Persian for Travel 00 Fin Nu Oft

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PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.By ALEXANDER FINN, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,

H.J1. CONSUL AT RESHT,

$art h\

RTJIDIIMENTS OW GRAMMAR.ENGLISH-PERSIAN VOCABULARY,

LONDON:TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.

1884. ^2*~$ *!'

\_All rights reserved.'] ( •

MADAME SCHOFER,

IN REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE

SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT

SERVANT,

THE COMPILER.

PREFACE.

This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin-

ners. To those who wish for a complete grammar I can recommend

no better than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson's

Dictionary still holds its own as the best extant. There are even

words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon,

but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holding

intercourse with the natives {i.e. slang). No learned attempt has

here been made to phoneticize the words or always to represent the

same Persian by the same English letters; each word has been

written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be able

VI PEESIAN GEAMMAE.

to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight and without

hesitation.

Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain their

mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they imagine

to be a proper accent and sound, especially when dealing with the

vowels. I entreat those who may use this book to treat the words as

though they were English. I have done my best to produce the

proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronounced

long, or broadly, I have marked it with the sign we used at school in

dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunterian

marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in producing

results as curious as unnecessary.

PREFACE. Vit

The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, as in

give and get.

As a rule h when met with must be aspirated (unless after c. g, k, s,

t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in belt-

ter (better). When at the end of a word h has to be aspirated it has

been written double as in vazehJi (evident).

Here I beg to express my thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee,

of the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered mein writing in the Persian words of this Vocabulary.

ALEXANDER FINK

INTRODUCTION,

Pebsian Grammar is simplicity itself. There is only one declension andtwo conjugations.

Substantives have the nominative and aocusative, the latter formed

by adding ra to the former : the other cases, with the exception of the

genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual particles, as be (to) to the

dative, az (from) to the ablative, &c. The genitive alone is peculiar,and is formed either by the particle az, or, as in other Oriental languages*by the termination of the previous word in i ; for example,

J^d. t. . Utah.The cover of (sign of genitive) the book.

Sag* », shuma.The dog of (sign of genitive) you, i.e. your dog.

X PERSIAN GRAMMAR.

A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.

A'i Oh! (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) shumd

you amad came jild cover i of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (sign

of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon

outside burd took.

ADJECTIVES

are declined in the same way as substantives. There are three degrees

of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the super-

lative add tereen ; for example,

bad badter badtereen

bad worse worst

xii PEESIAK GEAMMAB.

There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other in dans

as a rule the latter is perfectly regular. The perfect tense is formed

directly from the root of the infinitive, in both conjugations, ex. grat.,

dddan ' to give,' dad being the root. For the first person singular add an to

the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as the

root. In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for the

second, and and for the third, thus :—

^.ita Dddan.— Infinitive.

Singular. Plural*

1.pata dadam, 1.

^atadadeem

2. \jo^ dadee 2. Jjota dadeed

3. <>b dad 3. ^b dadand

Veebs. xm

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., jTbe koon

2nd pers. plur., JuiJo be kooned

^f Kardan.-*" To do."

Past Participle.

Singular1

1. *^« mi kiinam

2. jj^c mi kiini

3. jJ^* mi kunad

1. j.^ kardam

2. ^^kardee3. ^T kard

PEESENT.

PeEFECT.

i^rkardeh

Plural.

1. ^C* mi kuneem

2. »v*l« mi kuneed

3. .x^o mi kunand

1. *}.}/' kardeem

2. Jj^T kardeed

3. Jj^Tkardand

XIV FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.

FlJTUEE.

1. »sfj»\y» kbabam kard

2. if^y* kbabee kard

3. ^Jjfclji. kbabad kard

1. >ap *jj»lja.kbabeem kard

2. if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard

3.i>j J^lji. kbaband khard

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., ^ besbo

2nd pers. plural, Jjj^j besbaveed

Peesejstt.

Singular.

,J-- Shudan.—" To become."

Past Participle.

L. « ft'iVi' ;t.O

mi sbavam

mi sbavee

mi sbaveed

sJw. shudeb

Plural.

1. *jj^« mi sbaveem

2. Jj^^o mi sbaveed

3. Jo*£-<a mi sbavand

VEEBS. XV

Pekfect.

1. -J-i. shudam

2. i^J^i shudee

3. oi shud

1. >X£> ** ^» khaham shud

kkahee shud

khahad shud

1. ^Jwi shudeem

2. OiJ£ shudeed

3. JJJ-2> shudand

Ftjtuee.

khaheem shud

khaheed shud

khahand shud

o 0j> Boodan.

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., Jil? bash

2nd pers. plur., J^l. basheed

"To be."

Past Participle.

sjjj boodeh

XVI PERSIAN GRAMMAR,

Present.

bastam

hastee

o-a bast

1* **y boodam

2. ^sy boodee

3, zy bood

1. *y iSk1^ kbabam bood

2.j»jj i^

^*-kbab.ee bood

3. iy ^y, kbabed bood

Perfect.

Future,

basteem

hasteed

bastand

p>ty.boodeem

.Joji^j

boodeed.

3» Jisy boodaud.

1. *y t*^y* kbabam bood

2. zy JuaI^. kbabeed bood

3. ty Xjklji.kbahaud bood

VEBBS.XVU

».>b dadeb.

^.sb Dadan.—" To give."

ImperaWi*.^s' PatrUcvple

2nd pers. sing., »^> bedeb

2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.

Present

Singular.

1. **J** mi dabam

2. ,/^ mi dabee

3. JaJ-o mi dabad

Plural.

^stbj-*mi dabeem

j^jujo mi dabeed

j^j«-o mi daband.

1. ..ab dadan

2. t$ib dadee

3. ab dud

Perfect.1. ^ab dadeem

2. Joob dadeed

3. jjjb dadand

xvm PEESIAN GEAMMAB.

FUTTJEE.

1. alo y*'»i. khaham dad

r^y-^IJ> 1*3. khahee dadc^y-jb Jj»1 khahad dad

y^J^i. Khdstan.—•" To will

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., s\j& bekhah

2nd pers. plur., J*fcjy» bekhaheed

1. jU**»)_>»

khaheem dad

2. ^b J^W> khaheed dad

2. jUjjj^ji-

kbaband dad

; to wish ; to want."

Past Participle.

.vzwlfti. kbasteb

Singular.

1. **ly** mi khaham

2. ^'^a** nii khahee

3. jjklyt* mi khahad

Peesent.Plural.

1 . *t*>\y&* mi khaheem

2. J** 1^" mi khaheed

3. J^Jkly** mi khahand

VERBS. XIX

Perfect.

khastam

khastee

jIti. khast

Future.

khaham khast 1.

Us.^fcl^i.

kkahee khast

oJ^i. J*lji khahand khast

1. *=-Jj±. kkasteeni

2. Jtf-»V" khasteed

3. J^-ly- kkastand

(^Jy. ^e»lj»khaheem khast

o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast'

i» jj^ly.khahand khast

Eemark

In quoting another person's words the Persians give, as nearly as they

can, the words that he actually used. In English we say,- He said that

he was coming ;" in Persian they say," He said I am coming.

XX PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.

PRONOUNS.

The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian they have

no geuder, and are as follows :—

I, ^ Mun We, L Ma

Thou, y To You, Li Shuma

He or she, \ An, vulg., Oon. They, l«3l .AnTia, vulg., Oon/ia

Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,

In the Singular, ui, o, fm, t, sh

In the Plural, ^li, 'J, U ma, tan, shan

In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.

IS aspcm, my horse

£2\ aspat, thy horse

jJL\ aspash, his horse

1. eL yek

2. j* do

3. a-, seh

4 # .l^a. chehfir

KTJMEEALS.

t* fcJ3 aspi-rna, our horse

JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse

at£\ aspi-shdn, your horse

NUMEEALS

jj panj

oft* 7ia/£

ii noh

10. »J $a7i

11. o^jlj yazdah

12. s^ doazdeh

13. sisja*seesdeh

14. sj.'^ chehardeh

15. s^jb panzdeh

16. s^b shdnsdeh

17. jjift heevdeh

18. *>*£* lieejdeh

xxu PEESIAN GEAMMAE.

PEESIAN VOCABULARY.

VOCABULARY.

A, an, ek yek.

Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan.

Abase, v., ^sf <-«*& khafeef Jcardan.

Abash, v., C^-»L sJ^~»ji>sharmandeh

sakhtan.

Abbreviate, «., ^^T^s* mukhtasar

/cardan.

Abdicate, v., ^ata *W=— \ istefa dadan.

Abdomen, &> shaJcam.

Abet, v., &sy>j {jj^. yari nemoodan. '

Abettor, Jk ydr ; e!^* moharek.

Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a&pi {j^>sukna nemoodan.

Ability, «y kooveh, ^jj zarangi.

Able, d3jj zarang.

Ablution, J~£ ghasl.

Abode, ^K* makdn;{j^» sukna.

Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-dan.

Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.

Above, ^? bald.

YOCABTJLAEY.

About, jj± dor. —(concerning),

yj>yi^. ji dur Jchesoos.

Absolute, jlia* mutlak; Jax~n> mus-

takil.

Abscond, v., crM, j J dur roftan,

tf&kf gureekhtan.

Absent, v., c J-i t-*il£ gha'ib shudan ;

—in mind, J»lc ghafil ; Je\± ^^.ji

perishan-i-khater.

Abstain,!'., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan;

(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar-

Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez.

Absurd, jou^j bee hoodeh; ^/j***-?bee

ma'ani.

Absurdity, ^^a beehoodehgee.

Abundance, ,J^J faravani.

Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.

Abuse, v., yj^ »U£.> doshnam da-

Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.

Accelerate, v., ±J~ J-?3"

ta'ajeel

kardan.

Accept, v., ytjf^jj kabool kard.an.

Acceptance ^J \j>Aj pezeerdi'.

Access, cj/ fcwrb.

Accident, jlol itifak.M

Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.

Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.

VOCABT/LAKY.

Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee

Tcardan.

Accomplice, <2k^£. shareeJc.

Accomplish, v., ^ j»UStamam Tcar-

Accordingly, IJ*! le haza.

According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc ; ^^_^la mo-jib.

Account (news), j*z» Tchabar ; (mo-

ney), uL» hissab.

Account, v., yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan.

Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan.

Accuracy, i^*-" sihhat.

Accurate, ->*"" sahheeJih.

Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;

(false), o-^j' tuhmat.

Accuse, ^if oi^i shilcdet Jcardan ;

i>f\s.±\ ida'a Jcardan.

Accuse (falsely), ^j o»# tuhmatzadan.

Accuser, (J^= ]£ shalci ; ^<u muda'i ;

*#u mutahim.

Ache, ij* dard.

Ache, v., gsf i>ji>dard Jcardan.

Acid, <J>j tursh.

Acknowledge, v., o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jcar-

Acorn, kjijbaloot.

4 VOCABULAKY.

Acquaint, v., ^U U^l ashnd salch

tan ; a iUSt!W»1 -it-iZa dadan.

Acquaintance, U-l ashnd.

Acquire, v., ^jl »-iyaa fee tesaroofawardan ; ^t* ydftan.

Acquit, v., yj^j t-iW ma'af kardan;

{2zjTue>'h» khelass kardan.

Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.

Across,^--^jl az sar be sar.

Act, v., ^f kardan ; ^^J %e-moodan.

Action, ^as fi-el.

Actual, J*??*- hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh.

Add (arithmetic), v., ^j/a^. jam'kardan; (increase), O^js\afzoodan.

Adhere, v., ^J* chaspeedan ;

^ysjfjlai' ta'aluk giriftan.

Adhesive, e)U-~~*. chaspndk.

Admire, v., ^^x^jpasand kardan.

Admit, v., o^J*5 kabool kardan;

(to a room), ^f Ji-b ddkhel

kardan.

Admonish, v., ^ta otf^' naseehat

dadan.

Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.

Adopt, v., ^^j jUil ikhtidr ne-

moodan.

Adoration, o^Lc ibddet ; J^~^ P *

ris£es7i.

YOCABTJLAET.

Adore, v., ^^^ji peresteedan.

Adorn, v., &»\j\ arastan; ^[^jpee-

rastan.

Adulterate, v., *f tjli malhloot

kardan.

Adultery, lijzena.

Advance (money), v., ^ata J~ri peesh

dfidan ; (proceed), ^j J~j peesh

raftan.

Advance-guard, J5 l/» J~i peesh ka-

raool ; (advanced camp), a*-* J^i

peesh Tcheimeh ; (advanced in

years), ti>j^^> sal Tchoordeh.

Advantage, »J^ fai-edeh.

Adversary, &+Z* dosimian ; <-kj*

hareef ; j^^ vandal.

Adversity, \ held; j^^ lad bakhti.

Advertise, v., aaf j^> viuntesher

kardan; a&\a /-^ intishfir da-

Advice, \s^f naseehat.

Advise, v., d* o&* naseehat da-

Affair, jVkfir; j*\ amr.

Affidavit, ^S hasam.

Affirm, aifj)f\ Mrfir Jcardan.

Affirmation, j\j\ ikrar.

VOCABTTLAEY.

Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal),

^.i^gjnemooden.

Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor kardan ;

sy.e)U^ ghumnak boodan.

Affluence, ^J^j^ dowlet mundee..

Affluent, J^^j* dowlet onund.

Affront, v., ^f *s~j# bee hormat

kardan.

Afraid (to be), a*~>j tarseedan.

After, ±*> la' ad; u^fus.

Afternoon, j^- asr.

Afterwards, v. See After.

Again, jl> bdz ; ^^ do bdrah.

Against, <-i^« khelaf ; ^> zid ; J*1*-

mukabil.

Age,j+* umr.

Agent Jij vakeel.

Agile, jjfirx ; &j) zarang.

Agility, &J firzee ; J^jj zarangi.

Aggrandize, v., ±f ^jj->. btizurg

kardan.

Agree, v., c^> ^f>\rdzi shudan.

Agreement, j\j kardr.

Agriculture, u~p1j zaru'at.

Ague (and fever), j)3 ^ tab va larz.

Ah ! si ah; »\jvali ; J\j vdi.

Ahead, J~i peesh.

Aid, &Skomek ;«>J- medad.

Ail, 1'., o*#^ ^ee ^ boodan.

VOCABULARY.

Aim (object), &y*U mdhsood ; (tar-

get),-ullj nishdneh.

Aim, v., &*/ JjI/ Icaraool giriftan.

Air, lj*hawa.

Alarm, i^-t* *Mrs>' p**

^eem; uiji

fe/iof.

Alas. See Ah.

Alcove, i^A5 «^» s^"^ nesheen.

Alert, jl-A* hoshydr.

Alien, aJ^j beegdneh.

Alight, v., e)J^ *>»W piddeh shudan,

Alike,^ barabar ; Ji* raisl.

All, ** hameh.

Allegiance, o*U»l itd-at ; ifj\*j$*j

ferman berdari.

Alleviate, v., &*ff kam hardan.

Alliance, J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak.

Allow, v., ^\^guzdshtan ; ^b &**

izn dddan.

Alloy,j\? iydr.

Alloy, v., o*£M *V«r fccw^om.

Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb dadan.

Ally, £& ra/eefc; ,U a/ar ; cv-jJ

doost.

Almanack, *jj&jtahveem.

Almighty (the), JU J\>& khodd

ta'ald.

8 V0CABT7LAKY.

anAlmond, J^Ij bddam.

Almost, eloji nazdeek ; >-*>.J^

kareeb.

Alms, <wJw> sadakeh.

Aloe,^ sabr.

Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc.

Along, ^jljJo be derdzee.

Aloof, J^ ba'eed.

Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ;

(as a question), tjsj) ^ be een

zoodee.

Also, ** hum ; yj neez ; \J»\ a'izan.

Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liardan.

Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh.

Although, **f\ igur cheh.

Altitude, t^xL boolandi; clai'jl irtifa\

Altogether, **U bahum ; U^**. ja-mee'dn.

Alum, Jl'j zak.

Always, *£-* hameesheli.

Am (I), *x~a hastam.

Amanuensis, *_J: lf katib.

Amass, v., sjf*j? jam' kardan.

Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcardan.

Amazement, <—*s? ajab; o^ hayrat;

t—.s50 ta'ajub.

Ambassador, ,J*

eelchi.

Amber, \^ kahruba.

VOCABULARY.

Ambition, yj>j» Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar

buland.

Ambitious, Ji5jJb buland nazar.

Amble, &/_ yurgheh.

Amble, v., ^j &ji yurgheh raftan.

Ambuscade, v^Skameen.

Amend, v., ^j^o--,^ drust kardan;

cJiJT^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.

Amendment, **?*** tas'hheehh.

Amiable, iy^j^ ndzeneen.

Amity, j^j* doostee ; <J^*« mehri-

bdnee.

Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil.

Amount, *i*o mublagh.

Ample, \^i^kejdiet ; ^kafi.

Amputate, v., ^^ji buridan.

Anathema, e^aJ la'anat.o

Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.

Anchor, f£ langar.

Ancient, **J£ kadeem ; i^kohneh.

And, j xa, o.

Anecdote, a-oS kisseh.

Anew, y)\ azno.

Angel, *£>j ferishteh ;ell* malak.

Anger,^3 kahr.

Angle, jS'kung ; i^^goosheh.

Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.

10 YOCABULAET.

AnguJsh,jlj1 azdr.

Animal,jjSW jawwer s o^ haiwdn.

Animosity, i^Tceeneh; j+£± dosh-

mdni; ojIj^ adawat.[]chan i zoreki

Ankle, c^ srTwtssefc; J, 5j ^y^ ] ustu-

Annals, &,\y tawdreekh.

Annex, v., ^jH payvastan.

Annihilate, v., o*f^ tamdn Tear-

Announce, &&\*j& Wwhr dadan.

Anoint, «., ^f^Jrs charl kardan '

Another, f.s Jk yeki deeger.

Answer, vlja. jaivab.

Answer, v., &a\a v\j> jawal dadan.

Ant, ^jy murcheh.

Antagonist, u%» hareef; J>'*« mo-

kabil.

Antelope, 1p* jayran.

Anterior, c^r-s-i Jpeesheen.

Antimony,^ surmeh.

Anxiety, J^.^ tashveesh.

Any, ,*» lieech.

Apart, \J«. jwd# ; \y» seevd.

Apartment, ^y->manzel.

Aperient, J4-* mos'hil.

Apologize, v., tr-ly- jj* «zr TcMstan.

Apology,j <& uzr.

Apoplexy, *£~> sakMeh.

VOCABTTLAEY. 11

Apostle, Jj~^ resool.

Apothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-a dawfi-

Apparatus, uLI ashfib ; i=>511 alat.

Apparel, db_# poshfiTc.

Apparent, >lt zfiher ; ^vfizehh.

Appear, v.,^ o^.Uj nimayfin shu-

dan; ^J^ta^ nemoodfir shudan.

Appearence, y»Ui sa7ier; U5 nema .

jj£, zehoor.

Appertain, v., ^^ tfibeh shudan.

Appetite, l^l ishtiha.

Applaud, v., ^^.}\ afereen guftan.

Apple, <-~-» seeb.

Apply (to put together), v., atyj Islt

alka nemoodan; (to ask), ^^-^Tchdstdn ; c^/Jlf- soofil Teardan.

Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor Tcardan.

Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-et.

Apportion, v., dj/ow Tcismet kar-

Appraise, v., ^/c^" Tcaimat Tcar-

Apprehend (to sieze), v., jaf girif-

tan; (to fear), ±*~>J turseedan;

^\z &+s>\jvfihemeh dasMan.

Apprehension, v*J turs; a+*\j vfihe-

12 VOCABULARY.

Apprentice, ^/li shagird.

Approach, v., v&izj nazdeek.

Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^*

sawdbdeed.

Approve, v., ^^jJj—j pasandeedan ;

*p Jw-j pasand kardan.

Apricot, jlbj zard aloo.

Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik ; t_—»L«

Aquatic, <^1 abee.

Arbiter, cJU sd-liss.

Arbitrary, ,JU;zdlim.

Arch, jll» £a& ; ul^ mihrdb.

Archer, j ljiJ-» sadaltddr.

Architect, o-J^ mohandaz.

Archives,^!-

Is ^ deftiter.

Ardour, o^c gheirat.

Are, (v., Introduction).

Area, ^Ij^ maydan.

Argue, 'u., *f^sS guft o goo kar-

dan ; y^ib J^+zS' keshmdkishddshtan.

Arid, elli. khuskh, j>_[i bdyer.

Aries, J*a. hernial.

Aristocracy, ^y> buzurgdn.

Arithmetic, l-jL-s. hisdb.

Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.

Arm, jjl bazoo.

VOCABULARY. 13

Arm, v., j^x-jas^' asleheh bastan;

ly^jSkamar bastan.

Armoury, aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh.

Armour, j\j. yea rah.

Armpit, J*j baghal.

Arms, asM aslaha, t^j* o^l alat i

harbieh; elba. oj.il adawati jang.

Army, J& leshkar^jC^- asTcar.

Around, tj^ijfgerdagerd; j^ dor.

Arouse, v., ^^T^Ijuj beedar Tcardan.

Arrange, v., ^^0-,^ drust Tcardan;

^ta J*3 nazm dddan.

Arrangement, o~j j ^ band bast.

Arrear, JU bafct; a*3 tetumeh.

\ JLmI -sjJ

Arrest, v., j&f giHftan; ±fhabs Tcardan.

Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool

Arrive, v., &±~>j rasidan ; a

vdrid shudan.

Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.

Arrogant,jj^i* maghroor.

Arrogate, v., ^J U^l ida a Tcardan.

Arrow, j£ teer.Hi

Arsenal, *3 1* x&jubbeh Tchaneh.

Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.

Art, ^ /an ,• (jpl. yi /anoon-).

Artery, \^> sher'yan ; is), rag.

14 VOCABULAKY.

Articulate, v., oif^ talafuz kar-

Artifice, aL* Jieeleh.

Artificial, ^y** masnoo-ee.

Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh.

Artless, <-jj3j*j bee vekoof ;i*\~>

Seidell.

As, ay* clioon.

Ascend, v., ^J^l 91} bdld-dmadan ;

^jbol^j ber dmadan.

Ascertain, v., &sf&** tahkeek kar-

dan ; ^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan.

Ascribe, v., .o^ta c>»—i nisbat dadan.

Ash (tree), eLt^V»j zeban, gunjishk.

Ashamed, »J^u/. sharmandeh.

Ashes, i~^»ls. klictkistei:

Aside,jbTjJ der kendr ; <J>}> j* bar

taraf.

Ask, i?., cj J^-^i purseedan ; &*/$}*soodl kardan.

Asleep, sJ^j^i. kliabeedeh.

Asparagus, ajj^U war choobeh.

Ass, j* khar ; s$\ olak.

Assassin, <jy* khoonee ; Jjls fcatil.

Assassinate, v., ljd^kusJitan.

Assassination, Jx§ featl.

Assault (military), <u** hamleh ;

VOCABULAEY.

J.j^yoorish; pp hejoom ; (high-

way) o-ij'^ vah zadan.

Assault,!?., a&) zadan; (military), iU*

aaj>hamleh burdan ; &*jj\ fj**

hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*],

zf rah zani kardan ; (night),

^fjSju shalgeer kardan.

Assay (metal),jU iyar.

Assemblage, u-V majlis ; o***?»

jam'eeat.

Assemble, v., *J\ f)f feraham

dverdan ; *f <**=> iom'kardan ;

d^*5 Jgyrf tah-seel nemoodan.

jemd'at ; <j*hsc

Assembly, o*Ua.

majlis.

Assent, J/M pezerd-ee ; J^ kabool.

Assert, v., &sfj\j\ikrar kardan;

y&fi-aijsj ta'areef kardan.

Assertion, j \j>\ikrar.

Assiduous, J.*s* mukay-id.

Assign, v., ^^fv^ ta-yeen kardan.

Assist, ^U eUS" komek dadan ; aa*

^ib mojdad dadan.

Assistance, <&£' komek; ^ ydri;

ix» madad.

Assistant, j^i yar ; ;U-J dustyar.

16 YOCABULAET.

Associate, *)/**humrah ; c>-^U»

humdust; &j rafeek; e^ sliereek.

Associate, v., &f J>V» hamrahee

Icardan; ^^^ shereek shudan.

Assurance (certainty), &k yakeen ;

oJUUmowat; (trust),*\s&\ itakadj

(impudence), ^j^ bee sliurmee.

Assure, v., &*}&& Vdkeen kardan;

vzffi**-}^ kliaterjcim' kardan.

Asthma, u-» ** tangi' e nefass -

Astonish, »., d-*/ e>W *«*«**» fecw-

ckm ; (to be astonished), o-'/W 1

taajub kardan.

Astonishment, c-^' taajub.

Astrologer, ^ munajim.

Asunder, W jwda.

Asylum, staUj pendligah.

At, ^ wuza' ,• u^ pees/i.

Atheist, u^a duhri.

Athirst, a^i' tishneh.

Atmosphere, !j»hdwa.

Attach, v., ji~,j-ipayvastan.

Attach, A+=» hamleh ; J^ji yoorish ;

hijoom.

Attain, v., ^l* yaftan.

Attempt, v., ^^\ ikdam kardan;

^\g~>sa-ee kardan.

Attend (to be present), v., &*y. S"

VOCABTJLAET. 17

Mzer hoodan ; (to pay attention),

ij> v-Jj)j- mo-azib loodan.

Attendance, ux>^ khidmeb.

Attendant,^ noker ; j£-Ai fc/ad-

metgar.

Attention, a^y tavajuh ; o-Wj* we-

i>a;zet>w£.

Attest, v., bj^U o.sl«£ shehadet da-

Attire, v., ^ji pooslxeedan.

Attitude, £-»juuz'e.

Attorney, Jij vakeel.

Attract, v., ±~sfkeslieedan.

Attribute, v., &*\* i=*«~i nisbut da-

Auction, ^\jt hardj.

Aunt (paternal), <wc ummeh; (ma-

ternal), ilU. klialeli.

Auspicious, i=*aa eU neefc 6ttfcM.

Authentic, _^°sahheehh.

Authority, o,j5 kudrtit.

Autograph, Wj£->.> dust fcTmi.

Avarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~i- kliassees-

Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.

Avert, v., c),>

./'£f'3 ^a/'e kardan ;

jj\sfgardaneedan.

Avoid, v., ^J'^^ ijtenab kardan.

Avow, v., oifj\fi\ ikrdr kardan.

1% VOCABTJLAEY.

Await, v., a ±Z>Jaz^ muntezir shudan.

Awake, v., &sfj\<**> beeddr Tcardan.

Awake,jW* beeddr.

Away (absent), Lj-jIs gliaib.

Awe, \j»j turss ; <-»>» hhof.

Awhile, <JJ« mudetti; lJUj zamdni.

Awl, u^ darafsh.

Awry, J"fcej ; us—ljli ua ?'asi; j1j»»li

na hamvdr.

Axe, j~>tabar ; (pickaxe), eUT £o-

lan-ci.

Azure, ,j;j*-samavi ; l|I

Babe, as: bachali ; J^ ti/L

Baboon, ^^^ maymoon.

Bachelor, sjj* azctb.

Back, o T pwsW ;^ zahr ; (back

again), "jU bdz ; *j\>j&do-bdreh ;

u-j puss.

Backgammon, &j s& tdkht i nurd.

Bad, Jo bacL

Badge, &^ nishdn ; ex.'&e. aldmat.

Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's nose-bag),

yy tubreh; (sack), Jlj* jaual;

(saddle-bags), ^j* hhoorjeen ;

(carpet bag) a^- chanta.

VOCABULARY. 19

Baggage, & honeli ; yL! asbdb.

Bail, ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat.

Bailiff, Jij vakeel ; J-o** moliussil.

Bake (in oven), c^ii jyS j* der tanoor

•pookhtan ; e^ jpookhtan.

Baker, l_yU ndnvd.

Balance (scales), jj\j> tardzoo ; (of

an account) J>[) bake; a*i> tetum-

Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel.

Bale, az—j basteh.

Ball (playing), i_>jj toop ; (musket)

Aft' galooleli ; (globe), sjS^kureh,

Bamboo, &\;j± kliayzerdn.

Band (party), jo-^ dusteli.

Bandage, J^ bund.

Bandit, ^jt\j rdh zan ; ^ duzd.

Banish, v., cJ.^r_lj»l ikhrdj kardan.

Bank (of river), jSkendr ; t-J lub.

Bankrupt, y-la* mufliss ; az~&j ver-

shekesteh.

Banner, J& alam ; J^j bayduk.

Banquet, oiL» zidfat ; <iW> meh~

mdnee.

Bar, J*« meel ; (of a river), Jw» sudd;

Barb (of an arrow),jU. khdr.

Barbarian,^ ajnahi ; Vi> 9^'

Barber,A dalldh ; jU- salwawi.

Bare,^ herehneh; ^ arydn.

Bargain,jV kerdr ;as* ata.

Bargain, v, d ^3 -»W c _rie71 s,odon '

Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost.

Barley, 3* >.

Barracks, »W)V serlazhhaneh.

BarreKofagun),^looleh ; (cask),

Sr-4 PeeP- , x

Barren (land), ^ bfiyar.-j (season),

iClo. Tchuski.

Barricade, JL, sudd ; ^ bund.

VOCABULARY.

Barter, «., o>>/^U modvezeh Tear-

dan; ^/^moladelehkardan.Base, JJJ zaleeZ;^ fcato0r; (of a

building), aVft honydd.

Bashful, »J^> sharmandeh.

Basil (berb), dW, ree/iaw.

A.Jfkdseli.Basin, ^1 Zegraw;

Basket, J-- sabad; *is feu#0%j &j)

zanbeel-

Bastard, ^ f1>hardm zddeh.

Bastion, ^/.burj.

Bat (animal), ^ u^ s7mb pereh.

Bath, rU» hammdm.

Bathman, ^W* Jimvmdmi.

VOCABTJLAEY. 21

Bathe, ^j *La. hammam raftan.

Battle, t&j*jang ; 1^-i dd-wd.

Bawl, ^j tjxina'areh zadan.

Bay (sea), g±* Tchaleej ; (colour),j^kahar.

Bayonet, »js^-*sar nayzeh.

Be, »., £&y boodan ; c^~* hastan.Hi

Beach, sjbTfcenare/i; JoZshutt; Ja.Usa7ieZ.

Bead, jjla ddneh; i&o molvreh.

Beak,jlou murikdr ; «& n>«fc.

Beani,^a> teer.

Bean, ^iU bdkld.

Bear, y*^. khirss.

Bear (suffer), v., (0^) j^sAb J*as ta-

hamuldashtan,orkardan; (carry),

yj^j burdan.

Beard, ^j reesh.

Bearer, J*U. hdmil.

Beast, jylja* hayvdn ; jy\* janivar.

Beat, 1?., £•>; zadan; (conquer), ^Jte

^sXi glxdlib shudan.

Beautiful, o,^-> yi^i fcTios/i, soorat ;

jj jija. fc/ios7i roo ; <sLi» kashang.

Beau, s., ebis kasliang.

Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer fe/jor.

Because, il/j zeera fceh; d_j» choon.

Beckon, v., a&fsJJS>\ islidreh kardan.

22*VOCABUIiAET

Become, v., a±* shudan.

Bed, B^y. Miabgah.

Bedding, M^5^ rakht * kMh -

Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk M>05fc'

Bedfellow, v^r* ham Wldl - B

sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd; v^molafeh.

Bee,^j zanboor; J-^J *<*»boor-

i-asal.

Beer, 3* ^ 06 ijo.

Beetroot, jJ^ cheghondar.

Befal, i'., tfJ£ o*> «™z sMdan -

Before, jM PeesJl » J** peeahter ;

Jjlaval.

Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-eeTcardan.

Beggar, \SSTgeda.

Begin, v., c^/er **M™'*ardan -

Beginning, \<&\ ibtidd ; Jj\ avaZ.

Behalf, AJj vaseteh.

Behave (respectfully), v., 0^ M^adab beja aivardan; (carelessly),

^JA J»l* gM/ZZ sTwdan.

Behaviour, oi> harakat ; (good),

^i\ aclab.

Behind, u-j pus; ^ ahab ; c^pusht.

Behold, ^/xK negdhhardan; UW

j ^ftamasba lardan.

VOCABULAET. 23

Belch, v., i$j\ arogh (vulg. oroh)

Jcardan.

Belief, .ilL^l itikdd ; ^UjI ayman.

Believe, v., $f})\> haver kardan ;

cJiib .ilLxsl itikad dashtan.

Bell, ebj zang.

Belly, J3. shulcum.

Belong, v., <xi, jjlsx* muta,

alah shu-

Beloved, jijc azsez.

Below, jij zeer.

Belt, ^jSkummerband.Bemoan, y±jy» i^-^~il afsooss khur-

Bend, v., sf'

j» khum Tcardan.

Beneath, jij zeer ; oj£ taht.

Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.

Benefit, v., tJ~jSZj neekoo kardan

£*fjt±. khair kardan.

Benevolence, ^y- j** khair kliahee.

Benevolent, slji^ khair khdh.

Bent (past of to bend), S'kej ; J-

Bequeath, v., d^c>s-»j veseeyet kar-

dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan.

Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.

Beseech, ^^T^UxJl iltimass kardan ;

24 YOCABTTLABY.

^^IcjiJ istida'a kardan ; ^J>j^

^sfarz liardan.

Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan.

Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _^a

pahloo.

Besides, iy^s- eldveh.

Besiege, ^^j^W mohassereh kar-

Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.

Best, tf.jH* behtereen,.

Bestir, ^ify^Sj^. harakat kardan.

Bestow, S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi

bakhshesh kardan ; ^J^a, bakh-

slieedan.

Bet, \>jtishart ; jjo nuzr.

Bet, v., ir^~j\>jt>

shart bastan ; j J5

j;^—> nuzr bastan.

Betray, v., ^^5 oj^ khidnat ne-

moodan.

Betroth, v., d^T^l3 namzad kardan.

Better,^? behter.

Between, ^L* midn ; ca-> bayn.

Beverage, u-jji shurbut.

Bevy, xjj" grooh.

Bewail, v., ^^j^- (_^-j—»1 afsooss khur-

Beware, v., ^oi. j\*j?* khabrddr

shudan; ^^ tV] dgah boodan ;

^ji aik* mutili' shudan.

VOCABULARY. 25

Beyond, i_i^a>i an taraf; c^ ^1 an

Bible, w>&» i->\£* kitab-i-molcaddas.

Old Test. &\jy torat. New Test.

J-s^ anjeel.

Bid (order), ^U ^jUy/ermaw dddan.

Bier, o»jIj taboot.

Big, djjj buzurg.

Bigot, Lg^wgj mttta-assib.

Bile, !/*» sufra.

Bill (money), s!^ herat; (of a bird),

Bind, v., j^—j bastan.

Biped, ii'^j^ dojpdyah.

Bird, c^* murgh.

Birtb, J^« mowlood; jJy tavalud.

—day, t^fe&f?- eed i mowlood.

Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekkeh;

(snaffle), \jjy£.\ab khoory ; (curb),

is** dahaneh ; (curb chain), j^jzanjeer.

Bitch, eL* ».ilo mddeh sag.

Bite, i\, ^_f gazeedan ; ^f gtjfa

denddn giriftan.

Bitter, Jj talkh.

Bitterness, j^ talkhi.

Black, *t-» siydh.

Blackbird^L sdr.

Blacken, v., &/*+ siyah lardan.

Blackguard, .dj-lj-hardmzadeli.

Blacksmith, £»\ ahenger.

Blame, je*3 takseer ;^ ^eta '>

sbT gunah.

Blameless,>U tf*<*^seer '

Bland, pi*.mol«i/em.

Blanket,& petoh.

Blaze, ^ shuuleh ; $* 0X0.

Bleach, v., &f*>* sefeed lcardan -

Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan;tj d, rag zadan.

Blemish, y-~? anjb*

Ble8B,i;.,o^^ w"barttidadaW

VOCABtTLAET.

Blessing, o^? larakat.

Blind, ,/fcoor ; (window), ** par-

Blind, v., v*fjfkoorUrdan.

zadan.

Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.

Blister, A>\ abileh.

Block, sj3teereh.

Blockhead, j—1 alimdk.

Blood, y» fcTioon.

Bloodshed, J^ kail ; &jy> ^oon '

reezy.

Bloody, ^> Tihoonee.

VOCABTTLABY. 27

Bloom, ihj&> shekoofeh.

Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul.

Blot (stain),ad) lekeh.

Blow, ^y> zarb.

Blow, v., o^jjj varzeedan.

Blue, ^jfalee ; ijfkebood; (dark),

Ju> neeli ; (light), &*)}j<? feeroo-

zeh-ee.

Blunder, 'J** kheta ; laic ghalat.

Blunt, J^ kund.

Blush, v., ^J^ 3f>j-*surkhroo shu-

Boar, e)ji fcTioofc ; ^» khanzeer.

Board, a^i takhteh.

Boast, <-i^ laf ; ,jZ>jj» •>>» fc7iw<2

/roos7iee.

Boast, v., ^^j <-i^l laf zadan.

Boat, Li?^ kerejee ; j~£ keshti ;

£) lotka.

Boatman, ^ j*S kerejee ban.

Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.

Body, *> badan; J> tan ; (dead),

jl^l AasTi.

Bog, ivh&p murdab.

Boil, v., oif ji ^ abpuz-kardan ;

^jujj^a. joosheeddn ; ^^ \J>j*-

joosh dadan.

Bold,^^ dileer ; jj~*> jassoor.

Bolster, &> mutaka ; soi*

adeh.w

Bond (for debt), cL~»J tamasulc ;

(ligament), J^ bund ; J^J A:a?/d.

Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri ; \jJ*>J^girif-tari.

Bone, ^>£~^ ustikhan.

Book, ^JtTketab; —keeper, u«ls*

mohdssib ; ;b jiz daftar dar ;—

binder, uJU-» sahc/f;—

seller,

^jj L_>l6 Icetab feroosh.

Boot, *£*. chekmeh.

Booty, o,lc glutrat.

Border, tJ^S'kenuveh; ^b daman.

VOCABTJLAET.

inulih- Bore, r., i^f ^jy sooraTch kardan.

Born, &£y> moivlood.

Borrow, v., ^^\j>J karz giriftan.

Bosom, a~-. seeneh.

Both, j^/» liardo.

Bottle, A^ii sheesheh ; ^^ butree ;

eXo tung.

Bottom, j>_jzeer ; c^ taht.

Bough, ^M> sliakh.

Bought, sJo^i- khareedeh.

Boundary, da. hud ; J^-j sarhud.

Bound (gratified), ^y** mamnoon ;

(obliged), jy^s* majboor ; (tied),

busteh.

VOCABUIAEY. 29

Bounteous, Jil> bdzil.

Bounty, Ja? bazl.

Bow }C)Uffeem«n; u-j5 ^os;—maker,

yTiUT Icemanger ; saddle— , J^Tcaltdlc.

Bow (reverence), ^ku ta'azeem.

Bowels, s&jjroodeh.

Bowl, ,.1?. jam; ^Xltdseh.

Box, jjJ^-» sandook ; (small),

ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree), .i

sliemshdd' ; (theatre), U^VL tak

nemd; (on the ear), ,J~>seelee.

Box, «., &*) «^-£m> musht zadan.

Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.

i*£3*

Boyhood, ,j\y>- jdwdni.

Bracelet, Sjj y} \> bazoo band.

Brackish, jy> shoor.

Brag, v., ^j «—s"^ Idf zadan.

Braid, v. ^l* bdftan.

Braid, s.,j\y navdr.

Brain, sU^ demdgh.

Bramble, jl» fc7i«r.

Bran, i^r- sabooss.

Branch, ~\2> shdhh.

Brand, &U d##7i,

Brand, t1

., a"3/"^ ^a^1 Cardan.

Brasier (brass-worker), ^C~ m'iss

30YOCABULAEY.

Brass, Jj> Urenj.

Brave, Z>\^ hajura* at ; ^ shuja.

Bravery, x>\j> jura' at; o*W* shu-

ja'at. (

Bravo ! (exclamation) &j\ afereen.

Bray (of a donkey), &ff f a™r

Tcardan.

Breach (opening),«-»Ki shekaf.

Bread, U rwm (vulg. pr. noon).

Breadth, W* patina.

Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; —faith,

-j& ^a s7iari sliekastan; —one's

word,^ Jy fcol sliekastan.

Breakfast, jW weMr.

Breast, a~-> seeneh.

Breath, u-w Tie/ass.

Breathe, v., o^u-" nefasskesliee-

Breeze, -s-J noseew.

Brethren, c^jj braderdn.

Brevity, j\*&-\ikhtissdr.

Briar, ^U. &&«*••

Bribe, *j£,risTireTt ; JJ^j fcarteeZ.

Bribe, *., o^b yA, WsfouaTi d^dan.

Brick (unburnt),o^ khisU ;

(baked), ,J «jw; (tile), *jf

kooreh ; -maker, JUo^ &&*&*'

YOCABTTLAEY. 31

Bride, u-j^ arooss ; —groom, &L\*

ddmdd.

Bridge, s., Jj pul.

Bridle, s., <u*»> dehaneh.

Bridle, v., ^.s^ajjo dehaneh kardan.

Brief, s\ijTkootah ; j-*& mukhtasser.

Briefly, \j<£& mukhtussirdn ; fcaSJI

il kisseh ; -»WU b'iljumleh.

Bright, adj., ^jj roshan.

Brighten, v., ^U ^jj roshan

sakhtan.

Brightness, fj^jj roshnaee.

Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl

dbddr.

Brim, t-J lub.

Brimful,j+J IvJbreez.

Brimstone, sffgoogird.

Brine, }y^\ ab-shoor.

Bring, v., &*j}\ awardan, or averdan.

Brink, lJ lub ; }\^kendr.

Brisk, Jl?. juld; JoUj o-^ c?w$£ o

chabook.

Briskness, ^^L. juldee.

Brittle, djU ndzuk.

Broad, ^pV» ; u*^ areez.

Brocade, LgJj^^3 kolabdoozee.

Broken, a=~Jw> shekesteh.Ml

Broker, J"^ deZ«I.

32YOCABTFLARY.

Brook,> nalvr.

Broom, u^U J"roob -

Broth,^ shorU.

Brother,^ brod-r/

(adopted),

«ji\y.j^^«der kh'andeh.

Brought, rtj «werdefc, or aiourdeTi

Brown, «^ fc^^a^T/rfgandoom goon ; J^ ^kee > ^a horse),> fcaTiar.

Browse, «., .^ chereedan.

Bruise, vjj*zurl.

Brush s., J*j br«s7i; (hair), r-u-^

whX£i (clothes), e)^jmahootpak toons (wood),

^he&meh.

Brute, tfV- /iayv«w.

Bubhle, i->^» 7iw6«b.

Bucket,^ dulu.

Buckle, el>*- sei/e7c.

Bud, **V ghunchehi »f* shetoofeh.

Buffalo, j^^gclvmeesh.

Bug, u- 1-" s^ ss *

Bugle, j_^is7iaypoor.

Build, v., cv»A beu^ fcar(2au; J^c)

j.jrbenn^-ee-fcai"dau.

Builder, *U> ben-na.

Building, Jl*balm** J c>A*

imdrat.

VOCABULARY. 33

Bulb, jL$ peedz.

Bull, i^J nur gdv.

Bullet, A^f gelooleh.

Bullrush, kjj> burydh.

Bunch, &2>y» khoosheh ; a=-».j dusteh.

Bundle, ax—j busteh ; as5? bukcheh.

Burden, s.,j\i bar.

Burden,!'., o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan.

Burial, ij^c*. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen.

Burn, v., ij&-j~> sookhtan.

Burnish, v., ^ta ^ jeld dddan.

Burst,!., ^sfj tarakeedan ; ^\£Lshekdftan.

Bury, v., ^sf ^z duf'n kardan ;

^^TdU. khdk kardan.

Bush, ai} buteh.

Business, Jfkdr ; Jii. shugh'l.

Bustard, tjyt. hooberreh.

Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.

Busy, s., J^ii* mushghool.

Busy, v., 2>jf ^yJL* mushghool kar-

But, jQ laykin ; U! am-ma.

Butcher, i_>L>9 kassub.

Butler, ^kl3 ndzir.

Butt (mark), ailii nishdneh ; (of a

gun), (jlj-3 konddk.

Butter, sj^kcreh.

Butterfly, *>\jjj parvdneh.

34 VOCABTTLAEY.

Button, dJ^j pulek ; a*Sj dukmeh.

Buy, v., &^.J» hilareedan ; ±f e\^\

ibtid kardan.

Buyer, j^.j* kJvareeddr ; \jj£~*

mushtery.

By, jl aa; k bd.

Cabbage Jfkalam.

Cabin, jlkl otdk.

Cabinet, *$!$)* doldbcheh.

Cage, vJS kafass.

Cajole, v., ±f\Jo ]y navdzesh kar-

Cake, J^ komdj ; ^.jtf J^> ndn i

shireen.

Calamity, toil dfat; "&> beld.

Calculate, v., cJ ^/'vr)L«a. hissdb kar-

dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.

Caldron, u&a deeg.

Calendar, mju takveem.

Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.

Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*.khosh nevees-

Call, v., O i>j-S~\x~o sedd kardan;

jjjjJJ* talabeedan ; (out) i>j^b

dad zadan; (to account) oi^Ji*mas'ool kardan.

TOCABULAET. 35

Call, s., \ J-» sedd ; iJJ nedd ; ^b dad ;

eUU bong.

Calm, s., Ai ardm; o^L sdkat;

^^L. moldyem.

Calm, v., u^ fV or«m kardan;

ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan.

Calumniate, v., ^.jj o^j tuhmat

zadan; ^y&'si bad guften.

Camel, ^i- shutur. — driver, q^jAshut-urban.

Camp, j£j\urdoo.

Camphor, }y>V kdfoor.

Can, s., **y* doolcheh.

Canal, »\j>'\ dbrdh; J Us handl.

Cancel, v., ^f Jkl? baieZ Tcardan.

Cancer, ^Uj^ surtan.

Candid, cJU sdf; JjJw» sadeeh; \J>J^.

bee gharaz.

Candle, ££ shani'e.

Candy (sugar), oUi nabdt.

Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney shelcer;

(walking), L»* asd; ±>f$ choob ;

^»,.1«jtaaleemi.

Cannibal,j ly. *^1 «da?ra khor.

Cannon, ujy toop.

Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi.

Cannot (it cannot be), *jt~^ neh mi

shavad; o—s* jyC* murrikin neest;

36 VOCABULAET.

(I cannot do), J& f\y+& neh mitd-

ivdnam bekunam.

Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.

Cap, t^lcola.

Capable, J>U kabil.

Capacious, *~~j vasee'.

Capital (of a county), ois ^V P^takht.

Cape (headland), acL.5 demdgheh.3

Caper (jump), j^-o—» just o kheez ;

(plant), jS" Tcdber.

Capitulate, v., ±\a *Jl-J tasleem da-

dan.> '.

Captious, Ty4 lojooj.

Captivate,?;., o^siJ^J* dilroha'i kar-

Captive, j~»\ aseer; u*^s* maliboos ;

(to take) ^fj^A aseer giriftan.

Captivity, J-9 kayd; ^J^sjTgiriftaree.

Caravan, \^kdrawdn; JiU kdfileh;

ijlr1 ^J^ kdrawdn serai.

Carcass, ^^ lash.

Cards (playing), jjj varak; <u*P gun-

jafeh.in

Cardboard, \yU mukavd.ttl

Care, c^*a him-mut; <jj\&k» khabr

ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.

VOCABTTLABY. 37

Careful (to be), ^^fLUa.1 ihtiyat

kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shu-

Careless, kUa*.!^ bee ihtiyat.

Caress, v., ^-^y navdkhtan.

Caress, jli ndz; \J»j\y>navdzish.

Cargo, j U bar.

Carnage, J» katl; ^jjij &j± khoon

reezee.

Carnation (flower), e%° meekhek.

Carnelian, j-Jic akeek.

Carpenter, jU najjdr.

Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh; ^Tcdlee.

Carriage, t&j* droshTceh; jOIT ka-

leskeh; (of things), ^ La. hamdlee.

Carrion, ^"i Idsh. — eater, J\y» yi^l

lashkhor.

Carrot, e)j,j zardek; £y>. haveej.

Carry, v., tj> burdan; zjT J^a.

haml kardan.

Cart, i>\f- erdbeh; ^ gdree.

Cartridge, <&£6 fashang.

Carve, v., J±j bureedan.

Cascade, jUujI dbshar.

Case (legal), a*jJu> mukadammeh;

(box,large), jjX^sandook; (sheath),i_i}U gheldf; (pen case), ^IJ-Js ka-

38 VOCABTJLAEY.

lamddn; (condition), cJU. hdlat;

(in no), **•_)$# be heech vuj'h;

(statement of), JU. <jjs. arz-hdl.

Cash, J& nukd.

Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr.

Cask, 1--^ peep.

Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.

Cast, v., jyii.ljJl anddkhtan.

Castle, Asia kala'eh.

Castor oil el^S^cj^ roghan karchek;

i[ft ^jj roghan cherdgh.

Castrate, v., sjT*x»\ akhteh kardan.

Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee.

Cat, iij'gurbeh.

Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.

Catarrh, -ISj zukdm; &y nazleh.

Catastrophe, "k> fceZ#.

Catch, v.j cr»/' giriftan. — cold,

&3jy» \»j* sermd khurdan; ^J^l*.

chd'idan.

Catchword, ^b pasekh.

Catechise, v., ^^Jlj-j sooaZ kardan.

Cauliflower, JT^lTkalam gul.

Cause (reason), c---. subub; C*U

Cause, v., sJ'kardan.

Caused, tsfkardeh.

YOCABULARY. 39

Caustic (nitrate of silver), ^t-^

sang i jehennum.

Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU dagh kardan.

Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.

Cautious, kU»ll; ha ihtidt.

Cavalcade,j 1^-.«—s dusteh sawdr.

Cavalier (horseman), j\>~»sawdr.

Cavalry, ^j- sawdran.

Cave,jlc ghdr.

Cease, u, &f *-*$y* mowkoof Tear-

Ceiling, <-&-> sukf.

Celebrated, ^*- mdroof; jj^»mash-hoor.

Celerity, ^^ chdbukee.

Cellar, &+jf..jzeer zdrneen.

Cement,^j,j\~>

sdrooj.

Cemetery, ^1^5 kabristdn.

Censure, J*jj»> sarzanish.

Cent, jTgraz.

Centipede, \>J\j* hezdrpd.

Centre, ajW« midneh; la~»jvast.

Century, aJUj-» sad sdleh.

Ceremony, uXl taUeef; <Jfc taka-

Certain, && yakeen; g*°saheehh.

Certainly, Z}\ albetta; <s&"h leld

40 TOCABULAEY.

Certificate, a«Ij c^^ rezdyet nameh.

Certify, v., ^.sta sjl^i, shehddet liar-

Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.

Chagrin, *£• ghum.

Chain, j^j zanjeer.

Chain, v., ^jT^j zanjeer Tcardan.

Chair, ^J^ sandali.

Chalk, J-a-» Jf gil-i-safeed.

Chamber, tj^- hujreh; jltjl otdk;

*il». khdneh.

Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee.

Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.

Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\ itifdk.

Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh.

Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chirdgh.

Change, jJu taghieer; (money), *$jy»

khoordeh.

Change, v., ydzjJZ taghieerdddan;

cjV u^ avaz kardan; ^J J Jo

badal kardan.

Channel, ^jjsfi mujrd.

Chapel, Os-** musjid.

Chapter, ^U bub ; J-oj fusl.

Character (writing), *-»/-»• harf;

YOCABULABY. 41

(reputation), 3j\ dbroo; (good),

J.U5Q neekndm; (bad), |.U^»bad-

Charcoal, Jlej zughal.

Charge (custody), oiU imanet ; (v.,

(accusation), oj^ shekdyet; c^i

tuhmat; (of soldiery), A** hamleJi.

Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms),

khairdt ; <w.x« sadakat.

Charm (amulet), Uj> du-a.

Chart, *£»£ nuksheh.

Chase,j&. shekar.

Chase, v., &*/]&> shekar kardan.

Chasm, <-i&i> shekdf.

Chaste, ^\<&\ pdkddmen ; y»U» iaTi-

Chastise, ^jT^u-uj tanbeeh kardan.

Chastity, ^tae)^ pdkddmeni.

Chat, j&S gzift o goo.

Chattels, »->L-l «sbab ; Li.1 dshiyd ;

JU wiaL

Cheap, ^Ijjl cwzart.

Cheapen, v., a*j&» &))J arzdn kar-

Cheat, v., ^ab c-o> /areeb dadtan ;

Check, o«jU« memana'at.

Check, -Wbj c^^ wa'e kardan.

42 VOCABTTLAKY.

Checkmate, oL »l- shah mat, or oLmat.

Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan.

Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^>} \s. driz.

Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ;

y^L. JW**^i. khosh hdl sdkhtan.

Cheerful, isJUr^i. khosh hdlat;

khandeh roo.

Cheese,^ paneer.

Cherish, v., ^^ToiUa. hamayet kar-

dan ; o^jJL^ parvareedan.

Cherisher,^ parvar.

Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;

(morella), j]yi alabaloo.

Chess, jj**> shatranj.

Chessman,^, muhr ; king, »t- shah;

queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y rukh;

bishop, Js» feel ; knight, »-— 1 asp ;

pawn, »^Lj piddeh.Chest (box), <jjX** sandook; ^IJis

yakhddn ; (breast), <i~-» seeneh.

Chestnut,^ »li shah baloot;(co\oxir) ,

tskjTkorang.

Chew, v., Q^iy? javeedan.

Chicken, a*.j*. joojeh.

Chide, v.j zf^jj~> sarzanish kar-

Chief, tr-jj rey-iss ; tiLyt buzurg.

VOCABULARY. 43

Chiefly,^ akser; UU ghdliban.

Child,* isi bacha.

Childhood, J^. bachagee.

Chill, \+j» sarmd.

Chilly, ^r» sard ; eLi. khanuk.

Chimney, jX'*)* dood hash.

Chin, aJU. chdneh.

China (country), v& cheen ; (porce-

lain), jj-^ cheenee.

Chintz, o** cheet.

Chisel, aJw! eskeneh.

* This word is used by Persians whencalling for their servants—a remnant of

feudal times.

Choice, oU*3! inthikhab.

Choke, v., ly^Tito. khufeh Tcardan.

Cholera, *1jjvebd.

Choose, v., ^/m^5' intikhab kar-

Chosen, «-»i^ muntikhib.

Christ, ^^ c^a* Huzret i Eesd.

Christian, ,jrj~~c-Eesdvl.

Chuckle, *f J^-vJ lubkhund kar-

Cinder, )y* *s» neemsooz.

Cinnamon, j** j\?darcheeni.

Cipher (secret writing), J>j rumz.

Circle, *jjb ddyereh.

44 VOCABULAEY.

Circulate, v., sf [J,i>j' gerdesh ~kar-

Circumspect, j Lla hoshydr.

Circumstance, iz+JS hey'-fee- at.

Cistern, «U chdh; ^Lil t_»l db-ambdr.

Citizen, (^- shahri.

Citadel, d,l a?'gr.

Citron, dJ^U bddrang.

City,j4& shahr.

Civil, w)^ moad-dub.

Civility, u->^1 adwb.

Claim, v-JJ» talab ; »U^1 ida'd.

Claim, v., ^.sjT *U.iWcZa'a Jcardan;

(to Lave a), ^Ij t_-it talab ddsh-

Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.

Clamour, tlj farydd.

Clan, 4wll» tdyefeh.

Clandestine, ^^ mukhfee.

Classify, v., ^i/^iL sdfhardan.

Claw, isLa. chang.

Clay, JTsftlL

Clean, db pat.

Clean, v., ^^T e)b pat Tcardan.

Cleanliness, ^/ij^i pdheezegee.

Clear, lJU s#/.

VOCABULABY. 45

Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar.

Clemency, ^ rahhm.

Clerk, sJ±~jy neveessendeh.

Clever, Jo*lib ddneshmund ; <J>j*\>

bd hoosh.

Climate, \y» vl db o hawd.

Clock, c^L sd-at.

Clockmaker, jLo*!- sd-at sdz.

Clod, -.^ kelookh.

Close, v., c^~j bustan.

Close (near), vk±j> nazdeek.

Cloth, ojJkL mahoot; (table), »>-

sufra; (saddle),^"Jj* arak geer.

Clothe, v., >yj\-*>i pooshaneedan.

Clothes (clothing), o», rukht ; o^i,

rukhoot ; u-U lebdss ; (bed), c>i.j

^jlji.rukht-i-khdb.

Cloud, j>\abr.

Clove (spice),<&&* meekhek.

Clover, && yungia.

Club (stick), jU* chomdk ;— to-

gether, ^jfiii'!^ slierdket kardan.

Coal, eL- Jlfcj swgrfral i sang ; (char-

coal), J^J zughdl.

Coarse, o^>> drusht.

Coast, ij\£~kindreh.

Coat, ^ fcafca.

Cobweb, &yfr wpvdeKatikeboot.

Cock (bird), u-j>^oos 5 ^'^sheer; (gun), jU* cWmai

Coffee, j^5 kahveh.

Coffin, c^ taboo*.

Coil, ^i yeecfc.

Coin, ^- sikkeh.

Coin, *., ^J & "»* zadan '

Cold, *., V soma"; (rheum), fi

zulidm; *j>nuzleh.

Cold, adj., Aj*sard.

Colic, gi peecli.

hamYOCA.BTJLABY.

Colleague, &?j rafeeh ; *~** r*

w/iwisub.

Collect, *., o^/e^ 'W fcordan -

College, i-,J- medresseh.

Colonel, bLv- sarfcong. Lieut.-

colonel, eUr- w*« »uw?> sarhang.

Colour, «&, rang.

Colour, v., *>f&j rang hardan, or

i\ &j rang zadan.

Colt, tfMrreh.

Column, aj~ setoon.

Comb, *3^ shtineh.

Combat, \?& dawa.

Come, v., o^ amadan.

VOCABULABY. 47

Come, imp., Lj lee-ah.>

Comet, j\& f* ij\z->stdreh dum ddr.

Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald ;

(ease), o»]j rdhat.

Comfort, v., o*fL^ tessald lardan.

Comical, ds-** muz- hik.

Coming (future), *J±>.\ dyendeh. —and going, >x- tx»\ drnad o shud.

Command,^ hukm; J^>J fermdn ;

•J dmr.

Command, v., ^r-J fermoodan ;

^ata ^>J> ferman dddan.

Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh.

Commend, v., c,^T«-ai/aJ ta'areefkar-

Commendation, *-»*/« ta'areef.

Commerce, c^U: tejdret.

Common (universal), ^y& emoo-

mee; (plenty), ^J feravdn.

Commotion, \zS^- harakat.

Communicate, v., ^J j\&>\ iz'har

kardan.

Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^ ham

Company, u-W* mijliss ; (soldiers),

JutjJ'goroohdn.

Comparatively,U~J nisbetan.

VOCABULARY.«o YOCAiJU-LAiix.

Compare, •, <fif'A»U ^rMbdek I Competence, M****kardan.

Compass, U3 aL5 kibleh nemdh.

Compassion, &£• meru-at ; fjrahm.

Compassionate, ^j rahman ; s-*^

-», sahib rahm; &3j* ^ ba me-

Compatible, u—U mwnassib.

Compel, v., oi,j\ j3)*oor awardan.

Compensate, a*fj^-

tel«/i fcardan-

^\* J>^ avaz dadan.

ompelafi.

Competent, Ji$ la'ik.

Complacent, Jj^y. khdshdil.

Complain, «., *•>/ *>&> shekayat

kardan ; ^ nalidan.

Complainer, ^^^ shakee.^

Complaint, o>J& shekdyet; X gel-

leh; *\>Jferyad.

Complaisance, J>y» ^ dilkhdshi.

Complete, rU tamdm.

Complete, v., &f^ *a™"~™ kai"

dan.aaiv,

.-. , Complex, &j> & peech der peech

Compensation, J>f avaz; ^ te-| ^ f .^ > ^ mnMUt i roo .

I Complexion,/; *, rang i roo.

VOCABTJLAET. 49

Compliance, cwUj rezdyet.

Complicate, sf ***# peecheedehIcardan.

Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee.

Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ; j.^-.

saldm ; e>~# tahhniet.

Compliment, v., O^o~4> tahhniet

Icardan; ^ata j»^-»saldm dadan ;

&*jj\ W*. <-^' takaluf be jd dwar-

Comply, v., ^ ^j rdzi shudan ;

^•JjTJ^J Icabool Icardan.

Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb Icardan ;

(a difference), ^•aU ^> selahh

dddan.

Composer, Cii** musannif.

Comprehend, v., J~+& fahmeedan ;

yzjT^^ji dar ydfi Icardan,

Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh.

Compromise, v., ^j^aJlo. musdlih-

heh Icardan.

Compulsion,^} zoor ; j*> jubr.

Compunction, i-s-Ij ta-asuf.

Conceal, v., o'ifo^H penhdn Icardan.

Concede, v., &*\* «jW-l ijdzeh dddan.

Conceited, jjju maghroor.

Concern, ^\i *s^ ildlceh ddshtan;

^xib J»^ dukhl ddshtan.

Concession, *jM ijazeh.

50VOCABTJLAET.

Conciliate,v,^/^5 *^^^^

dan; ^f^j Bdzilardan.

Concise, j^^ muUasser.

Conclude, w ., ^/fU tomam tor

e,^^ fe/iatm feardaw.

Conclusion, ^ Ma*™ ; >1 fl^er-

Concubine, ***-> seegheh.

Concur, «.,^ J*V movafihsJiv^m.Condemn, ».,^^ (^

^seyasset dddan.

Condition, JW Ml* c^ ^let '

J^\ aliwal; i*f bay fiVet; &imfe; (stipulation),V shurt.

Conditional,^ ba s7iuri.

Conduct,j^j ra/tar.

Conduct, v., 0*1 bfirdan,; (lead, as

troops), ^kesheedan.

Conductor, LJ t\jrah nema.

Confer (discuss), v., a/v^Jl£sooal o jawab Tcardan; *S^*~

moUlemeh lardan; (give), ^^.

luhhsheedan ; a*\* dddan.

Confess, v., ^fjjb «»* torda^.

Confession,^ *™r; u*1^1 t'tara/.

Confide, «., 0*/^ b^»" feardarl;

d^T,iUfr\ itimad Tcovrdan.

Confidence, -sUp! itimad.

V0CABT7LAET. 51

Confine (imprison), v., cJ^T'Lr-a. hubs

kardan ; ^J^jjj bund kardan.

Confirm (investigate), v., ^sjT £<&£tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen),

^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify),

jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan.

Confiscate, v., i>jf)*~<> zubt kardan.

Conflict, el-La. jung ; ^ji. j jj zad o

khurd.

Confound, v., gdj *«y bar hum zadan;

^jjy evjLc" makhloot kardan.

Confuse, v., j^U y\£±ji perishdn

sdkhtan ; $$f yii^J tashveesh

kardan.

Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash; y^i*mustarib.

Confusion, ol^kil istirdb.

Confute, v., iJ~^>\ja.)l Idjawdb kar-dan.

Congratulate, v., ^y^iLfJU mobarekbad guftan; *f ^~;~$ tuhnietkardan.

Congratulation, ^.slTjL. mobarekbddi ; ts-ytf tuhyiiet.

Conjugate, v., ^j^ *+*.jam' shudan.

Conjecture, \£ gemdn ; J& zun.

Conjecture, v., ^sf yU'gemdn kar-

Conjurer, jb «3* hokkeh bdz.

YOCABTJLAEY.52

Connect, v., ^jH payvastan; J-y

,sU i"usl dadan.

Connivance, ^jj ^ •*«*» 3300.

she ; u*^ ighmaz.

Connive, «., tt*** r^ desta ^00 '

•Mdofi; ^/^UWfffcnwafcarda*.

Connoisseur, u-^ s7reria"ss (with

the requisitesubstantive before it

as asp-shenass,a connoisseur of

hoi'ses).

Conquer, v., *>/#M™ kardan.

Conscious, fV\ agah.

Consecutive,^^W ^ ^ J

Uti, nedee/j i3*l*j rea«o/et.

Consent, Jy* kabooU} ^Su L, reas«

mwidi.

Consent, v., o^ i*4 **» 57lMdcm ;

e^/M** kalool kardan.

Consequence, afr5 nateejeh ; *>jA

dkherat.

Consider, v., o*//5 &? £"*£'"

^zjTuM** motale-eh kardan; &**&*

sanjeedan.

Consideration (thoughts), >5 .prj

^s tafdkur; (importance), jU»\

Consign (give in charge), ^- su-

purdam>.

VOCABULARY.

murakib shudan.

Consist,^, ^Ji

Console,^., ^^S^JLm tussald kardan

Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.

Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; jWl itifdk;

^ai' ta'ahood.

Constancy, Uj ve/«.

Constant,^ U 5 vefd dar; jIj dayem;

J-c mutassil.w

Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa eZ itissal ;

&Z~*jb hamoesheh.

Consternation, (J^«» hayrdni.

Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.

Consult, v., sfkardan.

CJ'jiT*" wiashvarat

Consume, v., ^.s^Tt-i,* sarf kardan.

Contact, JUjI itissdl.

Contain, v., gs&ld ddshtan.

Contaminate, v., ^^T^-ai nejess kar-

Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.

Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet:

Contest, -taW mujadileli.

Continual, .»»>» hameesheh'ee.

Continue (remain), v., ^JoL manddn.

Contraband, *y** wwwnoo' ; A*ha/ram.

54 VOCABULAET.

Contract, Ask Is* mukati-eh ; \ojZ>

shurt ; J^fr ahd.

Contract, v., ^tf A*kl<u mukatieh

kardan ; c^-j ^J^ shurt bustan ;

ysjTj^c. ahd kardan.

Contradict, cfsS^uJs-j bur aks guftan.

Contrary, «-i^U. khelaf.

Contrivance, ^Jj' tadbeer.

Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.

Conversation, o-sf suh but; aJ£»

mukalimeh ; jS&fguft o goo ; MJJ9-

J 1^ j jaivab ve soo-al.

Converse, v., &&\&o^ suhbut dash'

tan ; O^^^gufto goo kardan ;

*f \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve sooal

kardan.

Convert (to change), v., ^jJta^f

gerddneedan ; &*f u»j* avaz

kardan.

Convert, a., Jo j*. jedeed.

Convey, v., ^^ burdan ; ^J^L;

Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U» tub-bdkh.

Cook, i;., c^sJ jpilkhtan ; ^J' _>1»

tubkh kardan ; (to boil), ^Jji, ^A

db-puz kardan; (to broil), sjf~s«

T0CABU1AEY. 55

surlch Mrdan; (to roast), &*f\^\fkebab kardan.

Cool, eU. Ichonuk.

Cool (from anger), v., ^oi oS"li

s#&e£ shudan.

Coop (for fowls), u-is fco/ass.

Copious, oly »M/ad ,• ^J,]^ faravdn.

Copper, ,j«. miss.

Coppersmith, /*, missger.

Copy, *!* saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.

Coquet, «., c,^/jl5 waz kardan.

Coral, ^lay* murjdn.

Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.

Corn, ale ghileh; (wheat), ^OuT^un-doom; (barley), y* jo.

—field,

A^y* muzra'a.

Corner, i^fgoosheh ; pfkunj.Corporal, ^l ,* dah bdshi.

Corpse, s*j* murdeh; ^ Idsh.

Correct,g=->

sahheehh ; o--,^ drust.

Correct, v., *f ^S tass-heehh

kardan; *f^z~,j* drust kardan.

Correspond (by letter), v., ^h ajK.

mukdtibehddshtan; (agree), jjlk,

&j> motdbik budan.

Corrupt, JO--JJ poossideh ; sju Jcf

56 VOCABTJLAEY.

Corrupt, v., &J*»>yi poosidan ; $ Ji^xa

gandeedan.

Cost, o^i kaimat.

Cost, v., ^^ib o^» kaimat ddshtan.

Contemporary, oij«« ham vukt.

Cotton, *~jpuribeh.

Couch (sofa), oi***5 neemtakht.

Cough, as^-j surfeh.

Cough, v., *jf iij~> surfeh kardan.

Council, *\jy* u-V° mejlis shorn.

Counsel, c^j**^ nasseehat ; c^yumushverat ; (to take), ^^Tc^yL*mus7it'era£ kardan ; (to advise),

g.itao*-1 nasseehat dadan.

Count, v., &*/*£> shumurdan.

Count, dJ^vl—a. hissdb kardan.

Countenance, ^ roo.

Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.

Counterfeit, to, (money), c i>j

kulb zadan ; (persons), *f jJ#takleed kardan.

Country, oj^Ij veldyet.

Countryman, ^^j veldyeti.

Couplet, ii~rJ bayt.

Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.

Courageous, cUA shujd ; ^J^ daleer.

Courier,j UU. chdpdr.

Course, ^Ij^ mayddn ; (race),

^jljj l_~» 1jjjl

j*« mayddn asp devdni.

VOCABTTLABY. 57

Court (palace), j\, z darbdr ; (quad-

rangle), dL hayat.

Courteous, eJ^L, jly. Jchosh selook ;

»-j>>j-° moaddub.

Courtesy, i-j.il adafc.

Courtier, cjI£ ^"kc muldzim i rehab.

Cousin (through paternal uncle),

i*\jj+s. amoozddeh ; (through pa-Ml

ternal aunt), s*\j i+e- amehzddeh;

(through maternal uncle), s^j)U.khdloozddeh ; (through maternal

aunt), t*\jaJU. Jchdlehzddeh.

Covenant, J*c ahd.

Cover, s., yi^ poosh.

Cover, v., <xZyf poosheedan.

Covet, v., ^b ^J, tama ddshtan.

Covetous, dj» tama'.

Cow, j)V gdv.

Coward, ^li ndmard.

Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.

Coxcomb, eliii Tcashang.

Crab, cs^^i. kharchang.

Crack, i_jl& shelcdf.

Crack (split), v., ^K^, shekdftan.

Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano.

Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.

Crane (bird), l^a durnd.

58 YOCABULABY.

Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J j^ chehdr

dust o pa raftan.

Crazy, ajI^-s deetdneh.

Cream, ^^- sar i sheer.

Crease, Is ta.

Create, v., ^J*/! dfreedan.

Created, tJi/\ afreedeh.

Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik.

Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ;

(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh.

Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\

itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L»1

yjiiib itimad dashtan.

Crescent, J^U 7*,gZaJ.

Cress (water), jyVL balakooty.

Crier (public), ^W- jdrchi.

Crime, s\Sgonah.

Criminal, _ra&« mokasser.

Crimson, j*J kirmiz.

Crocodile, cl^j naheng.

Crook (shepherd's stick), <stykajak.

Crook-backed, oi^ jy ftooz pusht.

Crooked, S'kej ; *i. khum.

Cross, —U. khaj ; u.L saleeb.

Crow, clj z«£f7i.

Crowd, f»l*.ijlizdiham.

Crown, -Ij t«j.

V0CABT7LAEY. 59

Crucify, v., &*? ^*;W chehar meekhkardan.

Cruel, ^*j bee rahm ; &xr*r> bee

merooat.

Crush, v., ^j^TaJ leh Jcardan.

Cry (weep), v., zf *f giryeh Tear.

dan; (call), if\x<, sed« harden.

Cry, «., z\p feryad ; sm na'areh.

Crystal,^ feaZoor.

Cubit, c,j zar.

Cucumber,jU k7u<mCue (hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh.

Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta ; (of sleeve),u^-ir- sar-i-dsteen.

Cuirass, r,j zereft.

Culminate, v., a Juw, \#i\> be intiha

raseedan.Hi

Culprit, ^ai. mulcussar ; jfclfgondiiTear.

Cultivate, v., ^f^s^Xjj zard'at kar-dan.

Cultivation, jtf izZTkeshteh kdr.

Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.

Cup, A\-j pialeh ; [£> finjan ; _jjs

kadahh; a— ^ kdsseh.

Cupola, ±J?gunbad.Hi

Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.

Curds (and whey), sj^ doo^Ti.

60 VOCABULARY.

Cure, -.^U ildj ; »,l*.chareh.

Cure, v., sf~~Sks- ildj kardan ; »,l>.

^sfchareh kardan.

Curl, «-i!jzw ^/-

Currency, -.1^, rowaj.

Current (money), ^}j rdyej.

Curry (horse), v., ^fj\^j teemdr

kardan.

Currycomb, jls kasho.

Curse, o^jJ la'anat.

Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan.

Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon.

Curtain, 5^ purdeh.

Cushion, ^^ bdlesh ; £U mutakka ;Ml

jAi" mukhaddeh.

Custom, —j, russm ; sJ^ls kd'ddeh.'

Customs, &jS gumruk.Customs' house, ail* d^ gumruk

khdneh.

Cut, v., ^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fer«-

Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; sj^i.]/ terdshee-

Cutlass, ^-~.».ii sham-sheer.

Cylinder, aJ_j!looleh.

Cymbal, jy±~> suntoor.

Cypress, j^-. surv.

VOCABULARY. 61

Dagger,^* khanjar.

Daily, j*j> jj^ rooz be rooz.

Dale, sjt der-reh.

Damage, Jrb zarar ; «_~say&; c^L-i.

khessdrat.

Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdni-

dan; ^sf^s. ayb kardan.

Damascus, «l£ shdm.

Damp, s., ojj1»j retoobut ; J nwm.

Damp, adj., jv^j retoobuti; jIj^Jnumddr ; JJ turr.

Damp, v., ^1 J~*i num dadan;

j^lov numdaslitan; y±fj turr

kardan.

Dance, ^j£j rukss.

Dance, u, ^J^, ruksseedan.m

Dancer, ^Isj ruhdss.

Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssnee.

Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy» kJiof.

Dangerous, dli Jai. khattarndk.

Dare, v., ^^0,1—a. jessdrat kardan.

Dark, <siy\) tdreek.

Darkness, ^Jx tdreekee.

Darling, l_>j-** mahboob.

Darn, v., ^J'yj rafoo kardan.

Dart, tjJ teereh*

62 VOCABTTLABY.

Dash (together), v., v*j~v bdhwn

zadan.

Date (of time), gfitareekh; (fruit),

l^i khurma.

Daughter, j*** dokhter.

Dauntless, bJU^j bee laic.

Dawn, ^\J-^ bamdad.

Day, jjjrooz ; pi ydm ; (Friday),

£j* juma'a ; (Saturday), ^shunbeh; (Sunday),

-~i£ y<*

shunbeh; (Monday), *-**•> do

shunbeh; (Tuesday),*-**- s« 71

siiMibeh; (Wednesday), <*~ijW

cte?w sTiurabeTt ; (Thursday),

^i jocmj s7mnbe/i. — of

Judgment, 1=**^ J3jroozi kiamet.

— and nighty j L--i s/iwb ve rooz.

— by day, jjyi jjjrooz be rooz.

Every—

Jjj;^ hur rooz. To-day,

j3r \ imrooz. — hook, eb-.» das-

tafe ; **bjsj rooznameh.

Dead, tt>j*murdeh.

Deadly, eV muhlik ; s^^kushen-

Deaf,jT fear.

Deaf (to be), v., *y. fkar boodan ;

(to become), CM fkar shudan.,

VOCABULAEY. 63

Deal (quantity),j Jl kudr ; (a great),

jL*j bisydr.

Deal, v., ^^i *«—«j talcseem Tcardan.

Dealer (trader),J^\^ sodager.

Dear (expensive), \fgerdn; (affec-

tionate),^^ azeez.

Death, d^ mcwv/ ; oj< mot.

Debt, \j>J Jcarz.

Debtor,jU^^S karzddr.

Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom.

Deceit, ^ ghubn.

Deceive, v., ^y ajJu maghboonTcardan

Decency, ^fs~>\2> shdyestegee.

Decide, v., ^z SL hukm dddan.

Decision, SL hukm.1 o

Declaration, -yi shurhh; ^s-\ i'ldn;

^Lj biydn.

Declare, v., cp5'_ ri shurhh guftdn ;

jb ^^Ul t7«u dddan ; ^sj \^

biydn kardan.

Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.

Decorate, v., ^^-^I drdstan.

Decrease, ^tfS'kam kardan.

Decree, ^5^9 fetva.

Decrepit, ~is«-» zaeef.

Deduce, v., ^j}]/- ^ar awardan.

Deduct, r., ±f S'kam kardan.

64VOCABULARY.

Deed, &- sanad ; o*3" hujjet ;~~

(of sale), *»W> kebdleh. Title—J^bonchdk.

Deep, ^ god ; ,>** ameek.

Deer, y»l<x7ioo.

Defamation, ^j.. ladndmee.

Defame, v., ^/fU^ bad^zm feardaw.

Defeat, o—£i shakast.

Defeat, u, g^b 0-&- shakast dddan.

Defeated, *•>,> c*-** shakast khur-

Defect, l-~* ai/b.

Defective, <j*^> ndkiss.

Defend, ^Al-a»& negah ddshtan.

Defendant, *J1 J-±*mudda'i aleyhi.

Defer, v., eyS-tol #>*" ta'areefc a»-

dafc Titan.

Deference, c-/ hurmut.

Deficiency,^>« nuksdn.

Defile, v., o^/^ »w»i«s kwdan;

^o-Tdl^ ndpdk kardan.

Defile (passage),*&> tengeh.

Defiled, ^ najas.

Defilement, i=~A* tvajdsat ; JWndpdkee.

Definite, ^Isfcate' ; £r>

sareeh.

Degree, a»,^ derejeh.

| Delay,^ deeri.

TOCABULAEY. 65

Delay, v. 5C)^r^o.lj ta'kheer Tcardan ;

eJ-iiO"3 deer Jcardan.

Deliberate, tLa».l I ba ihtidt.

Deliberate, v., *ffi filer Tcardan;

±j> o,^!* mashverat kardan.

Delicacy, J^\i nazuki ; ir-ilid litafat.

Delicate, d,li ndzuk ;v-a.Wl Za£ee/.

Deligbt, k^ few*;; ^b shddee ;

^Ui-ji. hhosh hdli.

Delight, v., C^L Jl^y. fc7i5s7i fossZ

sdkhtan.>

Delighted,^—, masroor.

Delightful, -ju mufarrah ; liX) j diZ

goghd.

Delirious, ^Ij* hezydn.Deliver (to give), v., *h

rJLj fo*.

leemdddan; (to liberate), ^a/ahlazid hardan; ^ata oli wejJt

dddan; ±jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.

Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.

Deluge, e)^ £o/#n,.

Demand, v., ,^>\y- khastan ; ^J-Jktalabeedan.

Demand, s., ytaly. khdhesh ; ^J»taZa&.

Demolish, ^^/"(-j1^ khardb hardan.

Demon, &* jin.

Den,jli ghar ; *>*) Idnek.

66 YGCABTJLABY.

Denial,j Vol inhdr.

Dense, kj£ ghaleez.

Deny, v., sfJ6i\ inkar hardan.

Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; aif ^fhooch hardan.

Departure, ~y hooch; <zSj*- harahat.

Depend, v., ^y <i^~j busteh boodan;

^y jlacx* muta'alah boodan.

Depopulate, *f &\jj vayran har-

Deposit, ojM amdnat.

Deposit, v., ^UrooLl amdnat gu-

zasktan.

Depredate, ^J o,l* ghdrat hardan.

Depth, ^sjfgodee; J*c- umh.

Descend,v., ^J^l ^J^pdyeenamadan.Describe, v., ^jT^L^ baydn hardan;

gzid J^-aaJ tafseel guftan.

Description, ^Lj ba.ydn; J~a£ taf-

Desert, ^Lj bee dbdn; <j^i dasht ;

\jsr°sahrd.

Desert, v., ^\J^guzdshtan; ^f^Jtarh hardan ; (military), otfjl?

ferdr hardan.

Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.

Deserve, v., ^^ jO** mustahdh

boodan.

VOCABTTLABY. 67

Design (intention), ss\j\irddeh ;

3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *£& nuk-

Desire, y^\ drzoo ; J^y- khdhesh.

Desirous, Jvi*£*l_ji. khuhesh mund ;

ijLJLe mushtdk.

Destroy, v., ^^f\f\j* khardb kar-

Destruction, (jjl^ khardbee.

Detach, v., ^j^TIjo. judd kardan.

Detail, J^tf tafseel.

Detain, v., ,jz^\3 »Ki negah dashtan.

Detest, v., ,jJ^! Jo bad dmadan.

Devil, ^IW.- shaitdn.

Devise, v., ^&J^Sa tadbeer kard.an.

Devoid, ^U. khdli.

Devote, v., { ,\_fJ\j Tcerar guzashtan;

&&£ <j\jj3korbani kardan.

Devoted, jj^u mutassadik ; (your

devoted), Li ^J* faddvi shuma.

Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_—,'~~,

muta'assib.

Devotion, c^Le ibddat.

Dew, J c_~i shub num.

Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz.

Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;

y^stTguft o goo.

Diamond, y-Ul almass.

68 VOCABTTLABY.

Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; ^jj Sz>

sheTcem ravish.

Diary, a*^ roozndmeh.

Dice)V$* muhr.

Dictionary, u>»J loghut.

Die, v., aM oji fot shudan; $*j*murdan.

Diet, v., ifj^jj parheez kardan.

Differ, v., tf&\& jj farlc ddshtan ;

c^->b cjjIw tefdvut ddshtan.

Difference, jjs /<xrA;; ojUj tefdvut;t_»^i»l ikhtilaf.

Different, 1j^ judd; »J^^c alahe-

deh ; jtp gheir.

Difficult, J££* mushkil ; j\fZt* dosh-

Diffidence, a*Jj vahemeh.

Dig, v., Jj^Tcandan.

Digest, v., ^j Ji^j' tahleel raftan.

Dignified, ^ISjl ba vekdr.

Dignify, v., ^L t-J^ musharafsdkhtan.

Dignity, jl»j vekdr ; a li» shd'an.o >

Dilatory, v^—. sust ; J~j tunbul.

Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.

Dilute, v., c)j/' ^Is fca£t kardan;

±J'] ^s* makhloot kardan.

Dim,^b tar.

VOCABULARY. 69

Dimension, i^-U' kidss ; ^IaIo mikddr.

Diminish, v., ±jT£ Team kardan ;

Ozf*\>^koota kardan.

Dine, v., &Sjy* *& sham khurdan.

Dinner, -li. sham.

Dip, v., tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan.

Direct, o-»^ rdst; ~?-~-~-<> mustakeem.

Direct, v., ^if A\jit\j rdhnama'i

Tcardan.

Directly (straight), ^^—c Ui,^ dar

Tchut-i mustakeem.

Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat ; jfj* chirkee.

Dirty, U^fkeseef ; d^. chirk.

Dirty, v., sf\j^ keseef kardan ;

yjji^d^. chirk kardan.

Disagree, v., ^b (_i^bi.l ikhtildfddshtan.

Disallow, v., ^J^> J^5 Jcdbool nekardan.

Disappear, v., ^Ji Jja-i* mafkootshudan.

Disappoint, v., &f±#>\ li na omeedkardan.

Disapprobation, ^J^~j U na jpassan-dee.

Disaster, o»1 afat; ^ held.

Disbelieve, v., ^J^ j^. haver ne

kardan.

70 YOCABULABY.

Discernment, jUxJ imtidz.

Discharge, 1;., aS\& o^a. jawab da-

dan ; C ^J> ^iy* murakhas kar-

dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan.

Discharge, s., ^^j* murakhassi.

Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^ mureed.

Discipline, ^Ikalintizdm ; Ji3 wuzra.

Discipline, v., ^.sta ,.1*3wmw dddan ;

uji/o-iji tarbidt kardan.

Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.

Discomposure, ujl^uil izterab ; t^-la-j

vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**.

Disconcert, ^L tj^Li* muzteribsdklitan.

Discontent, cwU,U w« rezdyet.

Discover, v., &&f\j&.\ ikhtird kardan.

Discourse, jkJ nutk ; olki. khetdb.

Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe a<2ct&.

Disease, ^^ maraz ; ^ji-li n« fe7io-

s7u ; i^j dartZ.

Disgrace, Jl^ rissvdee.

Disgrace,!'., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kardan;

o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.

Disguise,!'., ^/^U Jjjuj tabdeel-i-lebdss kardan.

Disgust, o^ ?i(/rai.

YOCABULAEY. 71

Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf.

Dishonour. See Disgrace.

Dislike, v., ^ J^ pasand nekardan.

Dislocate, v., ^f ^~i fuskh kardan.

Disloyal »\f» esUi nemelc hardrri; U^j

bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen.

Disloyalty, ^j*- KiU5 nemak hardmi;

(ojUi. klviydnat.

Dismal, eJUJ^ft,Mlndk.

Dismay, v., ^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.

Dismiss, v., ^^f <j^v* muraklias

kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan.

Dismissed, sJC, <jx»j* muraklias sliu-

Dismount, v. act., ^o^ s^Ij piddehshudan.

Dismount, v. pass., ^^fuLi piddehkardan.

Disobedience, jUy li na farmdni ;

L5£ftlt1 b" na ita'ati.

Disobedient, <^s-%\ j bee itd-at ;

aJa^jJi gheyr i mutee.

Disorder, j&jj^j tashveesh ;{J!~>.j u-i

puss o peeshee.

Dispatch, v., sJ~ ii\jj rawdneh kar-

dan ; jjj^U-^ feristadan.

Dispensary, <uU.\j* daivd khdneh.

Disperse, v., ^^b pdsheedan;

^sfjuiii pakhsh kardan.

72 VOCABULARY.

Displease, v., ^Jj*! jiy. fc7ios7i ne

amadan; (vex) ^U jft^ ranjeshdddan.

Displeasure, Jj ranj.

Disposition, (temper), _Jj* mizdj ;

oJU. hdlat.

Disposition (arrangement), t-~jytarteeb *u>j vuz'e.

iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan.

Dispute, clji neza; J-s j JU &«Z o

fcai/Z.

Dispute, v., ^J^y neza kardan.

Disrespect, (S»]/»-\ ^ bee ihterdmi.

Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds-

sileh.

Distant, j3 J door ; Juw ba'eed.

Distinct, -»lj vdzehh.

Distinguish, v., tfa j j^ tameez dd-

Distress, \->\)a*>\ izterab ; *^% feld-

hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.

Distress, v., *f ^li^ perishdn

kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib kar-

Distribute, v.. zfj>J3 tafreek kar-

dan ; ^$j> *s-«o takseem kardan.

Distribution, i^~«—I kismat ; «e-&5

takseem ; Jif3 tafreek.

VOCABULARY. 73

District, ew^j velayet; <^**£L. hekoo-

Disturbance, s^fitneh ; ^^ aslioo-

bi ; \i-y- g hog ha.

Disturb, v. (moral), ^f o~^A P e~

rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tash-

veeshkardan; (physical), o^».U.jl

^j<i az jd hardkat dddan.

Disunion, JfljS ferak ; ^s*- juddee.

Ditch (of a town), JJ^* khandak ;

(in a field), ujI»],

rah db ; jj i-j1 ab-

ro ; j4 nahr.

Ditto, Lajl ayzan ; ^ neez ; **> hum.

Divan, o£*^ neem takht; \^SJ?

neemkat.

Dive, v., £*j»> £>£ ghooteh khur-

Divers, ^^m ba'azi ; J^ chand.

Diverse, jjz* mutafarek; &y^fgoonagoon.

Diversion, 1-i.Uj' tamdshd ; —J3 ta-

faruj ; oiU-» ziafat.

Divert, v. (please), ^L^jy—> mas-

roor sdkhtan ; (turn off") .*^tf

garddnidan.

Divide, v., ^j? *~~x* takseem kar-

Dividend, ow Itismat.

Divine, ^AJIill alii ; ^si. khoddee.

Divorce, jWo teldk.

Divorce, v., ^b j^k faZafe dadan.

Divulge, v., &*fj\j>} ibrdz kardan.

LDizzy, ptS'geech.

Do, v., *J^ kardan; (make),

sdkhtan.

Doctor (medicine), k-~-J» tabeeb ;

(learned man), **£* hakeem; lib

da?i« ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed.

Document, Js-^fkaghaz ; >xu- sanad.

Dog, eL- sa^f ; (greyhound), ^jli

TOCABULAET.

tdzee ; (sporting), ^^> tooleh ;

(puppy), <sL»a3ji>tooleh sag « eU^.

Dog-star, \jjs£> she* tree.

Doll, ^Lijj/saroossek.

Dome, -xS gunbud.Domestic (servant), j£y noker ; (not

wild), ,_/iili- khdnegee.

Dominion, o~bL< sultanat.

Donation, J^£- bakhshesh ; J*il

Donkey, cYl oZafc ; J* khur.

Door,^^ dur.

Doorkeeper, \>jtdurbdn.

VOCABULARY. 75

Dormitory, *fc<->^y» Tchdbgah.

Dot, alaiii nuTcteh.

Double (twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU,

Vo dolah.

Double (letter of alphabet), J^Juiilj

ba tashdeed.

Double-faced,^ j* do roo.

Double-tongued, ^jj^ l_-^.U sahib

do zebdn.

Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; *jT)lji

dold Icardan.

Doubt, a~i shubheh; tsli sliak.

Doubt v., ^\^ s^ shubheh dash-

tan; y^ib eLi s7*afc dashtan ;

j^xil JJLTgemaw dashtan.

Doubtless, (sli ^ bee s7iafc.

Dove, l^s Mmree; (ring), &f\ ]/a

fcereera.

Dough, ^*i. khameer.

Dower, »^o mihreh.

Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on chin),

sj~-subzeh.

Down fallen, *jt»l vftddeh.

Downhill, jL)\r> sarazeer.

Doze, v., g&j c^a. churt zadan.

Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan.

Dragon, U^jl izhdihd.

Draper, )\jtbazaz.

Draught, ^ bad.

Draw (to drag), ^sJS'kasheedan ;

(sketch), ±~^ && nuksheh ka-

sheedan.

Dread, \j*J tarss.

Dream, Lj\ji- ktidb.

Dress, u-lJ lebdss ; dby, poshdk.

Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden.

VOCABULARY.

Dropsy,

Drill, ..ila mashh dddan.

Drink, v, ^J^y nusheedan (khur-

dan, 'to eat,' is usually employed

instead of nusheedan).

Drop, s., tJaSkutreh.

i«»! istiskd.

Drought, tJ^- khushki.

Drown, v., ^j^» J/1- ghurk kar-

Drug, IjJ dawa.

Drum, JJ» tubl.

Drunk, o-* must.

Dry, elio. khushk.

Duck, d-^l urduk.

Due, ja- 7iafc.

Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.

Dumb, i&S'gung ; JV Idl.

Dung, y pehen.

VOCABULAET.

Duplicate, *ja i^-5 nuskheh-i-du-

Durable, -1j^U fea dawdm.

During, *ta U ma dam.

Dust, isJU. &7itffc; jU ghuhdr; *f

Duty, o^> min-nat; <-iX> takleef.

Dwarf, J5 s^^kootdh hud.

Dwell, v., gjsitaUC. suknd dashtan.

Dye, elj, ran^.

Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh.

Dysentery, Jl*-1 ishaZ.

Each, yt liar; ck,» haryek.

Eager, jUt* mushtdk.

Ear, J^J'goos'h.—

ring, t}^<fgoosh-

vareh. —of corn, *Zy» khoosheh.

Early, >>jjzood. —

rising, ^j-z*>j**

sahr-kheezee. — in the morn-

ing, ijj -*-» subh zood. —spring,

jl& Jjl aval i behdr. —fruits,

j>£ no her.

Earnest, J*i—> musta'idd.

Earth, is)!*- khdk ; et*j zameeu.

78 VOCABTJLAEY.

Earthy, ^U. TchdTcy.

Ease, o^|; ra-hut ; ^id^,] asoo-

degee; ^yL-1assanee.

East, Jij2-° musliruk.

Easily, ^Ul \> ba assanee.

Eat, v., &i>jy» khurdan.

Ebb (tide), jja.juzr.

Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss.

Eddy, \J\$yq irdab.

Edge, »* dum.

Edict, ^U/ fermdn.

Educate, i>j o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar-

dan ; uMjij?, parvareedan.

Education, o-o^ tarbeeyat.

Effect,^'! asar ; as^ nateejeh.

Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldyam at ; ^-.y

nurmee ; \j^j* k na mardee.

Effort, J^jT Itooshish ; ^jj-.s«'ee.

Effrontery, ^j^^. be shurrnee ;

^^^.S'gostdkhee.

^SE) £j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to lay

eggs), j^jf^-z tukhm guzashtan ;

(soft boiled),^) ^J »a£ tukhm neem

puz ; (hard boiled), 2^ ci- s(/*£

pukhteh ; (fried), *j~3 neem roo ;

(yoke of) jjj zardeh ; (white of),

YOCABTJLAET.

(shell), u>~»jj

slji khdh; (.!>>%*

sX*Ju* seefeedeh j

poost.

Eight, v^lft Jiasht.

Either, U i/a ;

heech kuddm

Eject, v., ^jT^jj^ beroon kardan;

^sfJ\j»\ ikhrdj kardan.

Elbow, Jj\ drenj.

Elect, v., ^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.

Elected, l_»«^* muntakhib.

Elegance, o^j zeenat.

Elephant, J-i feel.

Elevation, \uj\ irtifd.

Elin-tree, ^15 ndrvan.

Elongate, v., ^^iSj^ derdz kasliee-

Eloquent, j5^" sukhan goo.

Else, *ja. juz ; >j& be juz.

Emancipate, v., ±f i\j\dzdd kar-

Embarrass, v., sf *»-! dshufteh

kardan ; ^J~ t-^ka* mustarib

kardan.

Embellish, v., [^\J \ ardstan.

Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.

Embrace, v., ^f J* baghal girif*

tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh

girifian.

80 VOCABULARY.

Embroidery, <jjj* jj zar doozee.

Emerald, Sy) zumurud.

Emetic, Ji^'j-J dawa-i-kay.

Eminence (rank), ^fyf. buzurgee ;

(hill), Kjj]/\r- sarafrdzee; ^jJobulandi.

Eminent, dy» buzurg.

Emit, v., a^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan.

Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb;{J^&\ a-

shuftegee.

Emperor, j^S ka'isser ; »li^»>Lii shah

in shah.

Employ, v., a&\& J*i shughl dadan ;

jjj^U j% Tear dadan ; yiji J^.«mashghool hardan.

Empower, v., ^^/^Ui* mukhtdr har-

Empty, jJU. Ichdli.

Enamel, U~o mee?w&.

Encampment, j^,l urrdoo.

Enclose, v., *J^A>\*.\ ihdteh kardan.

Encore! -J]

afereen; tj^^o dobdreh;

La.;* marhaba.

Encourage, v., $fjlz daleer kar-

End,^! dkher ; j-» sar ; *rfl anjdm;

«sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.

Endanger, i\, c^!jJl^lai. >>ji ciar fc/ia-

tar anddkhtan.

VOCABULARY. 81

Endeavour, Jut>f kooshish ;{jt~>

sa'ee; *Ui*l ihtimdm.

Endurance, <-jU tab ; osll» takat.

Enemy, c^i-^ doshman.

Energetic, )j> firz ; *&>jj zarang.

Engage, c^-^ o^co da'wat khas-

Engine, *£L mangeneh.

English, i^r-lCjl Engleez.

Engrave, v., ^J^kandan.

Enjoin, v., ^^Tjo b' ta'keed Tcardan.

Enjoy, v , ±j>laa. huz Tcardan ; J^y-

c.xi jfkhush guzdsTitan.

Enlarge, v., Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;

i>yz\>_) ziyad Tcardan.

Enlighten, v., ^J~ ^j roshan Tcar-

Eumity, ^^ doshmani ; ^Ss.adawat.

Enough, y-j buss; c^&'lcefayeb.

Enter, v., ^.xi Ji-b dakhel shudan;>

^j y too raftan.

Entire, ^VTcdmel ; -Uj tamdm.

Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.

Entrails, s^ roodeh.

Entrance, Jy-o delchool.

82 VOCABULABY.

Entreat, v., ^a/'u-UsJI iltimtiss kar-

Envelope, -wW lefafeh ; ^Ipaket.

Envoy, ^-J»Jeelchi.

Envy, J-.* hassad.

Envy, v., ^j>.<*-*» hassad burdan.

Epilepsy, pL, ^-sar sam.

Epipbany, \y> ^ Mu& shooyan.

Epitome, s*s*?mukhtasser.

Equally b&raber ; J* la. mukabel ;

j\*+* hamvar; ^j 1— musavee.

Equator, 1^-1^ khut-i-istwd.

Eradicate, ^gH jl

a« beefc7t feaw "

Erase, v., ^^T^^ saf kardan.

Erect, v. ^f v-*> nasb kardan ;

^TjJj buland kardan.

Erection, J^l^J istadigee ;i.l»1

ikamat; (building), JW bend'ee;

cj,U& irndrat.

Ermine ijI^" senjdb.

Err, t'., uVO*- sa 'M ' kardan ;!aic

^jTghalat kardan ; asf^ ftfceta

kardan; *f^ khubt kardan;

^o^j^i khelcif kardan.

Errand, ^4 payg ham.

Error, U& ghalat.

Erudition, yjta ddnish ; ^ Urn.

VOCABULAEY. 83

Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ; j]/^sjTfrdr kardan.

Escape, y.fgureez ; j\J> ferdr.

Escort, iS,Si badrakeh.

Especially, L^as.* makhsoossan;lJs-

yoj^sJi ala el khesooss.

Essence, jty* jo liar; <z>\j zdt.

Establish, v., i>_fIt y her pa kar-

dan ; ^jja* mukarar kardan;

^j^La) nasb kardan.

Estate, JU mdl.

Esteem, v., ~JA*y..f azeez ddshtan;

^^1.} *jzs* muhterem ddshtan.

Estimate, v., ±f ^j]^ bar-dvard

kardan; *j jyua takfimeen za-dan.

Estrange, v., ^sfj^ door kardan.

Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.

Eternal, fd^-^a hameesheh-ee ; ^Jolabadee ; «>U dayem.

Eternity, Jo\ abad.

Evacuate, v., &fjk. khdli kardan;

^3j*A£ takhlieh kardan.

Eve, L_~i> shub.

Even (of numbers), o-a?. juft ; (odd

or even), us*Sa.l» dJ tak ydjilft.

Even, adv., +* hum ; jJ neez.

Even (to make), ^^uJU sdf kar-

J^L. j\y* hamvdr sdkh

i^-» sar-gu

dan;tan.

Even, adj., ^jl—» musdvee ; j\>«*

hamvdr.

Evening. -Ifi sham;

Event, j'ii'l itifdk;

zasht.

Ever, <ii^»» hameesheh.

Every, j* hur.

Evict, v., tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.

Evidence, »«sWi> shehddat.

Evident,J^ dslikar ; ^>\jvazehh

Evil, adj., Jo had.

*j]A slierdrat ;

VOCABULARY.

Evil, ^jS) bad.ee;

(misfortune), "h held.

Eunuch, ^ ]

y- khdjeh.

Euphrates, ^>\J ferdt.

Ewe, ^J^c sjU madeh meesh.

Ewer, aj'^1 aftabeh.

Exact, \z~*\j rdst ; ^u be-ayneh.o

Exaggerate, v., Jw£l ighrdk.

Exalt, v., ^1/1 afrdkhtan.

Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.

Examine, v., &<*yj\ azmoodan ; ^^*\3

^ifimtihdn kardan.

Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.

VOCABULARY. 85

Example (specimen), -uj*3 nemooneh;

(model), ^j-» soorat.

Excavate, v., ^xS^kandan.

Exceed, v., {j^^guzas'htan.

Exceeding, u>j»L«J nihdyat ; o^lj

ziyddet; jL~? bisydr.

Excel, »., a J.i J-iU /flzti shudan.

Excellence, J-is /azL

Excellency (title), vUa.jen«b.

Except, v., sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan.

Except, 1_j~»sivd.

Exception, UizJ istisnd.

Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee.

Excessively, jJ 1 jy file el hddd ;

»jU]| jy f5k el a'adeh.

Exchange, v., i>fj>*s- avaz kardan;

^if J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.

Exchange, *., j>y- avaz; Jjo badal ;

JojJ' tabdeel ; dJ^L. wobddeleh.

Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.

Exciting, jS'A angeez.

Exclude, i>J P-y°y* mowzoo kar-

Excuse, j^s- uzr ; u^Jj«* ma'azarat.

Excuse, v., ^ J....

*. B bakhsheedan ;

(one's self), ^^J* -uzr fcftas-

86 VOCABITLAEY.

tan ; cj-^«.1jj

kha'stan.o,j*^ ma'azarat

Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon.

Execute (to do), d\z ^y soorat-

dadan ; (to kill), ^^S'kushtan.

Executioner,tjf

M> nasakchi ; &%>.

jal-lad.

Executor, ***) vasee.

Exempt, i_iU-e ma'df.

Exempt, v., ^.i^-il** ma'df kardan.

Exercise, ji-o maslik; [J»jj* varzash;

(ground), ji-. \j~* maydan i

mashk.

Exercise v., a i\i jJL* mashk dadan;

J+ijj varzeedan ; (a horse), \jk*f

^ij gardash burdan.

Exert, v., ^>J> j^>jT kooshesh kar-

Exhaust (to empty), zjT J\± khali

kardan; (fatigue), ^$fx^~± khastakardan.

Exhausted, ^U. khali; ax-»i khasta.

Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj.

Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boodan.

Existence, ^^^ hastee ; *y*j vejood.

Exodus, o,.** hejreh.

Expect, v., ^xita jUiJl intizar dash-

tan ; ^\z ;Jy tavaku' dashtan.

YOCABTJLAEY. 87

Expectation, jllxjlintizdr ; gSy

Expediency, cu-~»U_« munasibat ;

\X~j.li shayestehgee.

Expedient, i_—>\u mundsib.

Expedite,!;.,o^lW" to? ajeelJcardan.s

Expedition, j\a.jald; ^ tund ; isJ^lU.

chaldk.

Expel, v., ^sf —\f*\ ikhrdj kardan ;

^^T^c^j beyroon kardan.

Expenditure, -y*. kharj.

Expensive, J\jTgerdn.

Experience, ^.Ujl azmdyesh; ^jd

tajrubeh.

Experiment, ^UJ'' imtihdn.

Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*±.Ijba lchabar ;

Expiration, *UiiJl inkiza ; j~> sar.

Expire (time), v., ^J^ *UfiJl inkiza,

shudan ; ^J^l j->sar amadan.

Explain, v., jJ^^Uj bayan kardan;

^U. liali.

Explanation, ~jt> shurhh; Lj ba-

Expletive, J^lj pfkelam zdyed.

Explicit, fa> sareehh.

Expose, v., tfj\£>\ izhar kardan ;

sf)\j>\ibrdz kardan.

88 YOCABTTLAEY.

Expression (pronunciation), Soak tala-

fuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i bdrat.

Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.

Exquisite, »-iJJ lateef.

Extend,!;.,^ xJ^j\jt> derdz Jcasheedan.

Extension, J^ tool; ^jj\j* derdzee ;

o*-j vusa'at.

Extensive, £*~>jvusee\

Exterminate, ^ (•J^**maadoom

Jcardan.

Extinguish, ±f yi^U. Ichamoosh

Icardan.

Exterior, oiJ^. beyroon; ^l* Tcharej.

External, &3j*o\ azbeyroon; k^&-

Jcharejan.

Extol, v., 2>J^<~&>j*i ta'areef Jcardan.

Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.

Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh; \->if-

ghareeb.

Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab;jjU mdder;

»«sUSljji fok el a'adeh ; v_^c gha-

Extreme, l$a! intihd ; j»1 dkher.

Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z-w/a-

Eye, *£•*• clieshm.

Eyebrow, j^ldbroo.

Eyeglass (spectacles), isl~£ eynek.

Eyelash, ^y* muzhgdn.

TOCABULAET. 89

Eye (pupil), eUjy. mardamek.

Eyesight, _,1jo.j deeddr.

Fable, ±*3 kisseh; ^l^ta dastan ;

ooKL. hekdyet.

Fabricate, v., j^l- sdkhtan.

Face,^, roo ; s^. chehreh; J^j pay-

leer ; ~j i uxli.

Face to face, jj jj roo be roo.

Face, v., $f Jj'Ju mukabel kardan.

Facetious, ±jL shooJch.

Facilitate, U^/' UL1 asdn Tcardan;

yjjjS^J^. sahl kardan.

Facility, <JU asdnee ; o^-» sehoo-

Fact, ofliSa. Tidkeekat.

Faction, jiilk tdyefeh.

Factory, jiUylTfear khdneh.

Factotum, tJ^*+*> hameh kdreh.

Fade, ^J^ *•*/* Ji pazh murdeh shu-

Faint, t—^ za-eef.

Faint, v., ^J^ ur1^-? &ee hoosh $hu-

Fair, i_uj& zareef ; ^jy> u-j* khosh

soorat.

Fairy, ^ #eri.

Faith, ^UjI aymdn.

Faithful, jta &* deenddr ; jtaUj vefa

Fall, ^alal iiftddan.

False, c^-i deroogh ; \->&Mzb.

Fame, -.13 nam.

Family, a3'i- Jal ahel-i-khdneh.

Famine, J^ kahh-tee.

Famous, j^-^-» mash-lwor ;

ma? roof.

Fan, y.*\i odd bezan.

Far, jjz door.

Farewell, *taj vedd.

Farrier, J^> J*3 na'al band.

VOCABTJLABY.

Farther, jjjji doorter.

Fashion, --, russm.

Fast, tjjjroozeli.

Fast, v., j^b tjjj roozeh dashtan.

Fast, adj, vXu tund.

Fast (fixed), \>y^ mazboot ; Ss+

muhkem.

Fasten, v., ^jTby^ mazboot kar-

dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem kardan ;

c^~j bustan.

Fat, >-j^- churb.

Fatal, 12&4* mahlik ; JiU kdtil.

Fate, ji<&i takdeer ; l-.. 3 naseeb ;

£1*tale'.

VOCABTJLAKY. 91

Father, j Jj pedar.

Fatigue ^^-^ hhastagee.

Fatigue, v., ^fyz~± TchastehJcardan.

Fault, u_~& ayb ; late ghalat.

Favour, ^L^ meliribani ; i-AJ

lutf; oldl UUfat.

Favour, v.,^b oldl iltifat ddshtan.

Favourite, i_**.U<, musdhib.

Fear, ^-pr turss ; <-Jji. fc/io/.

Feast, c^iUi zidfat ; ^L*** rnilimd-

Feather, ^j per.

Feed, v., ^b cJl,y. Tchordlc dddan ;

i\^ j.ULtd-dm dadan.

Feel, v. , ^jf^-J ?ams kardan ; ^-o.

^^T^-iss Icardan.

Felt (cloth), Jl»3 namad ; (p. p . of

To feel), (.^--s* mahsoos.

Female, oU mddeh.

Fermentation, ^J>y*. joosh.

Ferocious, ,^>j vahhshee ; sJJ,c

derendeTi.

Fertile, jb J-.U. li&silddr.

Festival, J^ eecJ.

Fetch, v., ^jl dwurdan.

Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh ; ^^u muta-

'afin.

92 VOCABULAKY.

Fever, l_«j tub.

Few, J'kam; JJiS kaleel ; dJJl andak.

Fidelity, Uj vefd.

F\g,j~<\ anjeer.

Fight, ellia. jawa ; ly^.3 da'aiva.

Fight, v., ±f ska. ^"aw a kardan;

sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.

Figure, JC* haykal.

Filbert, jJci funduk.

File, yjU^i sohdn.

Fill, a;., o-i/^i pw kardan.

Filth, oiLi'&esa/at.

Find, v., ^^Ij^j paydd kardan.

Fine, a*^ jereemeh.

Fine, v., ^^i a*^ jereemeh kardan.

Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (beau-

tiful), isLls kashang ; yiji. khosh.

Finder, oiiol angusht.

Finish, ^^p j.Ujtamdm kardan.

Fir-tree, —^kaj.

Fire, ^'1 aiesTi

Fire (to set on), tj JB 1 aies7i zadan ;

(to make a), ^^T^tjl aies/i Car-

Finn, J JjU pai' dar ; j\/j> bar kerdr ;

pj.U Tcdyem ; L^u mazboot*

First, Jjl awal.

Fish, ^U mdhi.

VOCABULARY. 93

Fishermanjfj^* mahi geer.

Fist, cu£-> musht.

Fit (proper),}^ sezdvdr ;

mundsib.

Fix, v., *f Ss» muhkam Icardan.

Flag, JJ*-> baydalc.

Flame, <*1«^ shu'leh.

Flash, ,fsMJu±ji> darakhshandegee.

~F\sit,j\}+* hamvdr; >-i'ue sdf; e)lji_?>-

Flax, ^^Mtan.

Flea, dTfcefe.

Flee, v., j&f' gureekMan ; o'irj^J

ferdr Icardan.

Flesh, ^jfgooslit.

Flexible, ^.i plchMiur.

Flight, jifgureez ; }j> ferdr.

Flock, & gilleh.

Flog, v., *jzadan.

Flood, J~» sayl.

Floor, cn*j zameen.

Flour, ij\drd.

Flow, Ukxi e^U. jdri shudan.

Flower, $gul.

Fly, ,^-C magas.

Fly, v., cjJ^ri pereedan.

Foal, tjTliureh.

Fodder, «-Jlft 'ala/.

94 VOCABULARY.

Fog, ao meh.

Fold, b td.

Fold, v., *fk td kardan.

Follow, v., ^J'i^ie. dkab Tcardan.

Follower, £% tale' (pi. &>*>& ta-

be'een).

Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat.

Food, (2)ij^a.khordk.

Fool, ,j*&.1 alimak.

Foot, b pa.

For, ^^ berai; l#£ be jaJiateh.

Forbid, v., &fa~* man'a kardan.

Force, j^j zoor.

Ford, i^jjfguzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar.

Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.

Foreigner, i_^£ ghareeb.

Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.

Forenoon,^;! ,jLo peesft az zw/ir.

Forest, JKX». jangal.

Forfeit, *+ij=* jareemeli ; jU» ta'oon.

Forgery, J*?. ^'a'aZ.

Forget, v., ±f~ J±y>\j faramooshkardan.

Forgive, v., ^sJLki bakhsheedan.

Fork, JKIa. chengdl.

Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.

Formal, ajU—j rasmdneh.

Former, ^si-o peeshter.

VOCABULARY. 95

Forsake, v., ^\jfguzdshtan.

Fort, Asia kala'eh.

Fortify (a castle), v., ^f\>yJu, maz-

boot kardan; (a sick man), oy^\^ koovet dddan

Fortunate, u^i-^y- khosh bukht.

Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb.

Forward, (jt-j peesh.

Foul, eh*, chirk.

Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn.

Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd.

Fountain, »,1y fovdreh.

Fowl, £,* murgh.

Fox, «ljj roobah.

Fragment, s^b pareh.

Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.

Frame, y^" kdb.

France, a-JI^s Frdnseh.

Free, ah\ azdd.

Freedom, ^Ijl azddee.

Freeze, v., ^j^-i & yakh bustan.

Fresh, »j'u'tdzeh.

Friend, o—j-s doost ; j\ ydr.

Friendship, j~>)* doostee.

Fright, u*J turss.

Frighten, v., ^J^Laj turssdndan.

Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.

Frog, <w^/ kurbdkeh.

96 VOCABTTLAEY.

From, jl az.

Frontier, j^-. sarhad.

Froth, uSkaf.

Frown, -i-1 dkhm.

Frozen, J^* munjamid.

Frugal, *j\$ ledne'.

Fruit, »j;* meeveh.

Fry, v., $frj~> surhh Icardan.

Fuel, *-* heemeh.

Fulfil, v., zf^$3 taTcmeel Icardan.

Full, jj pur.

Funeral, »jUa» jendzeh.

Furnace, J> furn (vulg., foor) ; jyj

tanoor.

Furlough, i^j* muraTchassee.

Furniture, *iU. t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdneh.

Future, sJ^l dyendeh ; <^\ dtieh.

Futurity, c^i.1 dkherat ; sJ^.\ dyen-

Gain, *ii nafa' ; J-*U hdsil.

Gain, v., ^L ydfban ; ^y. J-oU.

hdsil burdan.

Gait, t\j rah.

Gallop, »z do.

Gallop, v., ^JojJ daveedan.

Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icardan.

VOCABULARY. 97

Game <j}\> bdzi.

Game (sport), JCi, shekar ; (to make

game ot any one), ^siljol ci~o

dust anddkhtan.

Gang, «j'J» tailefeh

Gaol, u^^. huhss ; ^1 jJj zendan.

Garden, c'o bdgh.

Gardener, \J>\> baghban.

Garlic,^--, seer.

Garment, ^LJ lebass.

Garrison, jliL sdkhloo.

Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band.

Gasli, *ij zukhm.

Gate, 5jlj;.J dervdzeh.

Gather, v., ^if^jam' kardan.

Gelding, axil akhteh.

General, k^y sarteep.

Generally, ^j** umoomee ; Lj**

Generation, J-J nasi.

Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.

Gentility, ojUi nejdbat.

Gentle, ^^U moldyem.

Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.

Genuine, J~J dseel.

Get, v., ^fgiriftan ; ^l yaftan.

Giddy,^fgeej.

Gift, yt^itf bakhshesh ; ajJ* hedich.

98 YOCABULABY.

Gild, v., sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.

Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel.

Girdle, &~>j£~kamar band.

Girl,^s.^ dokhter.

Girth, eLj' tang.

Give, v., (j-ita dddan; ^sJm, bakh-

sheedan.

Glad, ^b shad; JW-ji. khosh-hdl ;

.jyiji. khoshnud.

Glance, «& negdh.

Glass, <v£~2» sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.

Looking— azA dyeneh.

Glazier,^ aJL-i, sheesheli bur.

Glimmer, ti^Aj; rooshndee.

Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.i darakhsheedan.

Globe, i) kureh.

Glory, J^U. jelldl.

Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.

Glue, \J-ij-*sareesh.

Go, v., ^j ruftan.

Goat,jj buz.

God, IJo. fcTwda; JSt JiZaTi. —pre-

serve you, ajfo s&j ljUi lJ* khodd

bhumdrd negdh ddrad. — forbid,

JaXj Ijo. khodd nekunad; *Ulj»s-»l

istaghfer dllah. Good — ! Cj^-J

*U\ subhan ullah. O —, 1^1 tfj/

YOCABtTLAET

khodd. For —'s sake, 1j±.J\j>j\

azbera'i Tchoda. willing jJJULul

inshullah ; Jalya |ja. klwdd be-

khdhad.

Gold, ill, feZ/s.

Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar.

Good, ijy. Jchoob.

Goodness, Ljji. khoobee.

Goods, ljL.,1 asbdb ; JL wa£.

Goose,jU Zc«z.

Govern, v., ^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar-

Government, l^£L hekoomat.

Governor, J"U hakim.

Gradual, ffjcam kam ; ^Sb ba

tadreej.

Grain, ii\* ddneh.

Granary, ;Lil unbar.

Grand, ^kc azeeni; &$ buzurg.

Grant, v., *\* dddan ; .ib «jL|

ijdzeh dddan.

Grape, ^ylii dngoor.

Grass, ^_eic alaf.

Grasshopper, JL malctkh.

Gratis, cui* mufti ^ !** mejdnan.

Gratitude, JiL shukr.

Grave, jJ kabr.

I Gravel, eLv, reeg.

100 YOCABULABY.

Gray (in material), ^Jli khdkes-

teri ; (horse), J/ kiz-zil.

Graze, v., o^i^ cheridan.

Grease, ti^ charbi.

Great, djyj buzurg.

Green, j~. subz.i

Grief, *t ghum; a-»e ghusseh.*t

Grieve, v., o^J* **"* ghusseh khur-

Grind, v., c3j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ;

(paints and drugs), &&/ *3L» saZa-

•yeh kardan.

Groan, v., u>xrir'<»3l3 naleh kashee-

dan; yjJ^^'jl «7i kasheedan.

Groan, <^U naleh; »l a/i.

Grocer, Jl& bakkd

Grove, jlj o*^ darakht zar.

Grow, v., ^J^jj roo-ee-dan ; a J-i.rijj

buzurg shudan.

Grumble, w., ^j »>xJ lundeh zadnn.

Guarantee (person), ^U zamin ;

(warranty), ojU* zemdnat.

Guard, mL;lj passbdn ; ^J kara-

Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan.

Guardian, fe&5—« mustahfiz ; (of a

minor), Jk\j ndzer.

Guest, ^We* mehmdn.

Y0CABT7LA.BY. 101

Guide, JJu balad ; Uit\j rahnemd.

Guide, v., ^\J\+J *\jrah nemdee

Jcardan.

Guilt, tl^gondh ; j~*£J takseer.in

Guilty,jja» muhasser.

Gulf, -sJ^. Tihaleej.

Gum (arabic), g,^ *+~, sumgh arabi;

J?>\ angum ; (of the teeth), oij^yjljo^ gooshti-denddn.

Gun, eL« tufang ; (cannon), u>y

ioojp.—

barrel, *)j!looleh. —

stock, jljul konddle. Hammer of

gun, jl»Sa. chukmdh. Trigger,<i^>b jpdslineh.

Gunner, ^.Ljy toopchi.

Gunpowder, c^l bdroot.

Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.

Haberdasher, jl^jbazdz.

Habit, ojU 'ddet.

Habitation, ,j£l-» muskan.

Hail, e)^' tagarg.

Hair, j* moo ; (of woman), ij-fgeess.

Half, j*jneera.

Hall, ^b ddldn ; j^llj tdldr.

Halter,^Li 1 dfsdr.

102 VOCABULARY.

Hammer, ui^- chakush.

Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh.

Hand, o-o dust.

Handful, o-^* inusht.

Handkerchief, J'>*s-».s dust-mcll.

Handle,jJ^^ dust-geer.

Handmaid,^ keneez .

Haudsome, sj^y- khoshroo ; uzLZJ

kashang.

Handwriting', Lst-".} dust-khut.

Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^aveezdn kardan.

Happen, v., ±S> aS\^ voice' shudan.

Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi.

Happy, .iy^i. khdshnud.

Harass, v., ^^Tevo.il aziat kardan.

Harbour,jJ^j bunder.

Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), Jy^Jdoshvar ; j£~° mushkil.

Hardship, (j&> sakhtee.

Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.

Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ^;^j' dnderoon.

Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^>zarar ; ^^js*

zarar kardan.

Harsh, o^,.a drusht; j>) zibr.

Harvest, J-.U hdsil.

Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*?3^

ta'ajeel.

Hat, t^lcolu.

VOCABULAKY. 103

Hatchet, ^J tabar.

Hate, v., ^^U Jo bad ddnestan.

Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan.

Hawk, ^y koosh.

Head,^ sar.

Headache,^~» .^a durd i sar.

Heal, v., ^^J\s. eldj kardan ; <jJU*

y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.

Health, —\j+ ruizaj.

Healthy, o-*,.i js tun-drust.

Hear, v., J~£ shuneedan.

Heart, J^ dil.

Heat, ^J'garmi; vxj\j» herdrat.

Heathen, o-^ o? but-parast.

Heaven, oi« behesht.

Heavy, [ L> sangeen.

Heel, u£>\i pdshneh.

Height, ^oJb bulandi; c\$j\vrtifa'.

Heir, cj,1_j vdris.

Hell, ~#± jehannum.

Helmet, ^ sWkold khood.J

Help, vAS komek ; *x» madad ; s^U.chareh.

Help, v., d^b (sUi* Jcomek dudan

$f£yX* madad kardan'.

Helpless, j U.v> ndchdr.

Hem, ^,.sJarz.

Hen, i*.j*. joojeh.

101 VOCABULARY.

Hence, U^l j! dz eenjd.

Herb, i\Jfgeedh ; c^Li nabdt.

Herd, dTgelleh.

Here, U.^.1 eenjd.

Hereon, Ida J* 'ala hazd.

Hereditary, ^j^y> mauroossi.

Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^,peesh dzeen.

Heron, J-y» havasel.

Hesitate, v., ^jS &&jj taradud Icar-

dan. '

Hesitation, ^j/ taradud.

Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh.

Hide, v., ^jjT-iU kdyem kardan.

High, jJb buland.

Highway, 2aU jLi. shah jddeh.

Hill, aJ' tuppeh.

Hilt, *-M kubzeh.

Him, or Her, l^jloora.

Hinder, v., ^J^ ^U mane* shudan.

Hindoo, ^J^ hindee.

Hinge, ±!y looleh.

Hint, »jLi.l ishdreh.

Hire, v., ^-i/ u}jf kerayeh kardan ;

(to lend on), a&\& i-Ajf kerdyehdddan.

Hire, sAfkerdyeh.

Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.

VOCABULARY. 105

His, jl oo.

History, &/5 tfireekh.

Hog, e)^i. khook ; j>.y±. khanzeer.

Hold, v., cJii^b a£i negdh dashtan.

Hole, f^jy*soordkh ; ^y soolakh.

Holiday, j^ eed.

Hollow, s., JUjT^odaZ.

Hollow, v., ^U. khdlee.

Holster, JJ kubul.

Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas.

Home (house), ajU. khdneh; (coun-

try), ^j vatan.

Honest, o-J, r#s£ ; ^b ^..s deenddr.

Honey, J—s. 'asal.

Honour, 9j>\ abroo ; e^» hurmut.

Honourable, fj&» muhtarem.

Hood, jLil bdshlik.

Hoof, -* sum.

Hook, t->}U kulldb.

Hoop, <wL. halkeh.

Hope, J-J umeed.

Hope, a?., jyiita Ju*l umeed ddshtan.

Hopeless, Ju*l li w« umeed.

Hops (plant), J*» khemel.

Horizon, j»l u/«&.

Horn, ^li shdkh.

Hornet, jjJj zamboor.

106 VOCABTJLAEY.

Horrible, d'J^ holnak.

Horse, t-~J asp ; (blood), J~-l aseel;

(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay),

jS' Jcahar ; (black), sL- sidh ;

(gray), J^5 femi; (cbestnut), J.i/"

Jcorand, also ^jTkorang ; (sorrel),

ij>j>\ abrash ; (piebald), j^u! ab-

Zafc ; (cream-coloured), J^-, sa-

mand ; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter),

(jiS^-j sarkasli ; (ambling), ts-j. yur-

gheh; (master o?), j^\ j^\ ameer

akhor, vulg. j_y-[r^ mirakhor.

Horseback, ij\y* sawdreh.

Horseman, J\y* saivdr.

Horse-race, ^j* »-~-l asp deevdni.

Horse-shoe, J«3 na'al.

Hospitable, e>—j^ ^W-s-* mehmdn-doost.

Hospital, ajU. yaj/* onareez khdneh.

Host^b ^U^-o mehmdndar ; &[>)**

meezbdn.

Hostage, jjgero ; J^f kafeel.

Hot, ^fgarm.

Hour, o^L sd'at.

HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>£L chegooneh.

Howl, v., cj>^_jc>* 'oiy-'ou? kardan.

Human, ^L-i! insdni.

Humble, j*** liakeer.

Hump, jy kooz.

Humpback, ^^ijy koozpfisht.

Hundred, Ju> sad.

Hung, xj2j1 aveekhteh.

Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee.

Hungry, &~>fguresneh.

Hunt, v., zj~ jfcj shikar kardan

(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan.

Hunter, ^sj£z> shikari.

Huntsman, ij>j&> shikdrchi.

Hurry, J;-*50

taajeel.

Hurt, Jjd diird.

Hurt, v., C*J ±jS diird kardan.

Husband, j*yZ> shoher.

VOCABULARY.

*y, poost.2 2 3

Hut, tXkuTbeh.

Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.

Hyena, J\so'kafbar.

Hypocrisy, j>,^y tazveer.ul

H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.

I, ^ mun.

Ice, ut yakh.

Idea JUi kheyal.

Identical, c^*j be 'ayn.

Idiom, J^*\ istilahh.

Idiot, A>\ ableh.

108 VOCA.BTJLAET.

Idle, J~S tunbul.

Idleness, iJ^j tunbuli.

Idol, ioo but.

Idolator, <z~*jj o* but parast.

Idolatry, j~>jico but parasti.

lf,j^*\ agar.

Ignite, v., ^J-io al*ii sho'aleli ka-

sheedan.

Ignorance, J^W- jdhalee ; <j\^

ndddnee.

Ignorant, JaV jdhel ; ^tali nddan.

Ill, (jiji.li ndkhosh.

Illegal, s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar'eh ;

J*'.13 ndhak.

Illegitimate, »^lj (.1^.haram zddeh ;

IjjJIjJjveled-ez-zend.

Illiberal, d~*< momsek.

Illiberality eil—.1 imsdlc.

Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee sawdd.

Illness, ,<i>ji-^ndkhoshi.

Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghban.

Illustrious,jU«U ndm-ddr.Ml

Imagination, j_^u tessdwur ; JU»khidl.

Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kardan ;

^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.

Imbecile, Jac- J'hami 'aid.

Imitate, v., ^j^jJju takleed kardan

VOCABULARY. 109

Immediately, ^yl1J fil.for.

Immemorial, \jja fo-ran.

Immense, »j1Jol ^ bee anddzeh.

Immoderate, Jljcxl ^ bee i'tiddl.

Immodest, »jt> ^ bee shurm.

Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf.

Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri.

Impatient, j~o ^ bee sabr; aL-j*. g bee

hdseleh.

Imperfect, yosli ndkis.

Impertinence, ^fl^yt^j bee hoodeh-

gee; ^W* lJ &ee hyd-ee.

Important, *&> mohim.

Importunate, J^»L mo'dkad.

Impose, (j-il^i nehddan.

Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.

Imprison, v., *J ^^a. ?itt6ss Aar-

Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss.

Improbable, J«* jljjJ door az'akl.

Impure, e)b U na pdh ; u^i nejjess.

h),j* door.

Inability, gly U n« tairdnee.

Inaccurate, ^>s^\ind sahheehh.

Inattention, cJu* ghifat.

Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.

Incautious, <*lia.^L <j bee moldhezeh.

Incessant, ^b dayem.

110 VOCABTJLAEY.

Inch, sj^gereh.

Incident, jlafl itifdk.

Inclination, J~« mayl.

Include, v., &f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan,

Income, J->U htisil ; J».Ij* mucld-

Incomparable, Js* gjbee missel.

Incomplete, -Uj li n« tarndm.

Incompetent, J? Is l> «a kabil.

Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi.

Inconstant, -Jj.J ^^ mutalaven el

mezdj.

Inconvenient, o^aj zahhmat-

Incorrect, ^s° \jnd sahlieeh; c^-j>s U

n# drust.

Increase, »il>j ziyddat ; «U1 izdfeh.

Incredible (it is), -i/jjk ^j.»a»i nerai

shaved haver hard.

Incurable, --Uc 5) J# 'ildj.

Indebted, u°jij^ makrooz.

Indecent, lj-ili «a sez«.

Iudef .tigable, ^^^—i- tj bee khastegee.

Independent, Jai—< mustakil.

India, Ja Hind.

Indian-corn, o» zurat.

Indicate, v., Sj~ sj\z,\ ishdret kar-

dan ; yjJy^J nemoodan.

VOCABULAET. Ill

Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh.

Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl;

(impartial), <-J>Je c > lee taraf.

Indigent, ^di. muftis.

Indignant,^-«x« mutaghayer.

Indigo, JJ neel.

Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; d»j\ynavdzish.

Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee.

Inebriate, o~-> must.

Inexperienced, s^j-oj!U nd azmoo-

Infancy, ^J^ibacheh gee.

Infant, ^_ bacheh.

Infantry, j.lkioL piddeh nezdm.

Infatuate, v., ^jTuty) ^ lee vekoof

Icardan.

Inferior, y^Skamter ; y~~j puster.

Infidel,^ kafer ; ^j ^ lee deen ;

Infirm, i-jL«-. za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.

Inform, v., ^^^ khalar dddan.

Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.

Inheritance, uy,1 irss; <^\^ mee-

Inhuman, ***.j ^ lee rah'm.

Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.

Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.

Injury, }Ji zarar.

112 YOCABULAEY.

Injustice, ^/^Jl j>bee insdfee.

Ink, i_-T,» murakkab.

Inkstand, cjIjj dawdt.

Inlaid, a^* murrassa.

Inn, a3U:U*~o mehmdn khaneh.

Innocent, »^-> bee gondh.

Inquire, o^^ji purseedan ; &&2>kyi

jooyd shudan.

Insane, <u1^o deevdneh.

Insanity, j3\y„* deevdnegee.

Inscription, J2.,& negarish;

khutt.

Insect, ffkirm.

Insecure, ^1 li nd dmn ; _,Uftl ^>be

i'tibdr.

Insensible, yj'yji bee hoosh.

Insert, v., ^jT J±.ta ddkh.il kardan.

Inside, y too ; j£>\ dndar ; j& dar.

Insincere, Uj-o bee vafa.

Insipid, sj+ ^jbee muzeh.

Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis ; ^b 15 na dar.

Inspect, v., ^-^ <*ka.}L wMldhezeh

kardan.

Instant, -.^ dum; \ an.

Instead, ^y- 'avaz.

Institute v., ^jTjji+ mukarar kar-

VOCABULAEY. 113

Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan.

Instructor, jb, mo'alem.

Instrument, o3Jl diet.

Insult, ^\j^\ ^ bee ihterdmee.

Insurrection (^yi shoorish.

Intellect, Jac 'alcl ; JHyt hoosh.

Intelligence,bar.

khabar ; jL±\ dkh-

Intemperance, Jljccl ^ bee itiddl.

Intend, v., ^IJ %A\j\ irddeh dash-

Intention, s*\J\ irddeh.

Intense Jo Jui shadeed.

Intentional, Ijl.1 dmddn.

Intercede, ^^aLJj vdseteh kardan.

Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.

Interdict, v., ^ *-. man'a kar-dan.

Interest (money), J^i; tanzeel ; s.j>

fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jha-raz.

Interior, ^j deroon.

Interminable, j»\ ^j bee akher.

Internal, ao-ta ddkheleh ; ,^,Jo1

dnderoonee.

Interpret, ^ .

Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah ; (of

dreams), ^~jt» ta'abeer.

ddkheleh; ^jj*

*.J tarjumah kar-

114 YOCABULABY

Interpreter, **>/* mutarjam.

Interrogate (to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkar-

dan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan.

Interval, oj L-* musdfat.

Interview, oli^L middkdt.

Intestine, t^jj roodeh.

Intimacy, j^. ek yek jalietee.

Intimidate, v., ^jiLy tarsdneedan.

Into, j* dar ; ^j fee ; ,$*,& duroon ;

jjj\ dndar.

Intolerable, J-*^ j£- ghair motalia-

Intoxicated, must.

Intoxication,{j^* mustee.

Intrepid, dl? ^jbee bah.

Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.

Intrigue, J!>j{~>sdzish.

Introduce (a person), v. ^J tjj**

mvJarajee kardan ; (a thing), Ji-'.J

^^j> ddkhd kardan.

Intrust, v., ^j^> supurdan.

Invent, v., ^^Aj^.\ ikhterd kardan;

sj>Ij^j paidd kardan.

Inventory, o*-^ fehrist ; <utL--

sidheh.

Investigate, v., ^j^ ^^ tahkeek

kardan ; ^ uos*)

tafahuss kar-

VOCABUIAET. 115

Invitation, o^j da'avat.

Invite, v., ^o^ da'avat Tear-

Inundation, J*-* sayl.

Involuntary, jL^I ^ lee ikMiar.

Iron, ^1 alien.

Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh.

Irresolute, J&ixJ ^ beeistilddl.

Irrigate, t\, ^Ijol db-dddan.

Island, s^ja. jazeereh.

Issue, v., iJ~j*[*> sddir Tcardan.

Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.

Item, £>j furd.

Itself, oj» Jchud ; (ji^i. khadesh.

Ivory, ^lc «/

Ivy, islsji peecheJc.

Jackal, Jlii. shaghdl

Jail, gljjj zenddn.

Jar, ttylcoozeh.

Jasmine, ^^o— lj yasmeen.

Jasper, ^ yashm.

Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn •

Jaw, isii/<x7c.

Jen lous, ^^^a. hesond.

Jealousy, J-^ Jiassad.

glj-i;; ran?-

116 VOCABULARY.

Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait el mu-

kaddes.

Jest, iJ-jZ,shookhi.

Jester, ^ji shookh.

Jesus Christ, {j~t?- e^aa. hazrat Eesd.Ml

Jet (of water), »,ly favvareh.

Jew, ^>J>«i yahoodi ; tye*. jaliood.

Jewel, ^»_ja. johar.

Jeweller, c£/*_??- johari ; Jjj zerger.

Jockey, jl^-.iskU chabuk sawdr.

Join, v., o>v J- ^* mutassil kardan;Hi

^ala JLaj'l itissdl dddan.

Journal, <u^j_j;roozndmeh.

Journey, y~» safar.

Joy, ^^^ dilkhoshi.

Joyful, ^jli shddee.

Judge, ^U kdzee ; c/j |»^=»^»hakim

i-shur'e (not hakeem ; for which

see Doctor).

Judgment, J^- hukem ; \ys fatvd.

Judicious, Joe i_*a.L» saheb 'aid.

Jug, ijf koozeh.

Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ ^k hoka bdzee

kardan.

Juggler, jl ik hoka bdz.

Juice, m1 db ; Jjj-*-arak ;

sheereh.

8 /* -*-1

VOCABTTLAKY. 117

Juicy, j\^\ dbddr.

Jump, v., ±iji pereedan ;

justan.

Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree.

Just, J^U 'ddil.

Justice, oJIj* iddlet.

Juvenile, ^y* jawdnee.

Keen,j-J teez.

Keep, v., ^aili »£ negdh ddshtan.

Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr.

Kernel, ja* maghz.

Kettle, yjj£ kitree.

Key, jJflceleed.

Kick, j& laggad.

Kick, v., Aj oO leggad zadan.

Kid, aJlcjj 6uz ghdleh.

Kidney, &X kulbeh.

Kill, c^lT kushtan.

Kiln, sj^lcooreh.

Kind (sort), j^joor; p~3 kissm; ufgooneh; (friendly), Uj+* meh-

riban.

Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan ; yjs\

dtesh kardan.

Kindness,{J>^.j^> mehribdni.

Kindred, j.ykom ; u&jji kheesh.

118 YOCABULABY.

King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh.

Kingdom, liXA*-o mamlakat.

Kiss, --L mdch.

Kiss, v., ^3jT—\* mdch Tcardan.

Kitchen, iiUjj <_£! dsh-puz klidneh ;

^-k. matbakh.

lvuei\d,v., {:r±-{~>j~*±kliameer sakhteri.

Knee, ylj zdnoo.

Kneel, v., y\j ^ do zdnoo ; ^^i-iJ we-

sheshtan.

Knife, ^kard; (clasp), $sL., chdkoo;

(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh.

Knob, a*TS dukmeh.

Knock, v., ^j zadan; ^J^jf koo-

beedan.

Knot, tj gerreh ; (to make a), tjT

cyi~j gerreh bastan.

Know (a thing), v., cJi~iU ddnestan;

(a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan.

Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh.

Knowledge, J* Urn.

Knuckle, ^ bund.

b «- sar-i-pdket.

U^'iT kdrkhdneh.

Label, c:

Laboratory) *J

Labourer, al*c amaleh

Lace, ;_jk toor.

VOCABULARY. 119

Lad, ^'ja. jawan ; <&\j*. jawanek.

Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.

Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer.

Lady, jU. khanwm.

Lake, ^^ darydcheh.

Lame, ekJ lang.

Lament, yjfo zdree.

Lamp, h\j* chirdgh.

Lance, s^J nayzeh.

Lancet,j~~> neshter.

Land, &.*) zameen.

Landlord (of a house), jjU. l_^.U

sdheb klianeh ; (of land), eU* i_>a.L

sdheb milk.

Lane, i^jfkoocheh.

Language,]

oj zabdn.

Languid, o—> sust.

Lantern, y-jili fdnooss.

Lap, J« baghal.

Large, is);a buzurg.

Lark, ^Ji'V kdkoolee.

Last, ac?j.,^i.| akher.

Last, r., ^^p j,lj^dawdm kardan.

Last, s., t-JU kdleb.

Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher el 'amr.

Latch, Jos kujl.

Late)vfo deer.

Lather, s., ^jflcaf.

120 YOCABTJLABY.

Lattice, eLi shabak.

Laugh, v., (jjojji. khandeedan.

Laugh, s., »J^i- khandeh.

Law (sacred), c/i shar'e; (civil),

i-jjC-

urf ; (rule), ay\s kanoon.

Lawful, Ljt

ri shar'ee ; J^ft 'urfee.

Lawsuit, **h\j* morafe'eh.

Lay, v., ^W nehddan.

Lazy, J~J tunbul.

Lead, s., m^- sitrb.

Lead, v., ^^^ kesheedan; ^jburdan.

Leaf (of a tree), c^> burg; (of a

book), j^j varak.

League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Ju shurt.

League (in Persia, 4 miles), isk-^

farsang ; ±-j» farsakh.

Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.

Lean, v., ^J~iJJi tekieh kardan.

Leap, v., c>=~*- justan.

Leap, s., jJ* kheez.

Learn, ^jT z\>_ ydd geriftan ; J-ass

^J'tahseel kardan.

Learned, adj., lib ddnd ; Je- t--o.L»

sdheb 'ilm.

Learning, Jc 'ilm.

Lease, *,U.l ijdreh.

Leather, *^. churm; ~L«j teemdj ;

Y0CABT7LABY. 121

(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ;

(Russia), ;lalo hulghar.

Leave, s., ijWI ijdzeh;(j**-j+

khassee; &J\ izn.

Leave, v., ^\jf guzdshtan ; (to

give), fji\<i ^il izn dddan ; <jx»j+

yjfmuralchas kardan; (to obtain),

^y ^il izn giriftan; ^f jjU!

ijazeh giriftan ; ^jf\^j* mura-

Ichassee giriftan.

Leaven, jjU mdyeh.

Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh.

Led (horse), e)Jo «-—.1 asp-i-yedek.

Ledger, /» ^ daftar.

Leech, ^113 zdloo.

Left, *--». chup.

Leg, b pa ; b jL sdk-i-pd.

Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.

-^ega^ t/tr*shar'ee.

Legend, cj^ hekdyat.

Legerdemain, u«jl? <»&». 7iofra hazee.

Legible, \^y* kh'dnd.

Legion, tjj^gerooh.

Leisure, io-^» fursat; o^ /era-

Lemon, y*^ leymoo.

Lend, v., ^ta u*/ Ararz dadun.

122 TOCABULAHY.

Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J» tool.

Lenient, *jiL moldyem.

Lenity, c^i^-* moldyemat.

Lent(Christian ),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mo-

hammedan), &"*+j ramazdn.

Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass.

Leo (zodiac), x~* 'asad.

Leopard, gJjL palang.

Leper, ^>}j^> mabrooss.

Leprosy, <j>j>buruss.

Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or less),

(jt-oU S'liam ya beesh.

Lessee, jta ij\*.\ ijdreh dar ; jcJ^~~e

mosta'jar.

Lessen, v., ^jS^Tcam kardan.

Lesson, (_>-,>> dv/rss.

Last taU* mabddd.

Let (hire), ^ta s.iL.1 ijdreh dddan ;

(permit), j^JS" guzashtan ; ^il

j^b izn dadan ; a^f. <J**j* mu-

rakhass kardan.

Letter (of alphabet), i-»/s» 7iwr/

(pi. ^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), ii^A-a-

ghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from in-

ferior to superior, lit., a petition);

i-eijS-areezeh (superior to in-

ferior), ^j rukum ; (of recommen-

dation), A*Li,lft~j safdresh-ndmeh.

YOCABUIABY. 123

saf; }a~+

Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo.

Levee, -iL. saldm.

Level, j\j+* liamvar ; tiUmosattahh.

Levity, ^C- sabukee.

ar, y^jj* drooghgoo.

Liberal, ^s?* sakhi ; (in ideas),

JLa. tx~>y tose' Jihial.

Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.

Library, u\isi\^S"ioitab Jchaneh.

Licence, sj\a.\ ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz.

Lick, v., ^jJss—J leesseedan.

Licorice, u"f> ±>; rube1

sooss.

Lid (of a vessel), <J>y,j~> sarpoosh ;

(of tbe eye), .&£». »*,> pardeh-i-

chesm.

Lies, ijjj> droogh.

Lie, v., jxS' £)j3 droogh guftan ; (to

give tbe lie), ^^ v-i^' takzeeb

harden; (to recline), ^Ju-lTj^ di-

raz Jcasheedan.

Lieutenant, «_-o U naib.

Life,^*c 'omr ; ^Mj zendagee.

Lifeless, ^^ beejdn.

Ligament, ^j pey.

Ligbt, s.j J&jjj roshani ; <j^3j rosh-

nd'ee.

124 VOCABTJLABY.

Light, v., y&f'

£r>3j roshan Tcardan ;

^fj^i\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring

to ligbt), ^jj»&> zdhar Icardan.

Light (not heavy), adj., eL- sabuk.

Lighten v., sf<&~» sabuk Tcardan.

Lighten (flash), ^JuJLi^ darakh-

sheedan.

Lightminded, i-aJ&. khafeef.

Lightning, J/, burk.

Like, jjU mdnend ; Ji« misl ; a-~i>

shabeeh.

Like, v., iyxita ks^»^ doosi dashtan.

Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl.

Likeness, j*~£J tashbeeh.

Limb, yat uzv (pi. Ufil a'za).

Lime, d*1 ahek.

Limit, Jj*. hud.

Limpid, <—»L» sdf.

Line, W±. Ichut.

Line (clothes), v., o^j 9 J^kardan.

Linen, J'dfketdn.

Linger, v., ^\s J_jL tool dddan.

Lining,^-. I aster.

Link,^»aij Asia, hallceh zanjeer.

Linseed, ejyjbazrdk.

Lintel, jtf sardar.

Lion,^-i sheer.

YOCABULAEY. 125

Lip, cJ lub.

Liquidate (debts), v., ^ U\ addkardan.

List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.

Listen, v., ^^U ^jTgoosh dddan.

Listless, o—. sust.

Litigant, ^^ muda'ee.

Litter, ois takht.

Little, e) Jol andak ; S^ ham ; Jis

kaleel ; isi^^koochek.

Live, v., ^Jwi »J3j zendeh shudan.

Livelihood, \}jfguzeran.

Lively, o—» chust.

Liver,^ jigger.

Living, iJJ} zendeh.

Lizard, is*ji buz-mejeh.

Load, s.,j\).bur.

Load, v., &z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**.

Tiam'l kardan.

Loaded, tsf }\i bar kardeh; (of a

gun), f^ji pur kardeh.

Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ^ojkurss.

Loan, j>/ kurz.

Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss ; ^ yjJTkafsh

Lock, s., Ji» kufl.

Lock, v, ti^Ja* kufl kardan.

126 YOCABULAEY.

Locust, J-o malakh.

Lodge, v., o^J;-^ munzel Teardan ;

j^U Jj^< munzel ddshtan.

Lodging, Jj^ munzel.

Lone, \#3 tanlia.

Long, j\ji derdz.

Look, s., »& negah.

Look, v., ^_f s& negah kardan ;

^Jo-s deedan.

Loosen, ?'., ^-i/ J-i> shul hardan;

goshdd kardan.

Lop (trees), v., ^J^y terasheedan.

Loquacious, i-Jl^a. harrdf.

Lord, dyi buzurg (pi. d^ buzur-

gdn) ; jgf\ ameer (pi. c-^1 ome)#

Lose, v., $j £~gum kardan.

Lot (chance), l-...,^ 3 naseeb.

Lots (to cast), r., ^ja^i kure'a

zadan.

Loud, jJo buland.

Love, j^ ishk.

Loved, ijj-la- ma'ashook.

Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.

Louse, u-?-1 shepesh.

Low, ac7j. o~j pits*.

Lower, a?., ^^jj/ /roo kardan; ^3^zfpa-yeen kardan.

VOCABTTLAKY. 127

Loyal f>?)ac mutee' ; j^^j rafaddr,

Luck, o£ bukht, L-.-.-aJ nasseeb.

Lucrative, j?ju mufeed.

Ludicrous, >x± khande'ee.

Lukewarm, *};*?* sheer garm.

Lull, ,j-iy A I dram kardan.

Luscious, Jo.JJ lazeez.

Lust, oj^ii shahvat.

Lustre, ^J^jj roshndee.

Lusty, c^-j;^ J> tan drust.

Lynx, dJjj^j yuz palang.

Mace, J^j topuz ; jL* cliomak.

Machine, o^l aZ^i ; .til* raan^en-e/i.

Mad, i3^.^ deevdneh.

Madder, s., u*^3j ronass.

Made, aoi-L sakhteh.

Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\ am-

Maggot, *f~lirm,

Magnificience, o^j-i. shoket ; J^U.

jelal.

Magpie, jM cXTkeldgh ablak.

Maid,^^ dokhtar.

Majestic, <ul»ll shalidneh.Ml

Mail (armour), «jj zerreli.

128 VOCABULARY.

Maintain (to assert), v., asf <-kf*

ta'areef kardan ; (support), ^b»^5

sf negdhdari kardan.

Make, v., ^\-> sdkhtan.

Make, s., aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn ; i-~&tarkeeb.

Malady, J>j* murraz.

Male,y3 nur.

Mallow (plant), ^"U- khdtemi.

Man, p^l ddam; *j* murd.

Manage, v., zfj~>S> tadbeer kar-

Manager.^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;

jKi-j peeshkdr.

Mane J'j ydl.

Manful, aSl^y. murdaneli.

Manger, ^±.1 dkhoor.

Mango, sJ\ anbeh.

Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet.

Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ;^>\j

vdzehh.

Manifest, v., *f \^ nemaydnhardan.

Manifestation, j^> zelioor.

Mankind, ^\ J-ibeni ddam.

Manner, ^> turhh ; £-ij vuz'aij^

joor ; jjb turz.

Manufacture, c^*i-> sana'at.

Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.

TOCABTJLAET. 129I

Manuscript, ki£~M dust Jchutt.

Many,j\~~!lisijdr; \3\j feraviin.

Map, Julaj nuksheh.

Marble, j*j+ murmur.

Mare, ^le^U madidn.

Margin, <j~iU hdshieh.

Marigold, j\# *L~+a> hameesheh be-

Marjoram, ^ pooneh.

Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat.

Market, j IjU bazar.

Marriage, ^jj* 'aroosee.

Marrow, y^ mughz.

Marry, v., ^p^TjU iyal giriftan;

(for a man), ^ &j zun burcL

(for a woman), *fj*^ sho

kardan.

Mars (planet), ^ mereekh.

Marsh, ol^ murdab ; _,Uj noysar.

Marvel, s., e^s* 'ajab.

Marvel, v., aif c_Jk ta'ajub har-

dan.Ml

Masculine, fx, muzakker.

Mason, *la bannd ; (stone-), ^ly 12L-

sang trash.

Massacre, J^s fruf I.

Mast, JJuj baydak.

130 VOCABULARY.

Master (lord or chief), tsl agha; (of

•a trade), alx-»l ustdd ; (teacher),

^su moallem.

Mat,^,~~^ hasseer.

Match (for a light), sz+ijS' kibreet ;

(pair), cj» juft.

Material, s., i»,b pdrcheh.

Maternal, ^^U mdderee.

Mathematical, ^Aia hendissee.

Matter, «^>U mddeh.

Mattress, d£«.i ddsliek.

Mature, ^J*-, raseedan.

Mausoleum, jlj-mazdr.

Meadow, ^-^ chaman.

Mean, jifi^.hakeer ; (despicable), JJ3

zaleel.

Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle), \j~«

meyzdn.

Mean, v., ^Ij Jao ma'ani ddshtan.

Meaning, <j** wta'emi.

Means (revenue), JU rndl ; J^adukhl.

Measles, el>^ swrkhek.

Measure, til*^ peymdneh .; u*\J ki-

ydss ; »j\Jol anddzeh.

Measure, v.j ^^T^U-j peymdn kar-

dan ; gijS" u-l^ kiydss kardan ;

^jS^sjljol anddzeh giriftan.

TOCABULAEY. 131

Meat, iz^^gooskt.

Meddle, v., ^f &>\ J* muddkhelehkardan.

Mediate, v., ^^S^aL-Ij vdseteh kar-

Mediation, h~>y tavasut.

Medical, <JJ»tib-bee ; e^U» tebdbat.

Medicine, \j<>dawa.

Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan; sffi

filer kardan.

Medlar, Jijl azgeel.

Meek, v.^U moldyem ; »jil«*maz-

Meet, v., ^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan.

Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold'

Melancholy, ekJ.s diltang ; jS2* dil-

Mellow, sJ---, raseedeh.

Melodious, ljw»<,J>y»

khosh sedd.

Melon (yellow), *jy.j±kharboozeh

(water-), ajIj-xl* hindoodneh.

Melt, v., &xz* vl db shudan.

Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.

Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh.

Men, (jt.^* mardumdn.

Mend, v., zfjt*£ ta' ameer kardan.

Mendicant, \£ gedd.

132 VOCABULARY.

Mention, jJl zikr.

Merchandise, c^Us cjL-iI asbab

tajareh.

Merchant,^U tdjer ; f\$y> soddger.

Mercifal, -e»y raheem.

Mercury (planet), ^Ikc itarud.

Mercy, ^-jrahm.

Mere, c.^-. sirf; ,>** mate.

Merit, ^^j-* sezdvari.

Meritorious, j lj]^ sezdvar ; &"$ la-

Message, »U*j payghdm.

Messenger, t^^Jfcristadeh; (horse),

jlU. chapdr ; (foot), J->U kdsid.

Metal, *JJ» filiz.

Metaphor, <uUS~ kendyeh.

Meteor, vW- shehdb.

Method, ~)o turhli.

Metropolis, o^ n>\jpdyeK takht.

Midday,^ zuh'r.

Middle, I»~»j vussat ; ^L* miydn.

Midnight, t_~i < a-<a3 nisf-i-shub.

Midway, t\j *a*.J neemelx-rah.

Midwife, LU> mama.

Might, oy koovai.

Mild, *j^L moldyem.

Military, ^^i nizdmev.

MilJ !r

, >f-i sheer.

VOCABULARY. 133

Mill, L-1 asya.

Miller, ^b L-l asya ban.

Mill-stone, Lt.| eL* sang -i-asya.ml

Mimic, jJji* moTcallid.

Mince (cut small), v., ^ *+J kay-

meh kardan.

Mind, JSc 'akl.

Mine, s., ^j*. ma'adan.

Mine, v., ^.^TL-aJ nuhb kardan.

Minister,^ijj vazeer ; (Prime Mini-

ster), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami.

Minor, j^> sagheer.

Mint (plant), cLo na'ana ; (place

for coining money), *L i_>|> =ara6

khaneh.

Mint, v., ^o; a£L sikkeh zadan.

Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.

Miracle, «js*<> mo'jezeh.

Mirror, <ml dyeneh.

Mirth, ^^.s dilkhoslti.

Miser, j-ds bakheel.

Miserable, JJi zaleel.

Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti.

Miss (a mark), ^^T Iki. khetu kar.

Mist, a* meh.

Mistake, s., Li. khubt ; ^-» sah'c.

134 YOCABTTLAET.

Mistake, ^j£=> Li. khvbt kardan;

3j^j4~> saWv kardan.

Misunderstand, s~+& t_J^U. kheldf

fo.hmeedan.

Mitigate, ^.ita <-AJ& takhfeef dddan.

Mix, v., c^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s?

qsJ> makhloot kardon.

Moan, v., ^Jtj ndleedan.

Moat, jJwii. kliunduk.

Mob, (.'^-ijlizdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd.

Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar-

Model, stsj nv.ksheh.

Moderate, Jj^a* mo'tadil.

Modern, »jIj tdzeh ; y no ; Oe^a.

jadeed.

Modest, tffAjZ, sharm-geen ; La.1 bd

Moist, adj., J num.

Moisten, ^^b J num dadan.

Molest, v., C) ±J~ ij^su ta'dee' kardan.

Moment, ^1 an.

Monarch, sli.iL padishdh.

Monday, i~£>^ do-shambeh.

Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha.

Monkey, ici)y_ boozeeneh; &y+#> may-moon.

Month, »U mdh.

VOCABULARY. 135

Monument, jfob yadgar.

Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb ;

(new), J^ helldl; (full), j Jo badr.

More, »^Ijj ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; ^i-obeeshter.

Moreover, ^j s^^U aldveh ber-een.

Morning, ^> sub'h.

Morrow (to,), \sj> farda.

Morsel, *+& lukmeh.

Mortal (a), l~Jl insan ; (deadly),

t ju^T" kusJiendeh.

Mortar (for pounding), ^U havan ;

(cannon), j^L^- khumpdreh ; jJ

kopuz.

Mosque, J^*** miusjid.

Moss, Jy* mZrkk (pr. mZrgh).

Most,^51 dksar.

Moth, aj'j^j parvaneh; */r l-~^ s7<(tb-

/?erre7i.

Molten, j^U mdder ; »^lj valedeh.

Motion, Lr^a. harakat.

Motion (to set in), ,^ta lt^/».hara-

kat dddan.

Motive, L_~~i subub ; tl^l bd'isr.

Mould, cJU kdlib.

Mouldy, d/" kerek ; (to become),

^jj dj^kerek zadan.

Mound, «y tuppeh; J> tut.

136 VOCABTJLABY.

Mountain, s^kooh,

Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khur-

dan ; &±f \sfo zdri kardan.

Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri.

Mouse, yij* moosh.

Mouth, ^<i dahan.

Mow (to), v., i>f jj& dero kard.an.

Much,jL~J bisyar ; ^^-U.khaili.

Mud, ^fgil ; jiU»l> bc'ctldk.

Muddy, ;b' Mr.

Mulberry (white), oy toot; (black),

ojJ jli s7iaft. toot.

Mule,^ls 7iatw*.

Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.

Munificence, o$U"» sekhdvat.

Murder, s., JxS katl •

c^iS^ kushtan.

Murder, i\, ij^kus'htan.

Murmur, 5., & gilleh.

Murmur, v., ^j »J^J lundeh zadan.

Muscle, aLaff azaleh.

Mushroom, —j\S kdrch.

Music (vocal), jljl <n'«z; (instru-

mental), jl~» s«z.

Musician (vocal), jJJlji. klidnendeh;

(instrumental), jJjjL sazendeh ;

t-^k* mutrib.

Musk, eli- mislik.

Musket, eliS tufeng.

VOCABULARY. 137

Musketeer, ^isUaj tufeng -chee.

Muslin, JJL malmal.

Mussulman, ^U—» musulmdn.

Mustachio, J~-» sabeel.

Mustard, J-^p. Tchardal.

Musty, ^jfljtu mutaafan.

Mutineer, ^l ydghee.

Mutiny, s., &\~J fesad.

Mutiny, v., ^Jti (y-\jydghees?iudan.

Mutter, -v., ^JjJ^J landeedan.

Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goos-

Mutual, tfs^k tarafayn.

Muzzle, j^jsjjj poozehband.

Myrtle, i)y> moord.

Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi.

Mystery, j^,rdz.

Nail (finger), ^'o nakhun ; (peg)

jtf-o meekh ; (claw), do>. chung.

Naked, s^tj berehneh ; &•>_/ 'arydn.

Name, s., *\i nam ; ^1 ism.

Name, v., ^J^k ntfmeecfom.

Namely, ^^o yaani.

Nap (of cloth), idfkurlc.

Nap, s., c^». churt.

138 VOCABULARY.

Nap (to take a), v., ^aj o^. churt

zadan.

Napkin, JLjj, roomal.

Narcissus, ^jSji nergess.

Narration, oi^- hekayat.

Narrow, eUi' tung.

Nation, v^lo mil-lut.

Native, ,Ju»laslee.

Nativity, &j>y mowlood.

Natural, j^ tubeo'ee ; J>lizatee.

Nature, o»*-l> tabee'at ; oli z«i.

Naval, i^fS*.bahree.

Near, ck.jp nazdeek.

Neat, j-J tameez.

Necessaries, ^Ujlj) lowazemat.

Necessary, »p lazim.

Neck, aJ, rakdbeh ; zfgardayi.

Necklace, J^j ^jTgardan-bund.

Nectarine, Jii shaleel.

Need, s., o<?-U. hajat; ^_W^ ihtidj.

Need, v.,^U *-W^ ihtidj dashtan ;

^ji -.U-s* mohtaj shudan.

Needle, ^jj- soozan.

Needless, pjVlina lazem.

Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.

Neglect, v., zf<z^s£. gihjlat kardan.

Negligent, Ji^ gliafil.

YOCABTIIAEY. 139

Negociate, v., i^ ^^ moameleh

Tcardan.

Negociation, aLU* moameleh.

Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.

Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyeh-

Neither, ^1*5 ^JaS ne-een ne-an.

Nephew, i^j } ^ji brdder zddeh ;

s^\jjst\j^Jch'dher zddeh.

Nerve, (—~at assab.

Nest, <uV laneh ; *^\ ashyaneh.

Net, }£> toor ; ^ dam.

Nettle, vj^gezeneh.

Never, Jy» Imrgez ; oSj ^* heech

voikt.

Neutral, <-»}> ^ bee tarof.

New, y no ; »j^' tdzeh; J4*i» jadeed.

News, j± hhabar ; (good), *^>

muzhdeh.

Next (adjoining), J-»^ mutassil ;

a^,^ payvasteh; (following), »Xi\

ayende/i.

Nib, eli wiZA-.

Niece. See Nephew.

Night, e~i shub.

Nightgown, s~i ^^ pcrdhani-

Nightingale, ^ bulbul.

Nimble, elU. chahuk.

Nipple, ^^-j pistdn.

Nitre, a^i slworeh

Nobility, ^j> buzurgee; j^ji bu-

zurgawar ; ^V nejabat.

Noble, c-~si nejeeb ; v£jj* buzurg.

VOCABULABY.

Nobleman,^*-! ameer.

Nobody, u-^ft" heechkass.

Noise, 1Xo sedu ; j\j\ avdz ;

sot ; eJolj bong.

Noisome, j** muzirr.

Nominal, ^y furzee ; ,JW- khialee

None, ^a heech.

Nonsense, ^J*j^-j bee hoodegee; ^>^>bee ma'ani.

Noose, yX^kamand.

North, JUi sliemal.

Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~obeenee.

Nosegay, JS* <u->.s dusteh gul.

Not, U -na; &> neh.

Note, Jj rakkam.

Nothing, -£* heech.

Notice, ^"M i'ldn.

Notion, JU. fcTiiaZ.

Noun,j,-.!

Nourish, t\, ^Joj^j parvareedan.' Now, ^5)1 aZ-aw ; ¥L 7iaZa.

VOCABULARY. Ill

Nowhere, U.**^>j* der lieech jd.

Number, ^Js. adad.

Nurse, jjU ddyeh.

Nut (hazel or filbert), jJ^i funduk ;

(wall-), )*f girdoo ; (pistachio),

x^jpisteh; (cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel.

Nutmeg, J^lj^- juz-el hind.

Nutriment, \J* ghezd.

O ! ij\ at.

Oak, ojli baloot.

Oar, j;b paroo.

Oath, *~J kassam.

U-i sa-

Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ

Obedience, o-cU»l ita'nt.

Obedient, *Ja* muted.

Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem; ^

Obey, v., ^i/'c^W itaat kardan

Object, s., ^yiA* maksood.

Object, v., ^fi\j\ irad giriftan._. I

cy~* wamnoonOblige, v.,

sdkhtan,

Oblique, Uo,j\ ureef.

Obliterate, v., &±ff~>naskh kardan;

&i>f^>, puk kardan.

Oblivion, J^y^J fardmooshee.

142 VOCABTJLAEY.

Obscene, isJIjIs na-pdk.

Obscure, ^^ tdreek.

Observe (to look), a*f s£ nigah

kardan ; (to keep), ^^ s& nigdh

dashtan.

Obstacle, >uL mane*.

ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.

Obstruct, v., ^^TojuU- memana'at

kardan.

Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.

Obtain, ^Ij ydftan; ^^TJ^U 7iaseZ

kardan*

Obviate, o*f£*j raft kardan.

Obvious,j&\ dshkdr.

Occasion, \z~»f fursut ; Js* mahal.

Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.

Occupant, «—»yz* mutesarif.

Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar.

Occur, v., *xZ> *s\j vdlceh shudan.

Occurrence, ir^iiS^i sar-guzasht.

Ocean, L^ ^, bahr moheet.

Odd (not even), *? furd; (strange),

i_^e gliareeb.

Odour, _^ boo.

Off, or far off, J**j ba'eed ; ^ door.

Offence,^~aa-> takseer.

Offend, v., ^-XJlsij ranjdneedan.

(Offender, ^roiu mukasser.

YOCABULABY. 1-13

Offer, v., ^fuJd tahleef kardan.

Office (post), c_~^ munsub ; (chan-

eery), jjU^j daftar khdneh.

Officer, >_^ ; o l-o-U sahib munsub.

Offspring, £>jj> farzand.

Oh ! J\j vai.

Oil, c^JJ roghan.

Oilman, J>3j ^jj roghan feroosh.

Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient), pMlcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh.

Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh.

Olfactory, jl-iybooddr.

Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.

Omelette, £fkookoo.

Omen,^! dkhter ; JU /aZ.

Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat.

On, ji bar; Vl» b«Z«; Jy /o&; ^aZa.

Once, a«9jJo yek-dafa'a; h>j*£>. yek-

murtaba ; j^i yek-bdr.

Oneself, 3j» fe/tud.

Onion, jl*j piydz.

Only, V3'

tanhd.

Onward, u~-j peesh.

Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang i suleimani.

Open, «., &/$*. *>az kardan ; oif^3

vd kardan.

Open, j l» b«z ; jb vaz.

144 VOCABTTLAEY.

Openly, *J&,\ dshkdreh.

Opinion, sJ^ac akeedeh ; ^$]jraee.

Opium, 12) Ia/ tar yak.

Opponent, <-hj*- hareef.

Opportunity, o-^i fursat; o-sj

Oppose, v., sfxz> zid kardan.

Opposite (in position), ^.oj, roo-

be-roo ; J>li-« mukabil ; (adverse),

ijSs- aks.

Opposition, oilli" mukhdlifat.

Oppress, v., ±j> Jk> zulm kardan;

^^T^jjy ta'adi kardan.

Oppressed, *j&>* mazloom.

Oppression, jJJjzulm.

Oppressor, J'J» zalim.

Or, \> yd.

Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (mandarin),

,j£>j^ ndrengee ; (Seville), J>J^

ndrenj.

Orator, ,jLl3 ndtik.

Orchard, cli bdgh.

Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdyesh ;

»&* hukm ; (disposition), ^~jytarteeb ; J*> nuzm.

Order (command), v., ^y>/ far-

moodan ; ^ata S*. hukm, dddan ;

(arrange), ^ata t-~-VJ

tarteeb dd-

VOCABULARY. 115

dan ; ab Ji3 nuzm dadan ; ^>gAjfmunazam kardan.

Ordinarily, L^c imoomdn.

Oriental, ,_//-•mushraki.

Origin, J*>l «sL

Original, ^Julasli.

Ornament, jyj zeever.

Orphan, *~> yateem.

Ostensible,jt^ zdhir.

Ostrich, pj+j£> shutur murgh.

Other, J&z deeger ; y_L sdyer ; j£

ghair.

Oven5Jyj tanoor.

Over, ¥1? bald.

Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.

Overhear (to tell tales), v., &* a*"

&fsukhan cheen kardan.

Overlook (a house), r., ^ >_*/-.

muslirif boodan.

Oversee, v., ^f'c^iU mubdsherat

kardan.

Overseer,^U nmbdsher.

Oversight, ^4- sa fi v.

Ought, Jo.Ij bayed.

Our, U ma.

Out, or Outside, ^ beroon.

Outrage, j^^j zubberdusti. .

Owe, v., ,^-ta J>j* kurz dashtan.

146 TOCABULAEY.

Owl, *y. boom; <ix* chughd.

Own, ^=* khud.

Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ;

^jT^]^] i'tirafkardan.

Owner, t_~=*L> sahib ; dJL malik.

Ox, j^ gdv.

Oyster, i_iJ-» sadaf.

Pace, *J£ hadam.

Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh.

Pack, v., c^~j bustan.

Packing-needle, jja y}\j*. javal dooz.

Padlock, J» fcii/i.

Pagan, o-«^ e>? bwt jparoM.

Page (of a book), js?-* safha ; (at-

tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c gholam

peesh-khidmet.

Pageant, l-Ui' tamtisha.

Paid, »J^> Ul ad# shudefi.

Pain, j, j cZitrcZ.

Paint, s., dJ, rangr.

Paint, v., a&j v&>j rang zadan ; {Ji3j

^f nuksh Icardan.

Pair, ofl?. juft.

Palace, s^^ dargah ; c^Uc imdrat.

Palanquin, a\^jo>=? takliterawan.

Palatable, ^W-* muzzehdur.

VOCABULARY. 147

Palate, ^^ <-JH-j sukf-i-dahan.

Palm (tree), Up. kliorma; (of hand),

o—i t_sT kuf-i-dust.

Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh.

Paltry, iz~~^ pust.

Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan.

Pantaloons,j IjLa shalwar.

Panther, eLb palang.

Pantry, <uU. io^ sliarbat klidneh.

Paper, J*1T kdghaz ; (news), t*\jjjj

Paradise, cJl« behesM.

Parallel, ^L-*, musdvi.

Paralysis, J& faleej.

Paramour, jJ, rafeek.

Parcel, as-j busteh ; ^ bukcheh.

Parchment, y»\ u--^ poost-i-ahoo.

Pardon, yi-li? bakhshesh ; ^_j'-«-.

ma'a/.

Pardon, cJ -i/' «—*\** ma'af kardan j

^jJLic baklisheedan.

Pare, v., ^J^i.1/ tarasheedan.

Parent, JJlj vfiled.

Parole, Jy kol.

Parrot, ^>£> tootee.

Parrot-like, jj^lj ^^ tootee vfiree.

Parsimony, J* bukhl.

Parsley, l£^«* ja'aferi.

148 VOCABTTLAEY.

rtrfTfcPart, Sj'j pdreh ; a£j> tikkeh ;

hisseh.

Particular,, ^ya*? makhsoos ; u^li.

khass.

Pai'ticularly, U^ai. khesoosan ; leyasfi

makhsoosan.

Partner, d^ snareek.

Partridge (red-legged), eLS" kubk ;

(royal), ^^ dX fca&fc derree ;

(stone), j^i teehoo.

Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh.

Pass, «., ^^^guzaslitan.

Passage (river or mountain), ^ju>

ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro.

Passenger,yl~* musdfer.

Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.

Past, x^jfguzashteh.

Paste, ^-»i khameer.

Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'.

Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneedan.

Patch, iL»j vasleh.

Paternal, ^Jo pedderee.

Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja.hoseleh.

Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan doost.

Patron, <jy*murubi.

Pattern, <s3^»5nemooneh.

Pave, v., ^.Tyi^ tsk-i sangr /arsft.

fcardcm.

Pavement, yj>j>d^~. sang farsh.

VOCABULARY. 1 l«J

Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi.

Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh.

Pawn, v., ^SfjJ'gero guzashtan.

Pawn. See Chess.

Pay, t-«a.lj-<> mowajib.

Pay, v., zf\i>\ add Icardan ; ^U Ul

add dadan.

Pea (green), ^j* ty£ nakhood fren-

gi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.

Peace, Xo sulhh.

Peacock, i^-jU» taoos.

Peach, jl^*. hooloo.

Peak, ts kelleh.

Pear, ^^Wgulabi.

Pearl, Jo^ljj-omv.rwareed.

Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.

Peculiar, ^U. khdss.

Pedigree, J~i nasi.

Pedlar, u-jy '^.J* khurdeh froosh.

Peel, o-^ poost.

Peg, j^-omeekh.

Pen, Js kalam.

Pencil, ^IJld Js kalam medad ; &\»

medad.

Penetration, ^y^ teezhooshi.

Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.

Penknife, \J^J^ kalamtrdsh.

Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.

150 VOCABULAKY.

Pension, asJjj vazeefeh ; ^j+z~* mus-

tamurree.

Pensioner, jy» iLkj vazeefeh khor.

Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr.

Penury, _ Ua.1 ihtiaj.

People, jU. khalk ; Jjis* maklilook.

People, v., ysj> M abdd Tcardan.

Pepper, JaU filfil.

Perceive, v., ^JA o^l« multafat shu-

Peremptory, ^Lls kati'.

Perfect, *Uj' tamdm.

Perfidy, o3L±. khiyanat.

Perfume,^k* 'at**.

Perfume, v., asfjvu mu'attar Icav

Perhaps, Juli shayed.

Peril, Jai. khattar.

Permanent, Jta dayem.

Permission, sjL>l ijdzeh ; ^il izn.

Perquisite, Ji.lj*> muddkhil.

Persia, ^1^1 ir^im.

Person, ^^r1 shukhss.

Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.

Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.

Perspiration, j^ 'ara&.

Persuade, «., ^if ^j ra"

z^ kardan.

Pestilence, ^Ik tdoon.

VOCABULAEY. 151

Pestle, ^j^* *^>* dasteh havan.

Petition, a^p 'o/reezeh.

Pheasant, Jjl5/ karkaool.

Phlegm, Jij balgha-m.

Phrase, J^>\ istilahh; <z>jlz ibarat.

Pick, «., ^^ cheedan.

Pick (tooth), J^U. feTieZil.

Pickaxe, xXlcoland.

Pickle, J^J turslii.

Picture, a££5 naksheh ; &jy> soorat.

Piebald, jl»l aftkfc.

Piece, JjIj pdreh ;& tikkeh.

Piety, is*>l»i diyanat.

Pig, d^i. khook.

Pigeon, /$i" kabootar ; (vulg. >af

Tcaftar) .

Pike, sj-j nayzeh.

Piles (disease),^-V boraseer.

Pilgrim, jljjzowdr ; (to Mecca), ^L*

Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.

Pill, »--» 7iub.

Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.

Pillar, j=~>setoo?i.

Pillow, £u mutaka.

Pin, dj^- soozan.>

Pincers,^1 anbur.

Pinch, ^fj^> nishkun giriftan.

152 VOCABULARY.

Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas.

Pipp» Jt^ chebuoh.

Piquan t, jb^o muzz ehdar ;

muzzeli.

Pistachio, <i^~j pisteli.

Pistol, as: Li' tabanclieh.

Pitch, eJj zift ; Jt? keer.

Pitch (with pitch), v., ^J^Umaleedan ; ^JJ'-* j£ keer

dan ; (a tent), &j ji>\.

zadan.

Pitcher, tj^koozeli.

Pitiless, *3"j<3 bee rah'm.

Pith, ji* mughz.

l» &a

maZee-

chadur

Pity, *&•; ration.

Place, U- j« ; J&* makan.

Plague, ^U> ta'oon.

Plain, s., \j£° sahra.

Plain, adj.,j\)+to hamvdr ; ^_i

(ugly), oij zisht.

Plaintiff, ^J^ mudaee.

Plan, d-laJ naksheh.

Plane (tree), jU^. chenar.

Plank, ais: takliteli ; r_jJZo/Ji

Plaut, sz> biitteh.

Plaster, Sgach.Plate. oU^j boshkab.

Platform, £~> sakoo.

U sa/;

VOCABULARY.

Play, s., ^jl bazi.

Play, v., ^f i^jlj bazi kardan.

Pleasant, ui^- khosh ; (of a place),

U-» o ba sefd ; »j» khoram.

Pleiades, ^j. parveen.

Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.

Plentiful, \j\ji ferdvdn.

Plough, psr1 shukhm.

Pluck (flowers), v., aJ#* cheedan;

(a bird), '^.^Sc^l abreet kardan.

Plum, j)laloo.

Plunder, c^lc ghdrat.

Plural, ***. jame'.

Pocket, <-~a. jeeb.

a*: Li" ketabchehPocket-book, J«

baghali.

Poern,^i> shiHr.

Poet,^cli sliair.

Point (dot), JaftJ nukteh ; (of a

speech, etc.), <uCi nukteh ; (of a

sword, etc.) >>r- sar.

Poison, y*j za7i'r.

Pole (geographical), c_Ja» feuft; (of

a tent), d,.> derefc.

Policeman, ^-J^ poleess.

Polite, ^^U mo'adab.

Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.

Pomegranatejlil andr.

154 VOCABULABY.

Pomp, o^ia- hishmet.

Pond, ij>y* hoz; ^^ istakhr (vulg.

J^J istalkh).

Ponder, v., ^J*^*-sanjeedan.

Ponderous, c^£-j sangeen.

Poniard, &*s kameh.

Poor, jjis fakeer ; tj\$i bee chdreh.

Poppy, ^IsA* khashkhdsh.

Populace, -It '#m.

Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.

Porcupine,^ i*.y± joojeh teghee.

Port,jJ^ bunder.

Porter, ^'u,^ durban ; ^yj* ka-

poochi.

Portico, ^kjl di/van.

Portion, a^a. Msseh.

Position, Js* mahal.

Positive, ^jftju yakeen.

Positively, Uj*j yakeenan ; Lk* 7iu/c-

Possess, v., ^jiita dashtan ; i—^m

^jiita tassaruf dashtan.Ml

Possession, i-J^ai' tassaruf.

Possible, ^Co mumkin.

Possibly, JoU. shayad.

Possibility, K*\ imkdn.

Post (letter), ii.->^j poos£; (situation),

VOCABTJLABY.

mansab ; (timber, etc.), J*«

Posterior, t-^ 'akab.

Posterity, ^j\ owldd.

Postmaster, diU?~4 ^j reis posta-

khdneh.

Post-office, ail* ix-i posta khdneh.

Postpone, v., ^ >-*yy mowkoof

kardan.

Pot, eHj«j deeg ; ijykoozeh.

Potash, cjU^-9 Italydb.

Potato, kS^J seeb-i-zameeni.

Potter,J^tjfkoozeliger.

Pour, v., ,.jxa£j reekhtan.

Poverty, ^J\S^geddee.

Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot ; (medi-

cine), ujy-. sefoof.

Power, oy koovat; ty,Ji kudrat; jj)

Practice, j£- mashk.

Praise, Uoju ta'areef.

Prank, i^> sheeveh.

Prawn, £~» maygoo.

Prayer, U^ dud ; jLi nemdz.

Preach, v., ^f^-3 va'az kardan.

Preacher, Mj vd'iz.Mi

Precedent, a*jJu mukadameh.

Precious, ^fgerdn-, j-»-Skaimati.

156 VOCABULAKY.

Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah.

Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh ; s+J&c mu-

kadameh.

Prefer, v., a\± *^h tarjeelih

dddan.

Preference, •>=./ tarjeelih.

Preferment, JiJ turukki.

Pregnant, yji-ol dbestan.

Premium, ^tab pdddsh.

Preparation, e^lJo teddruk ; i-^tehieh.

Prepare, v., ^>t> d,ljJ tedaruk dee-

daw; ytj a.J tehieh kardan ;^UQ&jTlidzer kardan.

Presence, ^.a*. hezoor ; £y±j vejood.

Present (not absent), ^U. hdzir ;

(from inferior to superior), i_i,l*y

ta'druf; J^J-ti 2)&eshkesh ; (su-

perior to inferior), old! iltifdt ;

(of money), ..Ui! ana'dm; (presentw

tense), -vJU hdlieh; (at present),

5)U. fraZa,- (for the present), Jiio

Preserve (jam), s., l^* murabbd.

Preserve, v., t^\^ siJnegah ddshtan.

Press (squeeze), v., *j2J feshurdan ;

^^jl djj' iaua dwardan.

Presume (imagine), v., ^ JU-^

YOCABULABY. 157

khidl kardan ; (be presumptuous),

^ijT&j^a. jessdrat kardan.

Presumption, ^^—?• jessdrat.

Pretence, «jjI# bahdneh.

Preternatural, sJs-\3 ui^-i. khaldf-i-

Tcaadeh.

Prevail, v., ^J^ c-J^ ghdlib shit-

Prevent, v., c^i^ j\>.bdz dashtan ;

^j^, «iU mdn'e shudan.

Previous, j~~j peeshter.

Prey, J** sayd ; J&, shekdr.

Price, o*s5 kaymat.

Priceless, o-o-S ,jbee Tcaymat.

Pride, jj;/; ghroor.

Prince, .oljsli. shdhzddeh.

Princelike, ajUli shdhdneh.

Princess, JU. *^lj«lii shdhzddeh hh.a-

Principal (sum), J-.1 oslj (chief),

^-J, reHss.

Print, «., ^^TujU c/wp kardan.

Printer, ^j^V chdpzan.

Prison, ^r^- hubss ; gUij zenddn.

Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.

Privacy, e^U. khalvat.

Private, u»l> khdss; u>y*& makh-

sooss.

158 TOCABTJLABY.

Privately, J& mukhfee; J\h j*

dur penhdnee.

Prize, v., ^\z jij*'azeez dashtan.

Probable, [J^> mumkin.

Probability, J&\ imkdn.

Procession, tz~>z dusteh.

Procrastinate, v., &&J'\sf 3)ijA ^m "

rooz o fardd kardan.

Produce, v., &*j3\ j> bar awardan;

^J^jtt^i zaher kardan.

Profit, £» nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.

Profitable, sJu> mofeed.

Profound, j*** 'ameek.

Prohibit, v., oif^* man '

e kardan;

^j&U jb bdz dashtan; &&\* 1jva

ddshtan.

Project, s., s*]j\irddeh.

Project, v., *f **\j\irddeh kar-

Promise, »J*j va'adeh; Jy kol.

Promise, v., a*h f^j va'adeh da-

dan; &&\& JjS kol dddan.

Promote, v., a *\* JJ turukki dddan.

Promotion, J>J>turukki.

Promulgate, v., a*\* ^j^ shuhrat

dddan.

Pronunciation, fcaS talafuz.

Proof, J^-i daleel.

VOCABTTLABY. 159

Proper, l^*-^ drust ; L-—.U-* mu-

ndsib.

Property, JU mal.

Prophet, jr**~> payghambar.

Proposal, i—flJ£>' takleef.

Propose,^., .«i>j k-ftJ^i' takleef kardan.

Proprietor, c_-a.U sahib ; eUU

malik.

Propriety, {f^\t> shdyestigee.

Prospect, Ja^c munzur.

Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl.

Prosperous, JU1 I? ba ikbdl.

Protect, v., ^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar-

Protector, ^.U. Titfmi.

Proud, j^«* maghroor ; jSL> muta-

kabir.

Prove, v., ^^p l^o^ sdbit kardan.

Provender, jJ* 'aleek.

Proverb, Ji* masal.

Provided, £XjL> beshart-i-kch.

Province, oe^j veld yet.

Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari.

Provision, tjt±jzakhireh.

Proviso, \>jZ*shart.

Provocation, ekys tahreek.

Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj£

^f tahreek kardan.

160 VOCABULARY.

an-Provoker, is),** muhank ; jt±

Prudence, c^u haseerat ; ^jLi*

hoshydri.

Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HL

Public (the), s.pie

Puff out, v., ^/ly foot hardan.

Pull, v., s^lcasheedan.

Pulley, ^a. cha/rkh.

Pulpit, ^~u muriba/r.

Pulse, ^ nabz.

Pumpkin, j>>S" Tcadoo.

Pun, -lajl iliam.

Puuisb, «., ^^S^a-^" tanbeeh hardan.

Punishment, a~jj tanbeeh;

sidssat.

Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.

Purchase, s., Jo^i. Jchareed.

Purchase, v., ^J^p- Ichareedam.

Purchaser, j\ Jo^i. Ichareed.ar ; ^jj^**

mushtari.

Pure, tiU *«/; j^L sddeh.

Purgative, Jf-~» mus-liil.

Purify, v., (jjj/'iJ'wi sdf hardan.

Purple (crimson), ,j\^-j\ drghawdni;

(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.

Purport, i_Jlu matlab.

Purpose, ji_^aiomahsood.

TOCABULAET. 101

Purse, i^S"keese% ; ^jS"keef.

Pursue, v., ^y^is. 'aliab kardan.

Push, v., $4$j ui-j peesh randan.

Put, v., { \J^ guzdshtan ,• ^U5 ne-

hadan.

Putrefy, v., g&xS'gandeedan.

Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh.

Puzzle, v., yj^T J\ri^- hayran kar-

Quadrangle (court), oU hay at ;

(square), /ijj* muraba.

Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd.

Quadruple, J/JLjl-a-*. chehdr muka-

Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.

Quality, jIjju mikddr.

Quantity, ^1Jiu mikddr.

Quarrel, *«»U* murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa.

Quarter, q rub'e ; i^ ; U*- chehdr-

yeky or d,U chdrek.

Queen, a^L> malakeh.

Quell, v., £,$£\s^*\~> sdkit kardan.

Quench (fire), ^.^Tji^U. kharno

kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3 £.9,

ra/'e tishnagi kardan.

Question, Jj£- soo-al.

162 VOCABULARY.

Quick (speedy), J^J tund ; (living),

^a.ha'i ; »JJj zendeh.

Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak ; ty-^a. jee-

Quiet, J,1 dram.

Quilt, t—»U lahdf.

Qaince, jj beh.

Quit, v., ^^J>[tarlc Cardan.IN

Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh.

Quotation, J£i mtH.

Quote, v., zf^& nuTcl kardan.

Rabbi, *U.«. khdkhdm.

Rabbit, <J»fj» khargoosh.

Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.

Raddish, aa-y torubcheh.

Radiance, Ji^jj roshndee.

Rafter, ^j teer.

Rag, a^j peeneh.

Railing, j^* ma'jur.

Railway, ^\i\, rdh-i-dhen .

Raiment, y-U lebas.

Rain, ^l baran ; J^j^ barish.

Rain, ^J^ bdreedan.

Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazahh.

Raisp, v., ^Ijjj bar ddshtan.

Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.

TOCABULAET. 1G3

Ram, lJiirc meesh.

Ramble, ^J^. sayr kardan.

Ramrod, a~-« sunbeh.

Rancid, ***£ tukhmaee.

Rancourous, i^'keenehee.

Random, ,J^\ itifdki.

Rank, ^li sha'an.

Ransack, ^^/"c^lc ghdrat kardan.

Ransom, a> ji fadiyeh.

Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund.

Rapier, s^IjJ kaddreh.

Rare, t->'o Skam yah.

Rascal. t&\j p\j*.hardm zadeh.

Rascality, u5^1j »\^ hardm zddehgee.

Rash, l»l>1 j> bee ihtidt.

Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..

Raven, t\) zdgh.

Raw, J.U. kham; tali ndpookhteh.

Ray> jilrf porta

Razor, (j*—^ AJ tee^i daldki.

Reach, v., ^ajL, o— j dust resdnee*

Reach, s., u-j Lr~—> dust rus.

Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh.

Read, v., ^Ail^i. khdndan.

Readily, J^Ij bdmayl.

Ready, ^L. lulzer.

Ready-cash, JJii nukd.

164 VOCABULAET.

hdkeeki.

hakeekatan.

^=Jl*-o mamlakat.

Real, J'

Really,

Realm,

Heap, v.,- o^Jj^ ^er0 kardan.

Rear (bring up), v., a<kj%i parvaree-

dan; (as a horse), ^L~il Ijj^j

bardopd istddan.

Eeason (mind), Jae akl ; (proof),

JJa daleel.

Rebel, J^_ yaghi.

Rebel, v., jjJw. .^V yaghi shudan.

Rebound, v., c^Tjb fraz gashtan.

Rebuke, v., ±f *JJjj~>sarzanesh

kardan.

Recall, v., ^A~& j^ baz talabeedan.

Recede, v.. <j£>j>. bargasMan; {:}^Sj^

bdzgashtan.

Receipt, J*-, raseed ; ^> kubz.

Receive, ^J> giriftan ; ^^Tj^J ka-

bool kardan.

Recent, sjl; tdzeh.

Recite, v., ^^fjai nakl kardan.

Reckon, v., ^-^.T'cjl-^a. hissdb kar-

Recognise, v., c^i.Li shendkhtan.

Recollect, v., ^a\>_ ydd kardan.

Recommend, v., ^sf uV*- sefd-

resh kardan.

YOCABTTLAEY. 16;

Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi.

Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy*muzd ; olslC mukdfdt.

Reconcile, v., ^^b zJ^\ dshti dddan.

Record, v., i>f^^4 suit kardan.

Recover (get back), v., ^IjjIj bdz

ydftan; (health), ^l lii shefd

ydftan.

Rectitude, jJu» sidh ;(jJ\J rdstee.

Red (crimson), j*J kirmiz; (scarlet),

ty surkh.

Reduce, v., ±fS^kam kardan.

Reed, ^ nay.

Reel, £i3*b£ kaldfeh-nakh.

Refer, v., c*j~ *+\j rdji' kardan;

^ijj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan.

Reflect (think), v., ^j^x-^ sondan.

Refrain, ^^JLT'o— j dust kasheedan.

Refuge, «b pendh.

Refuge (to take), v., a^\ *tj pendhawardan.

Refuse, v., ^J^ Jj-» kabool nekar-

Refute, v., ^J'^j rud kardan.

Regard (esteem), v., j&\* j>je-'azeei

ddshtan; (look at), ±jfi& ne<jdh

kardan.

166 VOCABTTLAEY.

Regard (esteem), fir^iMiram.

Regent, *li* -i^ kd'im makdm; ^^Vja-nesheen.

Regiment, ~y foj.

Region, ^V naivdliee.

'Register, s.,>»o daftar (pL>l»a de-

bater) .

Register, v., &*f*z4 subt kardan.

Regret, u->~^ afsooss.

Regret, v., ^sib ^-j-il a/sooss d«s7i-

Regular, *J*te ^ 6« kd'adeh.

Regularly, sO^U jsl^ mo'dfik-i-ka' a-

Regulate,v., C)'ib *~e£tanzeem dadan

Regulation, sJ^V§ kd'adeh; ^y^ kd-

Reign, s., oJJL- sultanat.

Reign, v., ^.a^o^aLi sultanat /car-

Rein, jl».o-»«> dust-i-jelo.

Relate, v., c-iT J55 ^w7cl kardan;

^jdfsj* kisseh guftan.

Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kardan.

Religion, &a deen ; l-*»J* muzhab.

Relish, tj*muzzeh.

Rely, v., jj^-Uatefcl itakad dashtan.

Remain, v., JoL mandan.

VOCABTTLAEY.

Remainder, ^st bdki.

Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab.

Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; »,L. chdreh.

Remember, ^b at ydd ddshtan.

Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir),

^tat yddgar,

Remind, v., ^jl at y#d mvardan ;

ij-tf u^'^' - ydddveri kardan.

Remissness, cJisc. ghiflat.

Renew, v., ^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed kar-

Renounce, v., ±fJCA inkar kardan.

Rent (fissure), dU. c/iafc ; (bire),

S, -s. ijdreh; a^kerdyeh.

ta'ameerRepair (mend), ^a^S"

Cardan.

Repairs, oj^w ta'ameerat.

Repeal, v., ^^Tjtt 6a£e £ A:arf7<>>i.

Repeat, «., ^pTjl i« 3 guftan ; j\jZj

v^ftikrar kardan.

Repeatedly, ^^C mukarar.

Repent, v., j^ ^I^JLj peshimdnshudan.

Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.

Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.

Replete, ^U-» mamlu.

Reply, ^l^a- jawab.

Report, j*± khabar ; cj^i. shuhret.

168 VOCABULARY.

Repose, v., ^f e^o.1^.1 isterahat

kardan.

Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\

dsoodegee.

Represent (expose), v., sfj\&>\ iz-

hdr kardan.

Reprieve, oU* mulilat.

Reproach, d «5j&&> ta'aneh zadan.

Reprove, v., sf J^)j~> sarzanish

kardan.

Reptile, ; jjU. janiver.

Reputation, )j>\abroo ; i^-mIj nd-

mooss.

Reputable,^** md'taber.

Request, v., *f u8*!?* kha'hesh

kardan.

Request, s., (ji*^ kha'hesh.

Require, v., ^\j± khdstan.

Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.

Rescue, oU nejdt.

Rescue, v., ^b oUs nejdt dddan.

Resemblance, oaI~£> shebdhat.

Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. shebdhat

ddshtan.

Reside, v., ^^b U£- suknti ddshtan.

Residence, <J^~* musken.

Resign, v., ^^b U~~*l isteefd dddan.

Resin, *£j1 angum ; y>~>sakkaz.

YOCABTTLABY. 169

Resist, v., &*/ jTs^li-jl istadigee

Tcardan.

Resolve, v., &&/],[? kerdr giriftan.

Resolution,J\J kerdr.

Respect, s., f\f=-\iMirdm.

Respect, v., cJx-Jb *jzsfi muhtarem

ddnestan.

Respectable,^*- mo'taber.

\j~*>1 isterd-Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ;

Rest, v, ^j o=»l; rdhat Tcardan.

Rest (support), aS3 tekieh.

Result, istP nateejeh.

Resurrection, o<U kiydmat.

Retail, J^jj *i>j* khoordeh feroo-

Retain, v., { \<i j& negdh dashtan.

Retribution, oljW* mujazdt.

Return, s., \z**\p murdja'at.

Return (come back), v., ^^'

j> bar

gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ murdja'at

kardan; (give back), &&U ^ pus

dddan.

Reveal, ^f\J&\ dshkdreh kardan.

Revenge, *taal intikdm.

Revenue, oUU mdlydt.

Review, s., ^L sdn.

Review, v., ^jo ^L* sdn deedan.

170 YOCABTTLAKY.

Revolution, ^J,^ gardish.

Revolve, v., ^Jj^S" gardeedan.

Revolver, aJy,^^ as'Lk tapdnchehsheshlooleh' ee.

Reward, «., ^.sb pdddsh ; c>*».j ja.

hak-i-zahmat ; -Uil ana'dm.

Reward, v., ±\i -Uil ana?dm dddan.

Rhubarb (medecine), JiymJ rawand ;

(fruit), w°\y.j rivas.

Rhyme, aJls kdfieh.

Rib, «JJ^ dendeh.

Ribbon,j ly navdr.

Rice, J^j berinj ; (plain boiled) ^U.

chelo ; (with sauce, &c), _jb pilo.

Rich, cJ«>5 L_-a.U. sdhib doiclet.

Riddle, U»u> muammd.

Ride, r, ^J-i.^!^-. sawar shudan.

Rider, j'^-i sawdr.

Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.

Ridicule, j^sr** muskhareh.

Right (not left), Li~-^ rdst ; (due),

jp. liaklc.

Righteous, jiJ-» sadeek ; ^j\xi si-

ddkat.

Righteousness, jSu> sidk.

Rigid, oL. stf£ ; o^-1 sakht.

Eing, «L. halkeh ; (of finger), _/^Jol

YOCABULAEY. 171

Ring, v., ^j^i^ebj zang kasheedan.

Riuglet, i-dj ZW-Kiot, Ifcjfe ghogha.

Ripe, jJu-jj raseedeh.

Rise, v., e^-.U.^j bar khdstan ; ^J^V

pa shudan.

Risk,^lai- khatar.

Rival, *-sjj». hareef.

River, ^ rood ; jjU.^ roodkhaneh.

Rivulet, ^3 Tia^ir.

Road, i\jrah ; *^V jddeh.

Roar, v., .>j */a na'areh zadan.

Roast, v., ^^\fkabab kardan.

Rob, v., ^^ diczdeedan.

Robber, &)& duzd ; (highway), tfAj

rdhzan.

Robbery, ^j^ diizdee.

Robe, Us kebd.

Robust, J^lS tanomund.

Rock, jS'kamar.

Rocket,^ sli. shdh-teer.

Rogue, ^j\ abash; j./>shareer.

Roguery, c^fi sherarat.

Roll (list), o-> fihrist; (of linen,

&c), ^ looleh.

Roll (on the ground), r., ^V* ghal-

teedan ; (make a), ^U Jj!fooZeh

safc/i&m.

172 VOCABULARY.

Rolling-pin, aj.s,j vardeneh ; <v^&.

choobeh.

Roof, t-ii-» sak'f ; *1j bam.

Rook, i.'Xf'keldgh.

Room, jU»jl otafe.

Root (of a plant), ii^j reesheh ; (of

a matter), Jol dsl ; ^ beekh.

Rope, ^U—ij reesmdn.

Rosary, ^t-^Jtasbeehh.

Rose (ordinary), ~j~> jTgul-i-surkli;

(grafted), ^j^Jj-j-j payvandi ;

(monthly), j^j jTgul-i-rashti.

Rose-water, iS^giildb.

Rot, v., yJ~~>yr poosedan.

Rotation, ^sj'gardesh.

Rough, jjj zibr ; c^i,^ drusht.

Roughly, (j^j-i I? bd drushtee.

Round, ^S ^ird ; j3x» modavar ; (oful

artillery), eUi sheleeJc.

Row (line), «_»-» sw/; Wi. A'Tiai.

Row (in a boat), v., *j jj/o paroo

Royal, djLli slidhdneh.

Rub, v., ^JJU maZeecZan..

Rubbing, ^U rndlish.

Rubbish, Jli^l dshJchdl.

Ruby, JJ Za'Z.

Rug, *s?l» kdlicheh.

VOCABTJLAEY. 173

Ruin (building), *>[£. khardbeh ;

(destruction), ^j1> khardbi.

Ruined, ^Jw. i-jl^i.khardb shudan ;

^ijsf makhroob.

Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government),

o-j^. hekoomat.

Rule (lines), «., ^J^T k±. fc7ia£ fca-

sheedan ; (govern), ±jf \z~*>f*>

hekoomat kardan.

Ruler (for lines), jX^-» musdar ;

(governor), *^=>^ hakim.

Rumour, c^i. shuhrat.

Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan ; ..^^

Runner (footman), JoiL shdtir.

Rust, ebj zan^.

Sable (fur), mV"-sanjab.

Sabre,j*Z-C> shamsheer.

Sack, s., J^ jawdl.

Sack, i'., ^T £^U j L^i.lj tefcM o

tdrdj kardan.

Sacred, ^-Ji- mukuddus.

Sacrifice, s., ^l?/ kurbdn.

Sacrifice, v., o'if ok/ kurbdn kar-

Sad, eU-x

diltang

174 YOCABULABY.

Saddle, &) zeen ; (pack), .^\j pdldn.

Safe, ^\ amn.

Safely, ^-»^L. Ij bd saldmat.

Safety, i»}L, saldmati.

Saffron, ^J&j za'aferdn.

Sage (wise), Jsls- 'dkil.

Said (aforesaid ),jj^J^ mazkoGr.

Sail, ^W^ bddbdn.

Sailor, ,j^j» bahri.

Saint,^ peer ; a^lj^Ll imdmzddeh.

SakeJ>fkU. Jchdter.

Sal-ammoniac, j^U.J neshddur.

Salary, t—-^.^ mawdjib.

Sale, a-j bay ; j-^ feroosh.

Saliva, i-Jj £w/.

Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.

Salt, dUi nemek.

Salt-cellar, a\i eU5 nemek-dan.

Salty, jy± shoor.

Saltpetre, *;yi shooreh.

Salubrious, JL sdlim.

Salver, acj**« majma'eh.

Salutation, j«iL.salarn.

Salute, v., a&\a |»^L,saldm dddan.

Same, lj~+a, hameen.

Sample, *i^*i nemooneh.

Sanction, *jl».l ijdzeh.

Sand, <j-U mdseh.

VOCABULABY. 175

Sandal, j,U. eharuk.

Sandal-wood, J*u- sandal.

Sanguinary, ^y£y» khoonkhdr.

Sap, ij>£>sheereh.

-Sapphire, J^ajslj yakoot kabood.

Sarcasm, ±±sh ta'aneh.

Satin, u-itl atlas.

Sash, AzijS kamarband.

Satan, ^^A1 shaitan.

Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet.

Satisfy, v., o^^j r5a1'

kardan.

Saturate, v., o&J}t?»klieess kardan.

Saucer, ^XJuond'albeki.

Save, v., ^ta olsi wej«£ dddan.

Saving (frugal*, jljJl ^^j pus dnddz.

Savour, oJJ lizzet ; tj+muzzeh.

Saw, sj\arreh.

Say, v., ^giiftan.

Saying, j\xfgvftdr.

Scabbard, «—»"$£ gheldf.

Scafiblding, ^xj v>*- choob nabdi.

Scale, a\jt^meezdn.

Scar, eta ddgh.

Scarce, S" kam ; JJs kaleel ; ^ fkam-ydb.

Scarcity, JaJ kahtee.

Scare, v., Juil~>/ tarsdneedan.

Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.

176 VOCABTTBABY.

Scatter, v., ^J^Ij pdskeedan ; ^J&

v^fpakhsh kardan.

Scent, y, boo.

Scent, v., o^fy. boo kardan.

Scholar (pupil), *j£=\2> sliagird ; (di-

vinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned

man), J* l-^U sahib VVni.

School, ju-^j^o madrasseh ; t_~iC

malctub ; (fellow), t_-^ ^ hvmi

maktub ; (master), J** mo'allem.

Science, Jic ilm.

Scissors, i>)/* mikrdz ; ^si? kaychi.

Scold, v., i^f J*)j~> sarzanish kar>

Scorch, v., ^3-. sookhtan.

Scorpion, i-ys- akrab.

Scoundrel, **\j*\j* hardmtddeh.

Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.

Scrape, v., ^j-il^. khardsTieedan.

Scratch, v., see scrape.

Scream, v., ^j j**. jeek zadan.

Screen, a>yr pardeh.

Screw, g} peech.

Scribe, ^Kkdtib.

Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.

Sculpture, ^Isi nakdahi.

Scum, (-aTfea/.

Sea, \)j& daryd.

VOCABULARY. 177

Seal, j4» rrmh'r ; (animal), 1;a eU

sag-i-daryd.

Seal, v., ^J'jt* muh'r kardan.

Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz.

Search, v., ^a~a. justan ; ifj*~*-

just ojoo kardan; ^\s*^ tafa-

hus kardan.

Season, ^j* mowsam; J-as/us'Z.

Seat, cJi—ti ^U. jdee neshestan.

Second (time), A,Jl> sdni-eh ; (posi-

tion), js_s duyum ; ^Jl?sirct.

Secret, jl, r<£z.

Sect, aAjU» tdyefeh.

Section, -adal kuta'e'h.

Secure, ky«* mahfooz.

Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.

Sedition, ^Li fasdd ; *u» fitneh.

See, v., b)«*><s deedan.

Seed,j*s?

tukhm.

Seek, e^~». justan.

Seem, v., ,j«>>*5na?noodan ; Jui^»'.ii

zaTwr shudan.

Seize, ^pfgirijtan.

Seldom, b'^,JJ nudratan; jiSkamtar.

Select, v., ±f <-i\&\ intikhdb kar-

Select, p,p., ir^* muntakhib.

Self, *ji.khud.

178 YOCABTTLABY.

Selfish, ir~->.> uji. khud doost.

Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.

Send, v., ^\^ji feristddan.

Senior,^ peer ; jSkebeer.Senna (drug), U- senna.

Sense (feeling), y-a. hiss; (intellect) f

Jiit 'akl.

Senseless (wanting life), J^^. bee-

hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**?

bee-ma'anee.

Sent, s3\z~>j9 feristddeh.

Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret. See

Judgment.

Sentinel, ^U-b pdssbdn.

Separate, 1 J**, judd.

Separately, o***^ eldhedeh; 1^*- !«**.

judd-judd.

Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.

Sepulchre, fifgoor.

Sequel, &J&A dkherat.

Sequester, ^$f\>~i> zubt liardan.

Sergeant, ^£»l?a dah bdshi.

Serious (affair), *$* mohim; (person),

j^L. sangeen.

Serpent,jU mar.

Serpentine, -£,L mdrpeech.

Servant, j&*£ noker ; p^U.Mid-

VOCABULAEY. 179

Serve, v., ^sf^fy nokeri kardan ;

^^"oowXi. khidmat Jcardan.

Service, \jj>y nokeri; o-J^- khid-

Set, v., ^loT guzashtan ; ^jI^J ne-

hddan.

Settle, v., ^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan;

(jail J^j}j5 kerdr guzashtan.

Several, jo*, chund ; ^.J^- chun-

Severe, ^.j-* sakht ; Jo j*£i shedeed.

Sew, y^iji dookhtan.

Shabby, ^*H». hakeer.

Shade, 4jL» sayeh.

Shake, v., c a\i ^Kj takdn dddan.

Shame, *jitshurm ; L> hyd.

Shameless, *jL ^ bee shurm ; W (_j

See 7iya.

Shank, jL safe.

Shape, J£-i. shikl ; o-» heyat.

Share, v., ±jiz~+~a kismat kardan.

Sharp, jJ teez.

Shatter, v.} $jT Sj^i.

khoord kardan

Shave, v., ^J-i]/ terdsheedan.

Shawl, Jli shdl.

Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.

Sheet, J-*^ shamad ; ii\» moldfeh.

Shelf, *JIk tdkcheh.

180 VOCABULARY.

Shell (fish), i_»J^ sadaf; (bomb),

Sj\j*». hhonvpdreh.

Shelter, *Uj pendh.

Shepherd, c;^»»- choopdn.

Sherbet, o^> sharbat.

Shield, j~* neper.

Shiue, v., ^j^jIj tdbeedan ; ^Ju-1^dara/c/iseedaw.

Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz ;fj£S'~keshtee.

Ship, -y., yjj^J^a. 7i,a?uZ ~kardan;j\i

^fbdr Jcardan.

Shiver, v., ^>jj larzeedan.

Shock, aoJwj sudmeh ; uj,.* 2iw&; ^K)'

Shock (to give a), ^Ij ^Ki takdn

dddan.

Shoe, L£iS'lcafsh ; (horse), JsJ na'ai ;

(canvas), tyS'geeveh.

Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz.

Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>)zadan ;

(to fire upon), ^jTjZ cUtf tufang

dar kardan.

Shoot, s., As^-lii shdkhcheh.

Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y wine),

ails*- maykhdneh ; (apothecary's),

ajU. j^ dawdkhdneh.

Shore, *JS kendreh.

Short, t^jfkootdh.

YOCABTTLAKY 181

Shortly (in short), j^s." rrmkhtasser ;

(presently), j^^ filfor ; 5H

Shortsighted, ^^kambeen.Shot, a^.Li sachmeh.

Shovel, Jrf &eel.

Shoulder, jjI- shdneh.

Shout, s., jb dad; jljl dvdz.

Shout, v., i/"j>b dad kardan ; jhjl

jjj^/'ai'az kardan; 2jT \j«, sedd

kardan.

Show, s., liLi' tamdshd.

Show, v., ^^b ^llj nishdn dddan.

Shower, yi/o bdresh.

Shrewd, ^Li.^* hoshyar.

Shriek. See Scream.

Shrimp, £* maygoo.

Shrink, v., jJLT-*;

.> dar 7ium la-

sheedan.

Shroud, ^kajan.Shrub, &* booteh.

Shuffle, v., &*j~*j> barhum zadan.

Shun, v., ^.ip vUs&.l ijtendb kardan.

Shut, v., c>i~j bustan.

Shy, J^- khijil.

Sick, yiji-li ndkhosh ; Ju.j* mareez;

^? behdlat ; JJ* aleel ;

za'eef.

18S YOCABTJLABY.

Side, ^Jjo taraf; ^ pahloo.

Siege, s^-ls* mohdssereh.

Sieve, J^c gharbeel.

Sift, v.j ^^ beekhtan.

Sigh, xJjTi\ dh kesheedan.

Sight,^lii nazar ; sfc negdh.

Sighted (short), ^.S' kambeen ;

(dim), ^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug),

^^j^i doorbeen,

Sign, ^li-3 nishdn ; u^«^U 'ilamat.

Signal, Sjlil ishdreh.

Signature, f'uiol -iniza'.

Significant, (_f^* 'o ba nza'anee.

Signify, v., i \^ ia*+ ma'anee dash'

Silence, <S"J*U. khdmooshee.

Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.

Silly, *^_j*j beehoodeh.

Silver, tj& nukreh.

Similar, J^L manend.

Simple, *.>'•— sddeh.

Sin, »UTgundh.

Sin, i>., Lj>i/'»Ur5rz7jia7i, kardan.

Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choonkeh.

Sincere, j^U s«cZiA; ; >_»L> .sa/.

Sincerity, i^5ljs-> seddkat.

Sinful, ^ITsUS gondhkar.

YOCABUEALY. 1S3

Sing, ^J^y- khdndan. ; ^Jil^i )Wdvdz khdndan.

Singer, sJcJlji.khdnendeh.

Single, eiJ tak ; (unmarried), ^s*

mujurrad.

Singular, &ju mufrad.

Sink, v., j*j 3} froo raftan ; j>

a J£> ghurk shudan ; ^jj* ^°J*

ghooteh khurdan.

Sinless, «U£o beegondh.

Sinner, JC*\£ gondh-kdr.

Sip, v., ^yiy»j* muzmuzeh kardan.

Sir, L_*&.L» sahib.

Sirup, fj*^ sheereh.

Sister, j*\y» khdher ; *^i~»» ham-

sheereh.

Sit, v., c^—15 neshestan.

Situation, ^(C makdn.

Situated, *slj vake'.

Size, Ji kud ; *j1jj1 dnddzeh.

Size (glue), J^ sereesh.

Skewer, ^s-iseekh.

Skilful, jjls fca&ik

Skill, o-k^ kdbiliyat.

Skin, s., o-_>i poost.

Skin, v., xS'^->y, poost kandan.

Skirt, ^b damen.

Skulk, v., J-i ^W^ penhun shudan.

184 VOCABULARY.

Sky, ^U-.] asmdn.

Slack, tj>—» sust.

Slacken, v., ^fiz~~~> sust kardan.

Slap, ^^L-iseelee.

Slaughter, Ji» kutl.

Slave, j.iU gholam.

Slay, v., ^^ifkushtan.

Sleek, *>j furbeh.

Sleep, s., vl}» khdb.

Sleep, v., ^j-olji. khdbeedan.

Sleeplessness, ^[5-*^ beekhdbee ;

^Ijuj beeddree.

Sleeve, ^t^] asteen.

Slender, ek,U bareek.

Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan.

Slide, s., tj^Ju shurshureh.

Slight. See Slender.

Slime, ^ lejjen.

Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.

Slip, v., &&_$ laghzeedan.

Slip, s., ^p^i! laghzesh; (of a plant),

Js kalam ; (of the pen), *l»j«-

sah'v-i-kalam.

Slippery, JJ Zeez.

Slit, v., ^pte. shakdftan.

Slow, ai~j»1 dhisteh ; ^y. yavdsh ;

jSkund.

Slowly, <vi~jb1 dhisteh.

VOCABULARY. 185

Sluggard, Jp tunbul.

Sly, hJ^j zeereJc.

Small, eUjTfciicTiefe ; ^y- khoord.

Sinallness, J^fkoochekee.

Smallpox, Jbl ableh.

Smart,j/^« ; (Pain)> u£j*» sooxesTi.

Smear, v.. ^^U maleedan.

Smell, «.,_}>feoo.

Smell, v., o^y. boo Tcardan.W _ I

Smile, s., ~~3 tabassum; J^a-t-J

lubkhund.*

Smile, v., *J> p~~3tabassum kar-

dan ; yjif Ji±.t_J lubkhund Tcar-

Smite, v., &j zadan ; ^^koobee-dan.

Smith (black), fi*\ ahenger ; (gold),

jQ zargar.

Smoke, Jj^ dooci ; ^U-s dukhdn.

Smoke (chimney), v., *j~ dj-adood

Tcai'dan ; (tobacco), ^J^lfkashee-

Smooth, (_il<» saf.

Smother, v. , zf&* khufeh kardan.

Snare, -b dam; j^kamand.

Snake,jU mar.

Sneeze, v., a^f^s- 'atseh kardan.

Snipe, j^di nukderuz.

186 VOCABULARY.

khurkhur tar-Snore, v., Sjfj»j±dan.

Snout, >jyr poozeh.

Snow, s., (_*j> barf.

Snow, v., ^Jo^ ±Jj> barf bareedan.

Snuff, sJ6\ dnfieh.

Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn.

So, t^*** humcheen; £_>*** hum

choon.

Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan.

Soap, e)^^ saboon.

Sober, jL^» hoshyar.

Sociable, oaM lj bd Hifat.

Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.

Sock, ^jyt- jurdb.

Soda, vUi kalidb.

Sofa, c.Q neemkat.

Soft, (•/nurm.

Softly, «-»*! ahesteh.

Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI aloodeh kardan.

Soil, s., elU. khdk ; ^j zameen.

Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.

Solace, v., zJTL3 tasali kardan.

Sold, <^jy ferookhteh.

Solder, ~J laheem.

Soldier, jU^ sarbaz.

Sole (only), Wi" tanha.

Solely, laai fakat.

VOCABULAET.

khdhesh kar-

Solicit, v., ^ J^y*dun.

Solid, J^* munjamid.

Solve, v., $yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.

Sometime, j*j eb yek vakti.

Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; »\fs\fgah-gdh.

Somewhere, J^jd-ee.

Son, s~j pesser ; Jjjj? jarzand ; Jj

valad ; (grandson), sy neveh ; (of

Adam), -.si^/i

beni Adam; (of

a king), t&\)»^> slidh-zddeh ; (of a

nobleman), it>\) j#>\ameer-zddeh ;

(only), J^-j tf>1-il>?t voahhad ; (in-

law), .sLta ddmdd.

Song, »jl_j1avdzeh.

Soon, Jjj zood ; ^^>jy.be zoodee ; S*?

Sop, A«ii! lukineh.

Sorcerer,J^^ jddooger.

Sordid, cU» tamd\

Sore, «&j zakhm.

Sorrow, ^ gharri ; ^jjf^ dilgeeree ;

sjjil andooh.

Sorry, dl^c- ghamnak ; j£}± dil-

Sort, fjrakkam ; ^r^. jins ; jy*.

joor ; cy no'e; *~5 ktssm; a3^

gooneh.

1S8 VOCABULARY.

Sought, »juJl» talabeedeh ; lj^IL*

mutloob.

Soul, -jj rooh ; \*.jdn.

Sound, 1j-» seda; \z>y> sot.

Soup, \>jyi>shorbd ; oi^Tl dbgoosht.

Sour, J±j tursh.

Source (water), &+£-* cheshmeh ;

(origin), J->1 asl.

South, <->y+ jenoob.

Sow, v., ^f'

\sss\j)zera

at Tcardan;

ij^X kdshtan.

Space, Ui fezd ; o»-ij vusaat.

Spacious, a~-j vusee'.

Spade, J* beel.

Span, »—^j vajab.

Spangle, eU_^ jmlak.

Spark, sj\j jUl atesh pareh ; £j*

cherekeh.

Sparkle, v., ^Jy-li^,^ daraJchaheedan.

Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.

Speak, v., ^fguftan ; ^j <—i^*. harf

zadan.

Spear, sjJ nayzeh.

Special, yej^s viakksooss.

Species, ^^^ jinss ; p~5kissm.

Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.

Speck, iLiii nuHeh; A3 lekkeh.

Spectacle, liUi' tamdshd.

YOCABULAET. 189

Spectacles, <2k*c 'aynek.

Speech, a \ijzebdn.

Speed, aisP 'ajaleh ; i-jIsA shetdb.

Speedily, us&jj>be zood.ee ; l$±^> be

tundee.

Spell, v., ^^fiLl im la Icardan.

Spend, v., ±fi-»j* sarf Icardan; ^J»

*jfkharj Icardan.

Spice, &i)$\ advieh.

Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot.

Spill, v., j&j reekhtan.

Spin, v., ^j rustan ; ^U bdftan.

Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj.

Spiral, j^^i peechdar.

Spirit, £.<}jrookJi.

Spirited, o^c »_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat.

Spiritless, #*£ beejdn.

Spiritual, ^^jj rohdnee.

Spirits, j*y± johar ; (out of), iU.> ^bee-demagh.

Spit (for roasting), >--> seekh.

Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ tuf kardan.

Spite, xJfkeeneh.

Spittle, \J& tuf.

Splendid, Jia. jalleel.

Splendour, J^U jellal.

Split, v., ^Ki shekdftan.

Spoil, s., o,le gharat.

190 TOCABULAEY.

Spoil, v., ^sj ±)\j± kherdb kardan ;

^j/^jU zaye' kardan.

Sponge, ^1 dbr.

Spoon, j^W kdshook.

Sport (games), ^jjl bdzi ; (fun),

j^y^ shookhi ; (chase), J& she-

Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri.

Spot, JU. khdl ; Aim nukteh ; a^J

lekeh.

Spout, *!_jllooleli.

Sprain, v., ^J^. el^ ^rag-berag shu-

Sprain, uif^ peechesh.

Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y farsh

kardan.

Sprightly, c—^chust; elYU. chdldk.

Spring (season), jV+4 behdr ; (of

water), < «*

,^ cheshmeh.

Sprinkle, v., ^J^U ptisheedan.

Sprout, v., cjJ'-jjj rooeecZan.

Spurs, j-**->mahmeez.

Spurious, t_Ji fraZb ; J«a. ja'al.

Spy, s., (_hj^U. jdssooss.

Spy, v.,g^^^-j'-a-jassoosseeArardan.

Squadron, alL, ressaleh.

Squander, v., c $jT <*j\jj\ israf kar-

VOCABTJLAET. 191

Square, £ij*murubba' ; i^j^^e*

chehar goosheh.

Squeeze, v., *j^2J feshdrdan.

Squills, Jjfl-il askail.

Squint, s., Jjja.1ahval.

Squint, v., ^y. J[y»-1ahval budan.

Stab, v., &&) tjV Tcdrd zadan ; j*^

$j khanjar zadan.

Stable, s., A*^ taveeleh.

Stability, <jj^\ paiddree.

Stack, ^j^ Jcharman.

Staff, L~£ 'asd.

Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee.

Stage, j£* sakoo.

Stagnant, ».>1=~j1 istddeh.<*,

Stain, ixJ lakkeh.i

Staircase, A>pelleh.

Stake (wood), £. meefc7i ; (at play),

L^i.shurt.

Stale, ai^ kohneh ; (victuals), *iLA

shuhdneh.

Stalk, jL safc.

Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.

Stamina, a~j bunyeh.

Stammer, v., ^J? &Uj zebdn gvrif-

Stamp, v., ij zadan.

Stamp, s.,j*» muh'r.

Stand, v., gds-tl istadan ;

^j^b pasheedan.

Standard, JJ^> baydak.

Star, Jjlx-ilistdreh.

Starch, jl_^-IJL-j nishdsteh ; j\—»1

Starling, j L» sar.

Start (to begin journey), ^1»1 »b

rah uftadan ; (from sleep), ^-Ajp-j\

,-^r-j )dz kh'db burjustan.

Startle (for terror), v., ±f p ram

kardan.

Starve, v., da f. j^-J^az guresnegee

murdan.

VOCABULAET

(up), State (condition), cJU. hdlat ; J1_H

dhwdl ; Jl» hal ; (rank), *3j*

martubeh; (pomp), J^U- jelldl;

(in this state of affairs), o)W*ydor een hdlat ; (affairs of state),

cXUj^l dmoor i mamlakat.

Station, jC~» muskun ; J^ munzul ;

j5y murkaz ; && makdn.

Stationary, «.il=~jl istddeh.

Stationer, ^jj &K kaghaz feroosh.

Statue, **~*° mojussameh.

Stature, JJol anddm.

Statute, y\s kanoon.

Stay, v., ^JjU mancZan.

TOCABULAEY. 193

tead (instead of ), j>f- avaz ;Us bejd.

teadfast, ^ kayem.

teal, v., c;Jo-ij«iduzdxedan.

team, j&. bukhdr.

teel, ^y fooldd.

teep (downhill), y„;^- sarazeer;

(uphill), %_,-> sarabdld.

•tench, »jjj^j^ &oo-ee gandeedeh ;

ajjo badboo.

tep, ,.Jikadam j (of promotion),

a»y.> derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of

staircase), aL pelleh.

Step, v., ^JT +J3 kadam giriftan.

5tew, ^^ yakhni.

Steward, ^U nazir.

Stick, ujj*.c/ioob ; U* 'assa.

Stick, v., o^w* chaspeedan.

Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,

Stiff, o^" safcfrt , is-*- s<f*.

Stifle, v., c,j/'"i» t/ia/a kardan.

Stifling, aii. khafa.

Still, 3^» henooz ; j\>baz.

Stillness, ^1,1drdmi.

Stimulate,"!'., cr^l angeekhtan.

Sting, s., u~> wees7i.

Sting, v., cj>>j J~> *««& sadan.

Stingy, ij-^keniss.

Stink. *See Stench. o

194 VOCABTJLAET.

Stipulate, v., aAj\ji> shart kardan.

Stipulation, )*jushart.

Stir, v., ^_f^r- harakat Tcardan.

Stirrup, yJCj rehab.

Stock (of a gun), J\<MS konddk.

Stocking, u!;j» jurab.

Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),

ijtp JU mal-i-duzdee.

Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; ^> shakam.

Stone, dL- scmgr.

Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh.

Stood, s^Ii-jJ istadeh.

Stool, *i^jW charpayeh.

Stoop, v., o^ (*"khum shudan -

aM\*Stoop, s., *» fclFntm.

Stop, v., ^ala-ilistadan ;

mdndan.

Stop, s ,aWs nukteh.

Store, ,U1 dnbdr.

Stork, jld lukfoik.

Storm, ^Ujt to/So.

Story (narrative), oi^- hekdyat ;

Jai wtifcl ; (of a bouse), *&> taba-

Stove, ijj\&,bukhdri.

Stout, j J*skatoor ; (strong), \>y±>

mazboot.

Straight, o-j, rast ; (in a straight

YOCABULABY. 1D5

line), m««< !** bekhut-i-musta-

Strain. See Squeeze and Sprain.

Strange, t_-i^ ghareeb ; l-^s* ajeeb.

Stranger, »—o^ ghareeb ; m'Cj bee

gdneh.

Strangle, v., ^^T^wa. khufeh kardan;

^ji^ geloo giriftan.

Strap, s*~J tusmeh.

Stratagem, <sL» heeleh.

Straw, s^kdh.

Strawberry, ^'ij \z>y tooti frangi.

Stray, v., zf'

S'^j rah gum Icardan.

Stream,^ nahr.

Street, j^jT koocheh.

Strength, jjj zoor ; oy koovat.

Strengthen, v., *f ^ muhkamIcardan.

Stretch, v., ^^kasheedan.

Strict, j^ dakeek.

Strictly, e^l? bddik'at.

Strife, a!^U* mujddeleh.

Strike, v., *j zadan; ^J^^koobee-dan ; ^ykuftan.

String, ^U—i, reesman.

Strip (make naked), v., ^ u>J

lukht kardan.

Strive, v., O^f,j^^kooshesh kardan.

196 "VOCABULARY.

Stroke, s., ^j^ zurb.

Stroke, v., ^J^U maleedan.

Stroll, v., ^3j J^^f garddsh raftan.

Stroll, s., ^zjfgardash.

Strong, ^y kavee.

Struggle, v., ^ijTj^aj J+jadvajalid

hardan.

Stubborn, j~»sy» khudsar.

Stuff", s., A^,b parcheh.

Stuff, v., &<**& chapeedan.

Stupid, j^-1 ahmak ; &j~> safee.

Stumble, v., ^j p*r>sar-i-sum raf-

Stvle (in writing), *lii1 insha.

Subject, o~£, rtfaxjet ;aIL £ab'e.

Sublime, ^Jl*a'ah'.

Submission, c>*U»l itd'at.

Submissive, /di* mutee'.

Subsequent, Jw ha' ad.

Substance, oli z#£.

Substantive, «-.! -mn.

Substitute, v., cJ ^/'ji J-i' tabdeel kar'

Substitute, s.n^t^\^. janesheen; <j>^}avaz.

Subtract, v., ^J'l^, minha kardan.

Subvert, v., oifjjJJJ zeer ° ro° ^ar '

VOCABULARY. 197

Succour, iJ^» medad.

Such (as this), e>s*"> hamcheen; c^-

chaneen ; (as that), o^** ham-

chendn ; ^ chenan.

Sudden, sfc'li ndgdJi.

Suddenly, Uai ghijlatan.

Suffer, v., *f\y+sc taliamul kardari;

(loss), yj£jj* zarar Tcasheedan.

Suffice, v., uJ^ 4^ kafi shudan.

Sugar, &3 kund; (unrefined), J2>

sheker ; (candy), oU3 nabdt ;

(plums), JS3 nukl; (cane), J^~>

ney-i-sheker.

Suggest, v., ^b »j^1 ishdreh dadan.

Suit (of clothes), a=-».i dusteh.

Suit (agree), v., ^L f*\>bdhum

saklitan.

Suitor, j>jy

s. 'ariz.

Sulphur, tfj? googird.

Sultan, ^UiLj sultan.

Sultry, ai> Ichufeh.

Sum (of money), £* mublugh;

(arithmetic), yL* hessdb.

Summer, Wo tubistan; (crops),

iu-o sayfee.

Summit, sKkelleh.

Summon, s., .j±~& talabeedan.

198 VOCABULAEY.

Sun, vUl dftdb ; JJ^,^- kliursheed ;

(disk of), v-jUjI voj kurs-i-dftab >

(worshipper), o--^ v^l dftdb

parest; (exposed to), ^ i->l»1 dftab

roo; (beam), i_>U!y^j partd-i-dftab;

(flower), t-jksl ^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),

vial c^lt teloo' -i-dftdb ; (set), «^«^

Superb, *iic 'azeem.

Superfluous, Jolj zdyid.

Superintendent, J*\i ndzir.

Supper, |.Llsham.

Support (endure), ^U is*llt tafcai

Suppose, -u., ^jTyl^Tgemail kardan.

Suppress, v., ^jfj^ makhfi kardan.

Sure, v., (^ yakeen.

Surety, ^U zdmin.

Surface, jj roo.

Surgeon, —1^. jarrahh.

Surname, t-Jil lakkab.

Surpass, v., c^i.XTguzasMan.

Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.

Surprise, v., $y v*?*^ muta'ajib

kardan.

Surprised, v., ^f^^ ta'ajib kar-

TOCABTTLAET.199

Surrender,^,i^f^-

tasleem dddan.

Surround, v., aif'j-^ muhdssereh

kardan.

Survey, v., o*3**i paymoodan.

Surveyor, j~~> momayiz.

Suspect, v., a&ji ^Sgeman burdan;

tf&U Aji shubheh dashtan.

Suspicion, alS gemdn ; ^ shubheh.

Sustain, jA^ji bar dashtan.

Swallow, s., A^J* chelchelleh.

Swallow, v., &*/. }J froo burdan.

Swamp, cjb^> murddb.

Swear, v., ^jy- f* kassam khurdan.

Sweat, Jj* arak.

Sweep, v., o^/^3j^Jar00h kardan.

Sweet, ,j>.j^>shireen.

Swell, v., a*f?ji varam kardan.

Swift, J^j' tund.

Swim, ^fy^ sheno kardan.

Swing, (2)^1dbrak.

Switch, &) tarkeh.

Swoon, ,J& ghush.

Swoon, v., ±fj* ghush kardan.

Sword, jfM.a.shamsheer ; (rapier)

ij\j3kuddreh.

Symbol, c^>^e ilamat.

Symptom,jUi dsdr.

Synonymous, ^j** f*hum mani.

200 YOCABULABY.

Syringe, djJjl dbdozek.

System, ^yls kcinoon.

Table, j~. mee«; (cloth), >/-» sufreh,;

(to lay a), v., ^J-^- 8,.*— sufreh

cheedan.

Tablet, ts£ takhteh.

Tail, -^ dura.

Tailor, tUi. khdyydt.

Take, v., ^J^ giriftan ; *j bur.

clan; (away), ^s&lo^ barddshtan ;

(care of ), C,J^> l_-U ,

^» moiuazib shu-

dan; (the part of), ^T ^U-^t

iara/ dari kardan ; (by the hand),

^o-J dust giriftan.

Tale, a-»9 kisseh; t^-oK^. hikdyat;

^l^ta dastun.

Talent, o-lls kdbeleeyat.

Talisman, -JJ» telism.

Talk, jj v-j/a. 7mr/ zadan.

Talker, v-J^ hardf.

Tall, jJb buland.

Tallow, Jbj pee.

Tally, s., Wi.y^. choobkhut.

Tally, v., ySZ' Jj^u mukdbil shudan.

Tambourine, *j\s ddyereh.

V0CABT7LAEY. 201

Tame, adj., ^ ram.

Tame, v., ^L. p\jram sdhhtan.

Tan, v., o^f^^ dubdghee hardan.

Tank, <je>y-hoz.

Tantamount, J^U. mo'adil.

Tar, a\J*£ kaytrdn.

Tarantula, Jjj rotel.

Tart (acid), J»J tursh.

Taste, v., J~^- chesheedan.

Taste, s., *> muzzeh.

Tattler, ^^ sahhan cheen.

Taught, J«* muta'alim.

Taunt, v., o-sj<^*1> ta'aneh zadan.

Tavern, <ulit« mayTchaneh

Tawny, ^ffXfgandum goon.

Tax, oUL mdliat ; ^> baj.

Tea, ^U- c7iai.

Teach, v., ^b ak 3/^ dddan; ^y»\dmoolcMan.

Tear (a rent), dl* c7i«fc.

Tear, w., ej^^a^ra fcardan.

Tear, s., eli\ ashfc.

Tears (to shed), ^j eli! osfc*

Tease v., ^f^>i^ dziet Jcardan.

Teeth, Udljj^ denddnhd.

Telescope, ^jo doorbeen.

202 VOCABULARY.

Tell, v., ^h/gujtan; ±f^ nukl

kardan.

Temerity, j»\z~S gostakhi.

Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji» khulk ;

(good), jli \J>f- khosh kliulk ;

(bad), y- Jo bad klioo.

Temperament, o*~k tabee'at; ^>tube'

Temperate, Jj^-«-« moHadil ; ^.5U

molayem.

Temple, Ss^> musjed.

Tempt, v., aif^ ighva kardan ;

Temptation, \^\ ighva.

Tenacious,^" mussir.

Tenant,^f^— mustajir.

Tend, v., o^T J^ nww/2 kardan;

^j> JjL mayil boodan.

Tender, a., e)jl>nazwfc ; o^ n^e "

ween ; */ nurm.

Tender, s.,*-JJ& takleef.

Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat.

Tendon, ^ 'pay.

Tenour, &y*** mazmoon.

Tent,j^U chadur; (to pitch a),j^W

yj chadur zadan ; (to take down

a), jjfj*\*. chadur kandan;(yo\e),

&j* derek ; (pegs), ^ meekh.

Term, c^Ut ibdret.

YOCABTTLABY.203

Terminate, v., j^^> f^khatm

sakhtan; ^jl r^ *J be injam

awardan.

Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.

Terrible, 12) U>». holndk.

"Terrify, v., ^J^^y tursdneedan.

Territory, eiU milJfe.

Terror, of3 turss ; o^»j vahshat.

Test, ^U*^ imtihdn.

Testify, v., ^l-5 i^W^ sheliadet

Text (original), JJ dsl ; (verse), *J

<zye7i.

Than, jl «».

Thank, v., ^ta^ shukr dadan.

Thankful, u-Ui J*- fcwfc shendss.

Thankfulness, ^ii tashukur.

That, dew. pro., 1 aw (vulg., oon) ;

(that which), ^ I ancheh; (seeing

that), ejj*- cTuxm; (that is to say),

jju ya'anee; (in order that),

b' id.

Thaw, r., ^J^ <^ #° shudan.

Theatre, ajU. liUi' tamaslid khaneh.

Theft, l5^-s duzdee.

Themselves, ^>^ khudishan.

Then (- that time), taSyl dnvakt ;

204 VOCABTJLAET.

Thence (= from that place), \d\J\

dzdnjd.

There (= that place), Uil anja(vulg., oonja).

Thereabouts (= in those places),

\s*\j?\jS derail] (ilia.

Therefore, \X£ lehaza ; ^jl^la bend-heran.

Thick, vizis' kulufb ; ssS'gundeh.

Thief, *j& duzd.

Thigh, gjljran (vulg., roon).

Thimble ailsiiol angooshtdneh.

Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a

stick), dojL bdreek,- (liquid),

&fjrakeek; (lean), j&^ lugher.

Thing, jjj*cheez.

Think, «., ^.s^" J'-» fefrwzZ Tcardan ;

^sjiLi jol dwleesheh Tcardan.

Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.

Thirsty, <uio tishneh.

This, j^l een,.

Thorn, ^li.A-7ior.

Those, l#1 dnhd (vulg., oonlia).

Thou, y to.

Though, ja.J\ igerclxeli.

Thought, JLs. fc7i/i<«£ ; ^j _^fcr.

Thoughtful, JZ'ku mutafeker.

Thoughtless, JW-^i bikhidl.

Thousand, J^y* hezdr.

VOCABTJLABT.205

Thrash, t\, o^j J^ s7iaZafe zadan.

Thread (end), ^U-jj reesmarii (of

conversation), a^> rishteh.

Threat, o^" tahdeed.

Threaten, r., ^/ *.*' ta/uZeed

ka/rdan.

Three, *-» seh.

Threshold, *ils-»l dstdneh.

Throat, jJfgeloo.

Throne, is**? tuM&

Through, ,-1^- sotr-a-sar ; }1az j (to

pass), ^AJfguzasMan.

Throughout, >1 tt J^ «2avat <(*

dicker.

Throw, t\, ^IjJI dndakhtan.

Thrush, tfy toofea.

Thumb, ^jj>. v-i^l dngusht buzurk ;

o^ai ehast.

Thunder, J*, ra'ttd.

Thus, &/* chome&n,} ^ff» ham-

chuneen.

Tickle, v., dab J1*-5 dughldk dddan.

Tide (flood),J- mud; (ebb), j>>

Tidings, j-» khabar ; (glad), «•>>

rav.zhdeh.

Tie, i'., cr-^ tustan.

Tier, &^ tabakeh.

206 VOCABULARY.

Tiger, j*> babr.

Tight, eb3 tang.

Tile, JUj^, sufal.

Till, Is ta; 4^.1" £dfce7i.

Timber, i->j* choob.

Time, o$j uafci.

Timid, Ly iarsan.

Tin, ^jJo.halabi.

Tinder, -uij-. sookhteh.

Tinsel, uy fooeh.

Tip, eli noofc.

Tipsy, o—* must.

Tiptoe, i?ij~> saripanjeh.

Tire, v., gsj'iz**. khasta kardan.

Tissue, <~i^>j)zar baf.

Tithe, el* a dali yek.

Title, t-Ji! lakab.

Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghileTi

or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.

Toe, b o-^ol angusht i pa.

Together, *»l> bahum.

Toil, J^?. jahd.

Token, i£—5U ildmat.

Told, s&gufieh.

Toll, ^bsl, rdhddree.

Tomb,^J fcafrr.

Tongs, ^-il anbur.

Tongue, gly zeb<m.

VOCABULAET.2Vi

Tool, oM diet.

Tooth, tfU-Jdenddn; (-ache), a,a

\^durdidenddn; (-pick), J^kheldl.

Top,^~ sar; VU bald.

Topsy-turvy, ^3 &» hurj ° WU7>

Torch, Ja^- musha'al.

Torment, «* ^U *U»W& dddan.

Torrent, Js- sayl.

ortoise, s^i <^- sang-pusMj e!5)

o^j lak-pusht.

Torture, ^^ shekenjeh.

Toss, v., ^^andakhtan; (to toss

head or tails),^/^V)^ s?ieer

vakhut Idzi kardan.

Total, J^£»» jam'-i-kul.

Touch, «., o^J tS~i dust zadan *

Tour, J,*/gardesh ; tjy doreh.

Tow (drag), 0., ^fccw7iefidan.

Towards, »jj roo-be.

Towel, Ay holeh.

Tower, -j> b&rj-

Town,>i. shahr.

Townsman, ^ shehri ; (fellow-

townsman), ysj* f hum shahri.

Toy, tgfabdzeecheh.

Trace, o«^ ilamat.

208 VOCABULART.

Trade, o,lsi tejdrat ; M~>_jaU dad, u

sitad.

Trader, ^l? tajer.

Traitor, ^.U. khdyen.

Trample, v., C) i/'J^^ pamal hardan.

Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh;j»lj!

Transact, U., ^b^ pcrddkhtan.

Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan.

Translate, v., $sf ***J tarjumeh

hardan.

Transplant, v., oi^9 W* 3& be ?'*

Teardan.

Transport, v., c^J** haml kardan.

Transpose, v., &*f_j&k j {*<&>tafo

deem va Id kheer kardan; ^o*f\J-*l3 Pu vapeesh kardan.

Trap, As tileh.

Trappings, j]^ yerdk.

Travel, i\, j^jj^ safar raftan.

Traveller, ^sL-« musafrr.

Tray, ,J~» seenee ; <**«* mujma'a.

Tread, D., #*} U p« zadan.

Treason, oJ^i- khidnat.

Treasure, Sganj.

Treasurer, jUjjUa. khezunehddr.

Treasury, ti\j&.khezdneh.

Treaty, a-U J^c 'ahd ndmeh ; (con=

vention), .ita^ kerdr dad.

VOCABULAET. 209

Treble, JjU« a-> seh mukabil.

Tree, o*,^ darakht.

Trellis, s*J>nurdeh.

Tremble, o^-j) laTzeedan.

Trench, JJ^. khunduk.

Trial, ^W^ imtihdn ; ytjUj) azmd-

Triangle, aIjS^j- seh goosheh.

Tribe, ik^> tdyefeh.

Tribulation, ,lj1azdr.

Tribunal, a*£=* mahkemeh.

Tribute, p\> baj.

Trick, aLa. heeleh ; i^Z, sheeveh ; (to

play a trick), ,jOj ty-A>sheeveh zadan.

Trifle, s., Jj*. juz'ee.

Trifle, v., ^pTg^ harzeh guftan.

Trim, »ja^==»b pdkeezeh.

Trip, v., ^-ij Jj topuk zadan; ^ j~

^j sar i sum raftan.

Tripod, ajUa-j sehpdyeh.

Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch),

OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.

Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd' at.

Troops,J^ leshker.

Trot, s., 4+jj> yoortmeh.

Trot, v., ^j <u-y_ yoortmeh raftan.

Trouble, s., o-»*j zahmat.

210 VOCABULARY.

Trouble, v., &&\a o-*-*j zahmat

dddan.

Trousers, j\^2> shalwdr.

Trowel, aJL mdleh.

Truce, cV muhlet.

True, \z*Jjrast.

Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat ; \z&t&*

liakeekatan.

Trunk (of a tree), &3 tanah ; (bos),

^Jj- yakhddn.

Trust, s., ^laxcl itikad.

Trust, v., c^ib jlwl itikdd ddshtan.

Truth, (JJ-o sidle,

Try, v., *f~ \£*\ imtihdn kardan.

Tube, iljllooleh.

Tuck, v., &&f&ai clieen kardan.

Tuft, ax> buteh.

Tulip, aJV Z«te7i,.

Tumble, v., ^ksl uftddan.

Tumult, 4*l£ui hengdmeh.

Tune, eUftl dhang.

Turban, <ul»c emdmeh.

Turbid, ±^>\^gilalood.

Turf, cr*». chaman.

Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.

Turn, v., ^Juil-sy gerddneedan.

Turnip, **1^ sliulghum.

Turpentine, ja- _/»_>?• johar sekkez.

VOCABULARY.ZIL

dodafa'eh.

Turquoise, *)3j# firoozeh.

Turtle-dove,^ kumri.

Tweezers, J&+ munkash.

Twice, jVjjidoMr; **i*j*

Twin, JSj.5doghuli.

Twine,~s.,^" Mtmeh.

Twine, ,;., d*/ u^ P™chesh kar'

Twist, «., o^ pe«cfcflfida»;

. j^s4 b«7iuw peecheedan.

Tyrant, ^ vaUm.

Tyranny, -& zuliw.

zishtee.Ugliness, j^>j

Ugly, o^j a*«W«

Ulcer, f-jzakhm.

Ultimate,^ dkher.

Umbrella,^ chatr.

Umpire, cJl> salts.

Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.

Unawares, Uic ghijlatan.

Unbecoming, «~i^ ndsMyiiteH.

Unbounded, J^ be«fcu<l; oiW

bee nehdyat.

Uncertain, fJJ«.U iwma'aloom.

212 VOCABTJLAEY.

Uncharitable, Jj>do tangdil.

Uncivil, l_>.}1 ^ bee itdab.

Uncle (paternal), y>* 'amoo ; (mater-

nal), _}!--khilloo.

Unclean, dUl3 napdk; y-as nejess.

Uncomfortable, co.1; 14 bee ruhat.

Uncommon, ^-15 nadir.

Unconcerned, <£ j. bee-gham.

Uncurable, ^s.^ la ilaj.

Undeceive, v., _)«>;jl o3/-8 ^-^ J^ ^z

ishtibah beroon awardan.

Undeniable, -*--> ^ bee shubheh.

Under,^ij zeer.

Undermine,^., ^^fs^Ju nukb kardan.

Understand, v., &•*-•& fahmeedan ;

^jvi JU. Julli shudan.

Undertake,!;.^ JjTj-al ikdam kardan.

Undeserved, j£~*ji* gheir i musta-

Undesigned, 5_/3 JU. khial neker-

Undesirable, !j-»U wa sez#.

Undetermined, s^> nukrah.

Undisciplined, jjii g free nuzm.

Uneasiness, u-il^Sa-vlizterab.

Uneasy, c^k-u muzterib.

Unequal, j^»» l3 nd hamvdr.

Unequivocal, -^-i. _j bee shubheh.

VOCABULARY. 213

Unerring', U»»i_j bee khetd.

Unexampled, Jiu <_} missl.

Unexpected, A+3jZo jfS- gheir-i-mutara-

kabeh.

Unfailing, *»1j dayem.

Unfavourable, j*\~* \i nd musaid.

Unfeigned, JL**-hakeekee.

Unfinished, ^ U %a tamam.

Unfit, c_—iU«l3 ndmundsib.

Unfold, v., o^/jV b«2 kardan.

Unforseeu, sj&su^ glieir-i-munta-

zereh.

Unforgotten, »J^ yi^./ammoos/ine shudeh.

Unfortunate, o.3?Jo bttd bukht.

Unfruitful, J-»'^ bee hdssel.

Ungenerous, j^^l,^ doorazdoostee.

Ungentlemanly, ajM <j beeddabuneh.

Ungovernable, ,_£^-» sarkash ; y-<x^i

tundkhoo.

Ungraceful, <-Sj ^ bee tarkeeb.

Ungracious, oUJl g bee iltifdt.

Ungrateful, Jj* isUJ neniek behardm.

Unhappy, a.-...-^*. J^ dii shekesteh ;

eki' J^ cZti tangr.

Unhealthy, plL,Is nd sdlim.

Uniform, adj., /j> herd-bar.

Uniform, s.,,**-, u-U leb«ss russmi.

214 VOCABULARY.

Unimportant, c5U»! ^ hee itilu.

Uninformed,^ <j, bee khabar.

Unintelligent, Jac y bee tiki.

Unintelligible, .j#u j± gheir-i-maf-

Jioom.

Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan.

Uninterested, j>/- <_j bee gharaz.

"J <&* bedooniUninvited, «J.

va'adeh.

Union, «>U1 itilidd.

United, J^» mutahid.

Unity, L^=*J^i yekdnegee.

Universal, ^y** emoomee.

Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee.

Unjust, jp-k ndhak.

Unjustifiable, L-o beepd.

Unkind, o^* tj bee mohubut.

Unlawful, sji>^J"^. kheldji shure.

Unlike, J»l_j-^ nd movdfik.

Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud.

Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.

Unmanagable, J^> sarkash.

Unmanly, ii\*j»\i nd marddneh.

Unmarried, z>js* majurrud.

Unmeaning, (J3u <ji bee ma'anee.

Unmerciful, **, ^j bee rah'm.

Unnamed, sj^o'o _^j _»,l ^ bee ism

o rasm nandmideh.

VOCABULARY. 215

Unnatural,(j^> j^- gheir i tabee-i.

Unnecessary, *p U ndlazeem.

Unneighbourly, ^j*** <-*^ Tcheldf

hamjavaree.

Unobstructed, *JL% beta mane*.

Unoffending, ~U haleem.

Unowned, c-o-U ^ bee sahib.

Unperceived, *J-U o«Ju multqfat

ne shudeh.

Unpleasant (personage), JJ o^^»goosht tulkh.

Unpolite, v-jI ^ free adab.

Unprejudiced, <-i>J* ^jbee taraf.

Unpretending, U>Xi ^ bee takleef.

Unprincipled, oi^ ^jbee hakeekat.

Unprofitable, «JoU ^ bee fdyedeh.

Unpropitious, ^^ nahss.

Unprotected, ^^ bee Kami.

Unproved, oj^^-c gheir-i-sabit.

Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> bela-hurf ;

dLi.}lj bela-shuk.

Unreasonable, *-?j-o j-*-* gheir- i-

movajeh.

Unreceived, sjJLi J^J kabool i\e

shud eh.

Unresisted. See Unobstructed.

Unrestrained, \uA\ jlU. mutlak el

216 TOCABULAET.

Unrevenged, jJJ^j^"ki taldfi ne

shudeh.

Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen.

Unripe, »Ju-y ne-reseedeh.

Unsafe, ^1 li nd dmn.

Unsatisfactory, s^u> j-p gheir i

matboo\

Unseasonable, *3y> ^ bee mo'ke'.

Unskilled, a^- ^j bee serishteh.

Unsound, j^\ ^jbee itibdr.

Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^j bee dilgarmee.

Unspeakable, {J^=*> nugufbanee.

Unspecified, . . j—» j-^ ghair-i-

mo'ayen.

Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.

Unsubdued, j£~* j-** gheir i mo-

sakhar.

Unsuccessful,^?^U^c gheir i moasser.

Unsuitable, .u-^li U nd shayesteh.

Unsupported, Uj> bee pd ; <sL^»

{jbee komek.

Untasted, sJ^-i^. b nd chesheedeh.

Unthinking,JJ^ bee fikr ; JLsj? bee

khidl.

Untie, v., o^j^- baz kardan.

Until, b' td.

Untimely, uw»j*j bee vakt.

Untouched, isj o— .i dust ne zadeh.

VOCABULARY. 217

Untrained, -iw ^ bee ta'aleem.

Untried, 5«xl> ^ja tajrubeh ne shu-

Untrue, ja. 13 nd hale.

Unusual, »J^l£ t-J^U. kheld.fi kd'adeh.

Unwashed, ax~«£> U nd shusteh.

Unwilling, ^\j U nd rdzi.

Unwise, ^b U ii« daw.

Unworthy, Jsr**-*U na mustahak.

Upbraid, v., *f J^j j- sar zanesh

kardan.

Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan.

Upon,^ bar ; VU bald.

Upright, e~- j rust.

Uproar, Jls j J-5 fceeZ o HL

Upside-down, j>.j\j~>sar a zeer.

Urge, v., z>fj\j*\ isrdr kardan.

Urgent, jji^izaroor.

Usage, sJfiU' kd'adeh.

Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.

Used, J »»-•»« musta'mil.

Useful, >M- mufeed.

Useless, »J^'i ^ bee fayedeh.

Usual, J_y»«-ma'amool.

Usury, \>jriba.

Utensil, <-Jj& zarf; oVI dldt.

218 VOCABULABY.

Utility, sJok fdyedeh.

Utterly, LW tamdman.

Vacancy, ojk. Ichilvat.

Vacant, ^U. khdli.

Vagabond, (jitjl obdsh.

Vague, ..&- rnobhim.

Vain (in), u~-^ •ij*khud parast.

Vainly, sJoU ^ betafdyedeh; »Ji'«s ^bee fdyedeh.

Valet, i^y* (_£!/ ferrash i khelvat.

Valiant, sis1 slmjd'.

Valid, ^s->saheehh.

Valley, »;»>derreh.

Valuable, o^i kaimati.

Value (put price on), ^., c,j/"

ka'imat Jcardan.

Vanguard, ^-i. ui~-£ peesh khaymeh.

Vanish, v., ^J^> Aya* rnafkood shu-

Vanquish, v., ^J'^ fat'h Tcardan ;

£&]& c^—^3. shekest dddan.

Variable, ^\j t-J^bi.1 ikhtildf-i-rd ee.

Variety, v., ys»ljjf

goonagoon.

Vault, jlk tdk.

Vaunt, v., gdj i-iV laf zadan.

Veal, £\~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosaleh.

VOCABULAET.219

Vegetable, ,jjf*subzee.

Veil, ^>3j rooband.

Vein, <3j rag.

Vellum, >»! o-# poost-i-ahoo.

Velocity, ^J^ tundee ; ^>V sura'at.

Velvet, J-*i" makhmal.

Venerate, v., &ato p* muUirim

dashtan.

Veneration, fSf*-\ihtirdm.

Vengeance, J"^ telafi.

Venison,J& ci/ goosht-i-shikar.

Venture, «., d^jW jessdrat fear-

Venturous,j^~* jassoor.

Venus, «y»jzuhreh.

Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.

Verbose, r^J> tool-i-keldm.

Verdigris, j&j zengfar.

Verification, j^ tahkeek.

Verily, s^^ /*•' hakeekat.

Verjuice, *,jfc v^ db % ghooreh.

Vermillion, ^J^ shunjurf.

Vernal, ^W behari.

Verse,^*i>shi'ir.

Very,j^~> bisyar.

Vessel, i*> zwrf; (ship), j^Skeshti.

Viands, el^y.khorak.

Vice, ^ir" sherdrat.

220 YOCABULAEY.

Vicegerent, {:J^ U. jd nesheen.

Vicinity, ^t^J nazdeekee.

Victim, ^j> korban.

Victor, L_Jli ghdlib.

Victory, ^p faith.

Victuals, d\,y» khoorak.

View, v., ^Jo^ deedan; ^J*> nazar

kardan ; sfs& nigah kardan.

View, s.,j\oj nazar.

Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri.

Vigorous, ^5 kavee ; &+j}j zoor-

rnund.

Vile, ^4-J kabeeh.

Vilify,!'., ^^S'j.lijobadndm kardan.

Village, »^ deh.

Villager, J>]

*>* dehdtee.

Villain, jal^L*. haramzadeh.

Villainous, e)l^ ndpdk.

Vindicate, o^j^9 «^» hemdyatkardan.

Vindictive, ^^fkeenehver .

Vine, ^» mo.

Vinegar, £j~> serkeh.

Violate, &*fj<^ tejavuz kardan;

^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.

Violence, ^ zoor.

Violet, iikj benefsheh.

Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.

VOCABULAKY. 221

Virgin, tjS»\i bakereh.

Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan.

Virtue, y* honur.

Virtuous, jj^/a honurmund.

Virulence, <^«^> shiddut.

Virulent, cjj^>Ij bashiddut.

Vision, Jaj nuzur.

Visit, s., ols^L muldkat ; *>_z

deedan ; ^>j\j zidrat.

Visit, v., ^j^» cjIs^L* mulakdtkardan.

Vitriol, J\j zdj.

Vivacious, yJ>J> firz.

Vizier, j>.)^ vazeer.

Vocabulary, o*! loghat.

Vogue, -Ajj ravdj ; (in), v^ bab.

Voice, 1j-> sedd ; jljl dwdz.

Void, adj., ^JU.khdli.

Void, v., ^^T JIjU o«£^ Jcardan.

Volcano, a lii(jtj'l »jS" kooh i dtesh

feshdn.

Volley, isUi sheleek.

Volume, ^xla. jild.

Voluntary, jy? tji* klxud bekhud.

Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.

Vomit, v., &*/&> ,_/ bay kardan;

uj^T'jKas-.l istifrdgh kardan.

222 VOCABULARY.

Vouch, v., gjdlj o^l^-i. shehddatdadan.

Vow, s., jjj nuzr.

Vow, v., ^sjfjSj nuzr kardan.

Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^ bdzdri.

Vulgar, J.jt JU m«Z i awdm.

Vulture, j^i-*^ Idshkhur.

Wafer, t^~»i l*^ surchusp kha-

meeri.

Wag, ~y^ shookh.

Wager, jj^gero.

Wages, t—^-\_y° movdjib.

Wail, v., ^.^Talli ndleh kardan.

Waggish, ±yU shookh.

Waggon, J^\i barkash.

Waist, jSkam&r.Wait, v., ^i>fj~o subr kardan.

Wake, v., &*j\j~> beedar shudan.

Walk, v., ^j »^Uj piddeh raftan.

Walkingstick o-»^ y^ clwob-i-

dust; L»t 'asd.

Wall, j\y_s deevdr.

Wallflower, y t-~i shub-boo.

Walnut, j^girdao.

Wander, r., oi/^" ^^j^9 9^rdesh

kardan.

Want, v., ^^-^j* khdstan.

VOCABULARY.

Want, s., jt»ly- Tchahish.

War, eU=. jung.

Wardrobe, a^^j* doldbcheh.

Ware, y-^. jmss.

Warm, ^gwrw; (climate) , >*-

gfitrm seer.

Warm, v., ^/f^wm kardan '

Warmth, ^fgurmee.Warn, v., o«^^ kliabar dadan.

Warrant, J^-» sanad.

Wart, JjljzeZooZ ,• J«£j vig&*

Wary, tW^ ^->»^» sa/ilb ihtidt.

Was, ^ boocL

Wash, v., .-^—^ shustan.

dead), j^A »*r*Washer (of the

murdeh shoor.

Washerman, y. o», rufc7ii *fto.

Waste, v., c»/ Plr7tarim fcardan ;

c" 1 kjJB tafreet.

Waste (desert), ^Vri beeahan.

Watch, o*L- sa'at.

Watch (guard), v., c-s/^W 2>«ss-

bani kardan.

Watchman, cV-lj ptfssbatt.

Water, ±A ab ; (running), gig, **>\

ab-i-rowan; ^U ±>\ db-i-jdri ;

(salt),^ Ml «b-i-s7ioor; (warm),

^ M* ab-i-gurm; (spring of).

224 YOCABTJLAEY.

c_>1 u»*..% cheshmeh-i-db ; (closet),

JL. mdbdl ; u->1 jU-T kenar-i-ab ;

(watering pot), (_pb u*l a& pas7i ;

(barley), j-^ »U md-i-shaeer ;

(to pour out), ^^ k_>1 ftb reekh-

tan; (cresses), ^l»_j»5)U boldhooty ;

(carrier), Lfl— sakka ; (melon),

joljjt^fchindooaneh.

Wave, --^o mdj.

Wax, ^ moom.

Way, »];raTi.

Weak, j»j J kam zoor ; oy ^hoovat ; ^J>t«* zdeef.

Wealth, cJj.j dowlat.

Weapon, o^l «Z«t.

Wear, «., ^J*^ poosheedan.

Wear out, v., ^^T *£ kuhneh Car-

Weariness, (J£L~» khastagee; ^fi^^*

mandegee.

Weary, ax—*, khasta.

Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.

Weather, 1_>*hawa.

Weave, v., ja\> bdftan.

Web,jy toor.

Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh.

Weed, ijj*v-ilt 'alaf harzeh.

Week, km, hafteh.

VOCABULABY. 22.')

Weep, v., !>f*fgaryeh kardan.

Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3

vuzn kardan ; ±f oV kapdn

kardan.

Weight, )3 vuzn.

Welcome (you are), inter., ^.x>\ ,»khosh amddeed.

Welfare, yj**-^.behboodee.

Well (cistern), s., »U- chdh.

Well (in health), adj., J>y» khosh ;

(_j>3>-khoob.

Well, adv., ,jij& fcTiosfc ; eti neefc.

Well-bred, vrf* najeeb.

Well done ! ^./l dfareen.

Well-natured, ,3'* u->* fclW«A khulk,

Well-wisher, *lj»j^« khayr khdh.

West, M/«* mughreb.

Wet, adj.,j> tur.

Wet, v., o^jO *wr kardan.

What, **. c/ie7i.

Whatever, **/» harcheh.

Wheat, (.xT'^aiidooHi.

Wheel, £/*churkh.

When, J'kay.Whence, V ;1 az fctt/fl.

Whenever, *3^»«y» ha/r vukt i keh.

Where, \*fkuja ; f koo.

Whereas, gj$ choon.

226 VOCABULARY.

Wherefore, I J^3 lehazd ; &$=* a \ jl dz

dnjahat.

Wherever, U? >» hur Tcujd ; t& U. y*

7utr jd-i-keh.

Whet, v., *Jsi teez kardan.

Whether, \A dyd.

Whetstone, uL sU- sang i sab.

Whey (curds, &c), cj^ ±>\ db-oo-

doogh.

Which,- *\ST kuddm ; (that which),

as:! dncheh ; aSol a?i keh.

Whichever, -1 j5^.» hur kudam.

Whine, v., ^jJU naleedan.

Whirlpool, i->^f girddb.

Whirlwind, jW^I loolehbdd.

Whisper, s., l^si nujvd.

Whisper, v., cpS^ J^^$ too gooshguftan.

Whistle, s., o_j-» soot.

Whistle, v., ^.sj ojw soot zadan.

White, »Mw safeed.

White ant, <ul^* mooryaneh.

White-lead, *te <^\jJu, sefeedab-i-

kal'e.

Whiteness, ^jJJ>~t safeedee.

Whither, \J kujd.

Who, £kee.

Whole, -Uj tamdm; \-~s- ^ bee 'ayb.

VOCABTJLAET. 227

Wholesome^L sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'.

Wholly, UUj tamdmdn.

Whom, \j^keerd; (to), a£ bekee.

Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh.

Why, 1^ chird ; a* ^ berai die ;

i*. l#£ bejaheti die.

Wick, J~9 fateel.

Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/. sheroor.

Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat.

Wicker, o^-» sabat.

Wide, u^ 'areez ; Wj pahnd.

Widen, r., :>fj».f- 'areez hardan.

Widow, s_)jobeeveh.

Width, J\iy pahnaee; J>j- arz.

Wife, c)zun ; *+j) zdjeh.

Wild, J^-s vafishee.

Wile, dLa. heeleli.

Wilful, l5^^- Tchudra'ee.

Will, s., •>!,« murdd; (testament),

xe\> ^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh.

Will, v., er-'^ khastan.

Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens),

sly: s)y£ bekhdh nekhah; (God will-

ing), Jjk1

^. 1J* khodd bekhdhad ;

dill *l£3l insJia' allah.

Willingness, ooU, rezayat.

Willow, Ju-> beed.

228 VOCABTTLAEY.

Win, v., ±j>burdan.

Wind, s.,^U bad.

Wind, v., oJ^i peecheedan ; (a

watch), ^6jTkook kardan.

Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad.

Window, gjM panjareh.

Wine, tjl/j sherdb.

Wing, Jl> bdl; -U* jenahh.

Wink, v., tj **j> j^a.cheshm bar

hum zadan; (wink at, connive),

^ju-ijj *£» cheshm poosheedan ;

$J~^j>\+s\ ighmaz Icardan.

Winter, ^Is—j zemestdn.

Wire, *~- seem.

Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&lo

ddnesh.

Wise, J?W Tcdbil ; jy& l> b# s/ie'oor;

jo*£J|.j daneshmund ; Jac t_-*L>

Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.

Wish, s., (jtikl^i.Tchahesh.

Wish, v., Juwkj^i. Ichdheshmund.

Wit, £J-shookh.

With, l» &a.

Withdraw, «., ^^T jl? &#z giriftan ;

(retire), C^~^J »_-Sc'afca& neshestan.

Wither, v., ^J^ s^ )> pezh murdeh

shudan ; ^J^ii. khiishkeedcm.

VOCABULARY. 229

Within, j* dur;j£>\ andur.

Without, ^ bee; (outside), ^.

beyroon.

Withstand, v., *fJ^*^~>\ istddegee

Icardan.

Witness, J^^> shdhed.

Wolf, tifgurg.

Woman, OJ zun.

Wonder, s., u^ 'ajab.

Wonder, v., s-^" ta'ajub Icardan.

Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,»>»

heezoom; a*«* heemeh ; (forest),

J3ca. jungul.

Wool, f^i 'puslim.

Woollen, iJ~-i pushmee.

Word, aJT kilemeh; U lufz ; (by

word), <**£ ^kilemeh be kilemeh;

(of God), d\ ^kildm ullah; (to

keep one's) ^sib «K> Jy fcol negdh

ddshtan.

Wovk,jVkdr.

Work, «., sfJ(kdr kardan.

Workman, A*e amaleh ; &a fa-'aleh.

World, ejWM^i ^ dUm; ^dunya.

Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee.

Worm, (.jTkirm.

Wormwood, a*i~i\ afsantine.

230 VOCABULARY.

Worn, u-?^ malbooss ; *<x-£>ji poo-

sheedeh ; (worn out), J**!-* mus-

ta'mil ; LliLiI iskat.

Worship, s., o^l-^ ebadet ; \J^~>yv

perestesh.

Worship, v., &<*~~>jj peresteedan.

Worshipper (of fire), c=~^ ySJ'1 ates/i

~y,L_)parast; (of the sun),

a/iab parast.

Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh.

Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee

kaymat ; j»j» ^-?free khud.

Worthy, jljlj- sezavar ; JjV Zayifc ;

js:u~* mustahak.

Wound, s., j^jzakhm.

Wound, v., ^^T *ij zakhm kardan.

Wrap, v., ^J^ peecheedan.

Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ; -*=*? bukcheh.

Wrath, t-j—ac ghuzab.

Wreath, s^». chunbareh.

Wrestle, v., ^r\-J^kushti kardan.

Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.

Wring, v., ^^iil dfshurdan.

Wrinkle, (^ cheen.

Wrist, ^omuch.

Write, v., &&y nevishtan; *fj*

cri-i,b markoom ddshtan ; j-ij-£

0&$ tah/re&r kardan.

VOCABTJLAEY.231

Writing, ^y nevishteh; f,ruk-

kum, ; jtj* tahreer.

Wrong, s. ,-& zulm ; ^ nahakk.

Wrong, v. *f',JJ*zulm kardan.

Wrongfully, j»^i nahakk.

Wrought, <u»l-> sakhteh.

Yard, s,3 zw'e.

Yawn, s., ^W- khamyazeh.

Yawn, t'., c)aair*jW khamyazeh

kesheedan.

Year, JU s«Z.

Yearly, ajUL. salyaneh.

Year (by year), JI-? J^~» sal be sal.

Yellow, s>y}zurd.

Yes, ^ beZZi ; ^? beZZift ; gj|l«r»-

Yesterday, jjji*dierooz.

Yet, Cl am-ma; jQ laykin.

Yoke (for oxen), o«* 3110 fc*.

Yolk (of an egg), **,jzurdeh.

You, U-ii shumd.

Young, tflja. iavort.

Youth, J\j» javuni.

Zeal, c^i ghayrat;

Zealous, oj-fclj baghayrat.

232 YOCABIILAET.

naseem.Zephyr, *~~i

Zest, *j*muzzeh.

Zigzag, J*3 ^peeclx valchem.

Zinc, —jj roohh.

Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj.

Zone, sj>\i dayereh.

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