Laboratory Safety

Why safety?

Personal well beingWell being of others in the lab.The safety of equipment.

In case of accident

First to call numbers

Health Center

▪ 6666 ▪ 0-312-290 6666

Security

▪ 1234▪ 0-312-290 1234

Types of security issues

FireGeneral alb accidentsChemical accidentsOptical accidentsBiological accidentsNuclear accidentsEarthquakes

In case of fire

Close doors and windows Shut down air conditoning. Sound the fire alarm Notify (290) 1234 Secure injured Notify (290) 6666 vya 1666 for injured Attempt to extinguish the fire only if you are

not in danger yourself. Do so with a fire extinguisher.

Early intervention with small fires can prevent catastrophic big fires.

Do you know how to use a fire extiguisher?

PECVDGas emergency Stop

Fire Alarm

In case of chemical contamination

Shut down air conditioning in case of gaseous, or liquid chemical contamination.

Notify authorities. In case of splash on your garments, take them

off immediately. Wash affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes.

Call 6666. Use acid neutralization kit. If the area is safe, use eye wash or body wash

showers. Cleaning up is done with professional teams. But

if you can shut down the source of the contamination without putting your self in danger, please do so.

Do you know how to use and oxygen cylinder or a flee mask?

First aid chemicals

General safety rules

Know where the lab exit doors are. Know the location and the use of safety

showers. Know the location of fire alarm buttons. Know the location of the nearest phone. Know the hazards of the materials and

equipment you use. Read MSDES files for the materials you use. Consult internet for further info.

Do NOT work before taking necessary precautions.

Do NOT use materials you do not know and equipment you are not trained for.

Consult M. Gure when necessary. Those who are not approved by Murat Güre can

not enter class 100 lab.

Push Handle Pull

Body and eye showers

MSDS files and flee mask

CLASS 100 escape doors

Fire Exits

General safety rules

Do NOT enter the lab without gloves, gogoles, clean room garmentsEldiven, gözlük, elbise gibi gerekli teçhizatı kullanmadan laboratuvara girmeyiniz.

Do NOT eat, drink and smoke in the lab. You are discouraged from wearing makeup in the lab.

Long hair must be tied in the back and taken into a hair net. Drooping metal necklesses, arm bands or bracelets should NOT be worn in the lab.

Short slacks are NOT allowed in the lab. Use a lab garments.

Do NOT use your mouth for pipette action . After you leave the lab, wash your hands and

check yourself for possible chemicl splashes. Do NOT use short cuts during the experiment.

Use equipment suitable for the task.

Mandatory equipment during use of chemicals

General safety rules

Do NOT touch any equipment without the permission ofthe user.

Food and drinks are stored in the refrigerator in the kitchen. No chemicals in this refrigerator please.

NO food in the refrigerators in the lab. If you use chemicals that takes too long to finish

the job, notify M. Gure the nature of the chemical process before starting the experiments and get approval.

Read MSDS of cheimicals that you are using the first time.

Do NOT leave chemicals out in the open without marking their identity and last use date.

Do NOT work alone in the lab during after hours. Notify the security guard when wroking at night.

Working after midnight requires special written request by your academic advisor from ARL Coordinator prior to any work. Lab security is required to check that this is done.

General safety rules

No jokes in the lab. Leave the lab clean.Do NOT leave hazradous or

flammable materials out in the Use minimum quantities of chemicals when

working. Do NOT store chemicals in your office or lab. Use chemical storage area for excess chemical storage. See M. Gure for this.

Please notify possible hazardous situations to lab personel.

Personal safety

Eye protection The use of glasses. The use of masks. The use of oxygen masks. The users of contact lenses. Beware!

Respiratory protection Notify and get approval from M. Gure for

experiments that may release gasses requiring protection.

Masks in the lab are flee masks. They should not be use for long periods of time.

Personal safety

Skin and body protection The use of gloves The use of lab coats and aprons The use of shoes.

Protection of hearing

Lab safety equipment

Lanibar flow benches

Masks Gloves Body and eyes

washes Kits against

chemical contamination.

Fire extinguishers

Use of chemicals Minimize hazards. Safe use:

Please also note the properties of chemicals, alone and in the reaction:▪ What is the allowable

amount?▪ What is the lethal or

hurmful dose?▪ Possible ways to

Chemical exposure?▪ Contact with skin or eyes▪ Swallowing▪ Inhalation▪ Injection

Use of chemicals

Type of safety threat?▪ Corrosive▪ Explosive ▪ Flammable▪ Irritative▪ Reactive▪ Senstizer▪ Poisonous

Safety symbols

(patlayıcı) (yanıcı) (zehirli) (aşındırıcı)

(oksitleyici) (kanser yapıcı) (zararlı) (tahriş edici)

Use of chemicals

Type of safety hazard?▪ Acute poisoning▪ Carcinogen▪ mutagenic▪ Teratogenic

Physical Properties Of Chemicals▪ Aerosol▪ Cryogenic▪ Dust or particle▪ Gas▪ Liquide▪ Solid▪ Vapor density▪ Vapor Pressure▪ Flammability

Chemical Compatibility

Chemical Storage

Keep all chemicals closed and labeled. If in the beaker don’t keep more than an hour. Keep it at minimum amount if possible. In Markup:

Name of the chemicals Hazard Warning Name and tel. Of the user. Date.

Chemical Storage

Do not store incompatible chemicals together.

Flammable Chemicals Flash point less then 38 C can be flammable. Flash point between 38-94C can burn.Like: Benzene Alcohols Hydrogen sulfide Acetone Ethers Organic acids

Chemical Storage

Corrosives Acids

▪ Oxidiser acids▪ Perchloric acid▪ Chromic acid▪ Nitric acid▪ Sulfric acid

▪ Mineral Acids▪ Hydrochloric acid▪ Hydrofloric acid▪ Phosphoric acid

▪ Organic Acids▪ Acetic acid▪ Formic acid▪ Butyric acid▪ Propionic acid▪ Picric acid▪ Acrilic acid

Chemicals storage

Keep away the acids from bases and active metals. Like, potassium, magnesium.

Keep away the acids from pissoning vapor producer chemicals.

Keep away the acids from tolune and xylene.

Do not full up the bottles.

Chemicals storage

Bases Reacts strongly with acids. They cause corrosion.

▪ Ammoniyum hidroksit▪ Sodyum hidroksit▪ Kalsiyum hidroksit▪ Organik aminler

Poisonous chemicals Should be kept in ventilated enclosures.

▪ Fosfin▪ Arsin▪ Osmiyum tetraoksit▪ Dimetil sulfat▪ Toluen 2,4-Diisosiyanat▪ Sodyum azid▪ 37% formaldahit

Chemicals storage

Separate oxidizing inorganic acids from organic acids or flammable materials.

Organic acids are flammable. Perchloric ascid ve picric acid requires

special care. r.

Chemicals storage

Reactive-Oxidizers Fire and explosion hazard

▪ Halogens▪ Ammoniumpersulfate▪ Hydrogen peroxide▪ Sodium dichromate▪ Potassium permanganate▪ Perchloric acid▪ Ammonium nitrate

Chemicals storage

Reactive Reductants▪ Ammonia▪ Carbon▪ Metals▪ Metalhydrades▪ Phosphorus▪ Silicon▪ Sulphur

Keep away from the oxidisers.

Chemicals storage

Water-reactive Chemicals Sodium Potassium Calcium carbide Phosphoruspentachloride

Peroxide Producers Diethyl ether Tetrahydrofuran Acetaldehide Isopropyl ether

Handling liquid cryogenics

Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not use liquid nitrogen without eye glasses or protective mask . During the transportation of LN use the protective gloves and eye glasses to avoid skin touch and prevent the face.

Equipment for handling liquid nitrogen

Pressurized gasses

Toxic Flammable

Phyrophoric Explosive

Reactive Corrosive Oxidiser

Choking

Pressurized gasses

High pressurized gases 100-2500 psig DANGEROUS!

Slow action to cylinders. Do not move without covers! The cylinder should be kept shackled to the wall! Use proper ragulating valve. Do not use damaged cylinders. Label them as empty or full.

Exposure

Threshold limit value - Time weighted average (TLV-TWA): average exposure on the basis of a 8h/day, 40h/week work schedule

Threshold limit value - Short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL): spot exposure for a duration of 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day

Threshold limit value - Ceiling limit (TLV-C): absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time

Earthquake

Take the chemicals safety. Valves, lasers, power supplies should be closed.

Depremde devrilecek malzeme olmamalı.

In Case Of Earthquake Please secure yourself first. Please do not leave the building during

the earthquake.

Laser safety

Optical accidents: Eyes Skin

High Voltage SourcesCurrent Sources

Classification of lasers

Class 1: Continuous watching harmless. Packed as no one can reach. Low-power lasers or high-power lasers in the

indoor environment.

Classification of lasers

Class 2: Normally harmless but during the long

exposure it would be harmful. Power: < 1mw

Classification of lasers Class 3a: Harmless exposed to short term. But

dangerous if collimated. Power: < 5mW (Laser pointers)

Classification of lasers Class 3b: Direct or reftected exposure harmdfull

but its scttared light not as harmful. Power: < 500mW High power pointers He-Ne lasers

Classification of lasers Class 4 Fully harmful power >500mW Eye and Skin damage. Fire causes.

Safety hazards of lasers Eye or skin damage Fire Toxic gases in gas lasers High Voltage

Safety hazards of lasers Exposure to Skin or eye to the Laser

Direct exposure Reflected light (400nm – 1400nm) permanent damage to the

retina .– Nd:YAG, Yb fiber, Cu-vapor, diode, HeNe,Ar+

Safety hazards of lasers Retinal damage more serious then cornea.

Savely use Cornea damage Retinal damage

Safety hazards of lasers Fire hazard

Electrical circuits Gases and flammable vapors To solvents.

Safety hazards of lasers Gas Hazards

Plastics! Gas lasers gases

Safety hazards of lasers

Lethal High Voltage

Most of the accident! ALTHOUGH power has been turned off the

shock! No metal goods on your body. Do not stay on the wet floor.

Protection

Protect your eyes, as appropriate. Put the Lab entrance alert. Put the optics low as much as possible. Strong ambient lighting. So the narrow retina

diameter. Keep airconditioners open. Do not touch exposed cables, etc..

Conclusions

While working in a laboratory security ALWAYS should be kept at the forefront.

Otherwise your life (even worse of a friend) can cost lives.

Please be careful!