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OIE Disease List/Criteria for Listing
Barry Hill
Workshop for OIE National Focal Points for Aquatic Animals
Dubrovnik, Croatia.
16-18 November 2010
Aquatic animals
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases
A key purpose of listing a disease in the Aquatic
Code is to ensure transparency of the aquatic
animal health status world-wide, by obliging Member
Countries to report its occurrence to OIE.
The OIE collates and disseminates the information
received in reports on the status of those listed
diseases in Member Countries (WAHIS and WAHID).
Article on OIE website
“The notification of a disease may have a negative impact on the economic performance
of a country (e.g. by causing loss of export markets).”
“However, new information technologies and practices make it difficult for governments to hide occurrences of serious notifiable diseases”
“A country’s credibility must be based on timely and accurate notification of diseases, and this also gives the respective government a much better position to contain a disease, compared with the situation where it first has to defend a failure to comply with international obligations.”
“Regaining credibility in the face of public knowledge of failure to meet international rules is a costly and time-consuming exercise and can be of the highest political risk for policy makers.”
For the purpose of OIE notification
Disease means clinical or non-clinical
infection with one or more of the
aetiological agents of the diseases
referred to in the Aquatic Code.
Disease listed by OIE
How is it decided which diseases to list in
the Aquatic Code?
Aquatic Code Chapter 1.2.
Criteria for Listing Aquatic Animal Diseases
Criteria for listing an aquatic animal
disease
Article 1.2.1.
Criteria for listing an emerging aquatic
animal disease
Article 1.2.2.
A disease proposed for listing should meet all the relevant parameters set for each of the criteria;
Parameters that support a listing include:
A. Consequences
B. Spread and
C. Diagnosis
Such proposals should be accompanied by a case definition for the disease.
Criteria for listing an aquatic animal disease
1. The disease has been shown to cause significant production losses at a national or multinational
(zonal or regional) level.
OR
2. The disease has been shown to or scientific evidence indicates that it is likely to negatively affect wild aquatic animal populations that are an asset worth protecting for economic or ecological reasons.
OR
3. The agent is of public health concern
Listing Criteria
Listing Criteria
AND
4. Infectious aetiology of the disease is proven
OR
5. An infectious agent is strongly associated with
the disease, but the aetiology is not yet known
Listing Criteria
AND
6. Potential for international spread, including via
live animals, their products or fomites
AND
7. Several countries or countries with zones may be
declared free of the disease based on the
general surveillance principles outlined in
Chapter 1.1.4. of the Aquatic Manual
Listing Criteria
AND
8. A repeatable and robust means of
detection/diagnosis exists
Criteria for listing an aquatic animal
disease
Article 1.2.1.
Criteria for listing an emerging
aquatic animal disease
Article 1.2.2.
For the purposes of the Aquatic Code
An emerging disease means a newly recognised
infection resulting from the evolution or change of an
existing pathogenic agent, a known infection spreading
to a new geographical area or population, or a
previously unrecognised pathogenic agent or disease
diagnosed for the first time and which has a significant
impact on aquatic animal or public health.
A newly recognised disease or a known disease behaving differently may be proposed for listing if it meets the criteria;
Such proposals should be accompanied by a case definition for the disease.
Criteria for listing an emerging
aquatic animal disease
1. The infectious aetiology of the disease is proven
OR
2. An infectious agent is strongly associated with the disease, but the aetiology is not yet known
AND
3. The agent is of public health concern
OR
4. Significant spread in naive populations of wild or cultured aquatic animals
Listing Criteria (Emerging Disease)
Aquatic Code Chapter 1.3.
Diseases listed by the OIE
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases
(2010)
9 fish diseases
7 mollusc diseases
8 crustacean diseases
2 amphibian diseases
Diseases of fishEpizootic haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis
Spring viraemia of carp
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
Infectious salmon anaemia
Epizootic ulcerative syndrome
Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris)
Red sea bream iridoviral disease
Koi herpesvirus disease
Diseases of molluscs Infection with Bonamia ostreae
Infection with Bonamia exitiosa
Infection with Marteilia refringens
Infection with Perkinsus marinus
Infection with Perkinsus olseni
Infection with Xenohaliotis californiensis
Infection with abalone herpes-like virus
Diseases of crustaceansTaura syndrome
White spot disease
Yellowhead disease
Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis
Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci)
Infectious myonecrosis
White tail disease
Necrotising hepatopancreatitis (adopted May 2010)
Diseases of amphibians
Infection with Bactrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Infection with ranavirus
26 aquatic animals diseases listed by OIE (2010):
9 diseases of fish
7 disease of molluscs
8 diseases of crustaceans
2 diseases of amphibians
Modifications possible on annual basis
Approved at OIE General Session in May
Notification and reporting obligations for new disease listing enters into force on 1st January the following year
In summary
Role of national focal points for aquatic animal
health
Take part in the commenting process for
updating the disease list
OIE list of aquatic animal diseases
Thank you for your attention
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