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Laboratory Safety
Why safety?
Personal well beingWell being of others in the lab.The safety of equipment.
In case of accident
First to call numbers
Health Center
▪ 6666 ▪ 0-312-290 6666
Security
▪ 1234▪ 0-312-290 1234
Types of security issues
FireGeneral alb accidentsChemical accidentsOptical accidentsBiological accidentsNuclear accidentsEarthquakes
In case of fire
Close doors and windows Shut down air conditoning. Sound the fire alarm Notify (290) 1234 Secure injured Notify (290) 6666 vya 1666 for injured Attempt to extinguish the fire only if you are
not in danger yourself. Do so with a fire extinguisher.
Early intervention with small fires can prevent catastrophic big fires.
Do you know how to use a fire extiguisher?
PECVDGas emergency Stop
Fire Alarm
In case of chemical contamination
Shut down air conditioning in case of gaseous, or liquid chemical contamination.
Notify authorities. In case of splash on your garments, take them
off immediately. Wash affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes.
Call 6666. Use acid neutralization kit. If the area is safe, use eye wash or body wash
showers. Cleaning up is done with professional teams. But
if you can shut down the source of the contamination without putting your self in danger, please do so.
Do you know how to use and oxygen cylinder or a flee mask?
First aid chemicals
General safety rules
Know where the lab exit doors are. Know the location and the use of safety
showers. Know the location of fire alarm buttons. Know the location of the nearest phone. Know the hazards of the materials and
equipment you use. Read MSDES files for the materials you use. Consult internet for further info.
Do NOT work before taking necessary precautions.
Do NOT use materials you do not know and equipment you are not trained for.
Consult M. Gure when necessary. Those who are not approved by Murat Güre can
not enter class 100 lab.
Push Handle Pull
Body and eye showers
MSDS files and flee mask
CLASS 100 escape doors
Fire Exits
General safety rules
Do NOT enter the lab without gloves, gogoles, clean room garmentsEldiven, gözlük, elbise gibi gerekli teçhizatı kullanmadan laboratuvara girmeyiniz.
Do NOT eat, drink and smoke in the lab. You are discouraged from wearing makeup in the lab.
Long hair must be tied in the back and taken into a hair net. Drooping metal necklesses, arm bands or bracelets should NOT be worn in the lab.
Short slacks are NOT allowed in the lab. Use a lab garments.
Do NOT use your mouth for pipette action . After you leave the lab, wash your hands and
check yourself for possible chemicl splashes. Do NOT use short cuts during the experiment.
Use equipment suitable for the task.
Mandatory equipment during use of chemicals
General safety rules
Do NOT touch any equipment without the permission ofthe user.
Food and drinks are stored in the refrigerator in the kitchen. No chemicals in this refrigerator please.
NO food in the refrigerators in the lab. If you use chemicals that takes too long to finish
the job, notify M. Gure the nature of the chemical process before starting the experiments and get approval.
Read MSDS of cheimicals that you are using the first time.
Do NOT leave chemicals out in the open without marking their identity and last use date.
Do NOT work alone in the lab during after hours. Notify the security guard when wroking at night.
Working after midnight requires special written request by your academic advisor from ARL Coordinator prior to any work. Lab security is required to check that this is done.
General safety rules
No jokes in the lab. Leave the lab clean.Do NOT leave hazradous or
flammable materials out in the Use minimum quantities of chemicals when
working. Do NOT store chemicals in your office or lab. Use chemical storage area for excess chemical storage. See M. Gure for this.
Please notify possible hazardous situations to lab personel.
Personal safety
Eye protection The use of glasses. The use of masks. The use of oxygen masks. The users of contact lenses. Beware!
Respiratory protection Notify and get approval from M. Gure for
experiments that may release gasses requiring protection.
Masks in the lab are flee masks. They should not be use for long periods of time.
Personal safety
Skin and body protection The use of gloves The use of lab coats and aprons The use of shoes.
Protection of hearing
Lab safety equipment
Lanibar flow benches
Masks Gloves Body and eyes
washes Kits against
chemical contamination.
Fire extinguishers
Use of chemicals Minimize hazards. Safe use:
Please also note the properties of chemicals, alone and in the reaction:▪ What is the allowable
amount?▪ What is the lethal or
hurmful dose?▪ Possible ways to
Chemical exposure?▪ Contact with skin or eyes▪ Swallowing▪ Inhalation▪ Injection
Use of chemicals
Type of safety threat?▪ Corrosive▪ Explosive ▪ Flammable▪ Irritative▪ Reactive▪ Senstizer▪ Poisonous
Safety symbols
(patlayıcı) (yanıcı) (zehirli) (aşındırıcı)
(oksitleyici) (kanser yapıcı) (zararlı) (tahriş edici)
Use of chemicals
Type of safety hazard?▪ Acute poisoning▪ Carcinogen▪ mutagenic▪ Teratogenic
Physical Properties Of Chemicals▪ Aerosol▪ Cryogenic▪ Dust or particle▪ Gas▪ Liquide▪ Solid▪ Vapor density▪ Vapor Pressure▪ Flammability
Chemical Compatibility
Chemical Storage
Keep all chemicals closed and labeled. If in the beaker don’t keep more than an hour. Keep it at minimum amount if possible. In Markup:
Name of the chemicals Hazard Warning Name and tel. Of the user. Date.
Chemical Storage
Do not store incompatible chemicals together.
Flammable Chemicals Flash point less then 38 C can be flammable. Flash point between 38-94C can burn.Like: Benzene Alcohols Hydrogen sulfide Acetone Ethers Organic acids
Chemical Storage
Corrosives Acids
▪ Oxidiser acids▪ Perchloric acid▪ Chromic acid▪ Nitric acid▪ Sulfric acid
▪ Mineral Acids▪ Hydrochloric acid▪ Hydrofloric acid▪ Phosphoric acid
▪ Organic Acids▪ Acetic acid▪ Formic acid▪ Butyric acid▪ Propionic acid▪ Picric acid▪ Acrilic acid
Chemicals storage
Keep away the acids from bases and active metals. Like, potassium, magnesium.
Keep away the acids from pissoning vapor producer chemicals.
Keep away the acids from tolune and xylene.
Do not full up the bottles.
Chemicals storage
Bases Reacts strongly with acids. They cause corrosion.
▪ Ammoniyum hidroksit▪ Sodyum hidroksit▪ Kalsiyum hidroksit▪ Organik aminler
Poisonous chemicals Should be kept in ventilated enclosures.
▪ Fosfin▪ Arsin▪ Osmiyum tetraoksit▪ Dimetil sulfat▪ Toluen 2,4-Diisosiyanat▪ Sodyum azid▪ 37% formaldahit
Chemicals storage
Separate oxidizing inorganic acids from organic acids or flammable materials.
Organic acids are flammable. Perchloric ascid ve picric acid requires
special care. r.
Chemicals storage
Reactive-Oxidizers Fire and explosion hazard
▪ Halogens▪ Ammoniumpersulfate▪ Hydrogen peroxide▪ Sodium dichromate▪ Potassium permanganate▪ Perchloric acid▪ Ammonium nitrate
Chemicals storage
Reactive Reductants▪ Ammonia▪ Carbon▪ Metals▪ Metalhydrades▪ Phosphorus▪ Silicon▪ Sulphur
Keep away from the oxidisers.
Chemicals storage
Water-reactive Chemicals Sodium Potassium Calcium carbide Phosphoruspentachloride
Peroxide Producers Diethyl ether Tetrahydrofuran Acetaldehide Isopropyl ether
Handling liquid cryogenics
Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not use liquid nitrogen without eye glasses or protective mask . During the transportation of LN use the protective gloves and eye glasses to avoid skin touch and prevent the face.
Equipment for handling liquid nitrogen
Pressurized gasses
Toxic Flammable
Phyrophoric Explosive
Reactive Corrosive Oxidiser
Choking
Pressurized gasses
High pressurized gases 100-2500 psig DANGEROUS!
Slow action to cylinders. Do not move without covers! The cylinder should be kept shackled to the wall! Use proper ragulating valve. Do not use damaged cylinders. Label them as empty or full.
Exposure
Threshold limit value - Time weighted average (TLV-TWA): average exposure on the basis of a 8h/day, 40h/week work schedule
Threshold limit value - Short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL): spot exposure for a duration of 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day
Threshold limit value - Ceiling limit (TLV-C): absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time
Earthquake
Take the chemicals safety. Valves, lasers, power supplies should be closed.
Depremde devrilecek malzeme olmamalı.
In Case Of Earthquake Please secure yourself first. Please do not leave the building during
the earthquake.
Laser safety
Optical accidents: Eyes Skin
High Voltage SourcesCurrent Sources
Classification of lasers
Class 1: Continuous watching harmless. Packed as no one can reach. Low-power lasers or high-power lasers in the
indoor environment.
Classification of lasers
Class 2: Normally harmless but during the long
exposure it would be harmful. Power: < 1mw
Classification of lasers Class 3a: Harmless exposed to short term. But
dangerous if collimated. Power: < 5mW (Laser pointers)
Classification of lasers Class 3b: Direct or reftected exposure harmdfull
but its scttared light not as harmful. Power: < 500mW High power pointers He-Ne lasers
Classification of lasers Class 4 Fully harmful power >500mW Eye and Skin damage. Fire causes.
Safety hazards of lasers Eye or skin damage Fire Toxic gases in gas lasers High Voltage
Safety hazards of lasers Exposure to Skin or eye to the Laser
Direct exposure Reflected light (400nm – 1400nm) permanent damage to the
retina .– Nd:YAG, Yb fiber, Cu-vapor, diode, HeNe,Ar+
Safety hazards of lasers Retinal damage more serious then cornea.
Savely use Cornea damage Retinal damage
Safety hazards of lasers Fire hazard
Electrical circuits Gases and flammable vapors To solvents.
Safety hazards of lasers Gas Hazards
Plastics! Gas lasers gases
Safety hazards of lasers
Lethal High Voltage
Most of the accident! ALTHOUGH power has been turned off the
shock! No metal goods on your body. Do not stay on the wet floor.
Protection
Protect your eyes, as appropriate. Put the Lab entrance alert. Put the optics low as much as possible. Strong ambient lighting. So the narrow retina
diameter. Keep airconditioners open. Do not touch exposed cables, etc..
Conclusions
While working in a laboratory security ALWAYS should be kept at the forefront.
Otherwise your life (even worse of a friend) can cost lives.
Please be careful!
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