View
43
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
National Policy on Health Impact Assessment, Lao PDR. 1st HIA for ASEAN Workshop “Understanding Health Impact Assessment (HIA): A Foundation for the Well-being of the ASEAN Community” 13-14 February 2012, Thailand. by Dr Tayphasavanh Fengthong Dr Soutsakhone Chanthaphone - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
National Policy on Health Impact Assessment, Lao PDR
byDr Tayphasavanh Fengthong
Dr Soutsakhone ChanthaphoneDr Bountang Duangtaphak
Mr Sisavath Kongmy
1st HIA for ASEAN Workshop“Understanding Health Impact Assessment (HIA):
A Foundation for the Well-being of the ASEAN Community”13-14 February 2012, Thailand
Contents
• Country description• Environmental health status• What we have done so far in the
context of HIA• The way forward
Country descriptionLao PDR is a land-linked country,
and shares border with China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand and Myanmar.
Total area : 236,800 km2
Population: 5.62 mill Density : 24 p/sqkm
17 provinces
Climate: Rainy and Dry seasons
Religion: Buddhism
Capital: Vientiane
Population in rural areas: 72.8%
Adult literacy rate: (F: 50%; M:74%)
Population growth rate: 2.5% per year
Life expectancy: 61 years (F: 63; M: 59)
47 ethnic groups, covering120 ethnic sub-groups and languages
11,000+ small villages and mostly with poor road access
Agriculture = 80% of jobs, mostly subsistence farming in remote areas
Country description
Economic Growth
Conservation of natural resources
Social/cultural development
Harmonious “triangular” approach to
development of Government
Lao Government Policy
4 main sectors in NationalGrowth and
Poverty EradicationStrategy (NGPES)
Agriculture and Forestry
Health
Infrastructure (Rural Road)
Education
The Sixth National Socio-Economic Development Plan (NSEDP 2006-2010) identifies health as one of the four
priority sectors for development.
Health situations
Considerable progress has been achieved over the past ten years in improving the health system in the Lao PDR which are Maternal, infant and under five infant mortality rates (MMR, IMR and U5MR, respectively) have dropped
significantly
MMR
IMR
U5MR
1995 2000 2005
656
104
170
530 405
82 70
106 98
Total fertility rate: 4.04% Crude birth rates: 29.9% (LRHS 2005)
Crude death rates: 5.4% (LRHS 2005)
Source: Census 2005
2005 (LRHS 2005)
56
68
Child and maternal malnutrition
The malnutrition rate in children under five in Lao PDR is very high compared to other countries in South
East Asia and Asia in general.
Almost two in every five children under age five in Lao PDR are moderately and severely underweight (37.9%)
Stunting: 41.2% Wasting: 7.4%
Northern part34%
Middle part33%
Southern part50%
Source: MICs3 2006
Development
Environment Health
Road construction Road construction
Mining MiningDam projectDam project
Water supplyWater supply
Industrial production
Tourism
Industrial production
Tourism
Irrigation, Fisheries Livestock
Irrigation, Fisheries Livestock
Source: Lao PDR Development Report 2010, Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development
Source: Lao PDR Development Report 2010, Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development
Implementation progress on HIA
Developed HIA policy and approved by Prime Minister on March 2006
Established HIA Team and focal point
Developed a Practical Guideline for HIA
Appraised IEE or EIA of many
development projects
Shared experiences and learning with other countries about HIA
Implementation progress on HIA
Increased HIA capacity for MoH staffs and different sectors
Good HIA model of Namtheun2
Harmonization of HIA with the existing
EIA
Field monitoring with others
sectors
Carried out case studies:-Health impacts of traditional artisanal mining activities-Health impacts of indoor air pollution-Health Vulnerable Assessment of climate change
Degree of Prime Minister, No: 54/MP, 23/03/2006 on the Declaration of use and Implementation of National
Policy on HIA
97 IEE and EIA reports
41 dam projects
31 mining projects
3 agricultural projects
9 road projects
1 sustainable Tourism
Development project
1 Bank Erosion Protection projects
4 industry projects
7 power line
extension
Ministry of Health
Department of Hygiene and Prevention
Environmental & Occupational Health and Safety Division
Health Impact Assessment Unit
Technical back up team withinMinistry of Health
Focal points in other ministries
Organization Structure on HIA
Constraints
Awareness of HIA still limited
Lack capacity to do HIA of many development projects
Limited HIA funding support
Life expectancy (y): 61 CDR/1000: 9.8 MMR/100 000: 405 IMR/1000: 56 U5MR/1000: 68 Stunting (%): 40.7 Wasting (%): 6.4 Underweight (%): 37.1
Life expectancy (y): 72 CDR/1000: 5.3 MMR/100 000: 200 IMR/1000: 32 U5MR/1000: 40 Stunting (%): 28 Wasting (%): 2 Underweight (%): 15
2005 2020Commu Dis
Non Comm Dis
Injury/acc
Malnutrition
Mental dis
Environment Social Economy
Poverty
HIA
Policy/Program/project
Screening
Scoping
Assessment
Reporting/ DisseminationM/E
IndividualInstitutional
The Way Forward
• Short term:– Review the community health impacts from the existing
development projects in terms of public health action plan including M/E
– Strengthening HIA capacity for HIA Team and provincial staffs– Conduct HIA advocacy meeting with high levels from different
ministries– Sharing knowledge and experiences on HIA with other
countries– Considering HIA of small projects (SME, Land fill sites etc,.)
• Long term: – Develop a HIA long term action plan to get funding support
We need a cross-sectoral responsibility for health
Human health is not only the responsibility
of the health sector !
Conclusion
Recommended