/IS)◦ Panasonic/Leica (MegaOIS)◦ Sony (Super Steady Shot)◦ Sigma (Optical Stabilization)◦ Pentax (Shake Reduction)

Buying a Digital Camera

Basic Camera Control

Basic Camera Controls

READ YOUR

MANUAL!

The illustration to the left shows the path the light travels from the object to the sensor.

APERTUREThe aperture sits inside the lens and controls how much light passes through the lens and onto the sensor. Knowing how the aperture affects the photograph is one of the most important parts of photography — it affects the amount of light, depth of field, lens speed, sharpness and vignetting among other things.

APPERTURE

SHUTTERThe shutter is what controls how long the sensor is exposed to the light. The longer the shutter is open the more light can be captured by the sensor. A fast shutter speed will result in “freezing” a moving object and a slow shutter speed will let you capture the motion of a moving object.

SHUTTER

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED FAST SHUTTER SPEED

ISO The ISO speed (the name comes from the

International Organization for Standardization) is a measure of the film speed, or its sensitivity to light.

A low ISO speed requires a longer exposure and is referred to as slow, a high ISO speed requires less time to give the same exposure and is therefore referred to as fast.

ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor

ISO

Auto ISOFortunately most of the time you don’t need to worry about selecting the correct ISO. Most cameras have an “Auto ISO” setting. With Auto ISO, the camera will look at the amount of light in the scene and change the ISO appropriately so that the shutter speed doesn’t get too slow.

ISO ValueIf you choose to use a manual ISO, what values should you use?

ISO 50-100. Suitable for bright light (like outdoors on a sunny day).

ISO 200. Great for overcast or cloudy days.

ISO 400 and 800. Use these values when the light is getting dim but it is not yet night.

ISO 1600 and above. Use for indoor or night shots. Also useful to freeze the action in sports shots. These values will produce the most noise.

ISO 100

ISO 800

Basic Camera Controls

Most shutter buttons have two stages.

1. When you press it halfway down, the camera sets focus and exposure.

2. When you press it all the way down, you take the picture.

“It’s not the Pana,It’s the Indian.”

Thank You!!!

“It’s not the Pana,It’s the Indian.”

Thank You!!!