MS4 Stormwater and Good Housekeeping Training...MS4 Stormwater and Good Housekeeping Training...

MS4 Stormwater and

Good Housekeeping

TrainingPennsylvania Environmental Council

Presenters:

Susan Myerov, AICP – Program Director - Watersheds

Paul Racette – Programs Manager-Watersheds

Spring 2018

The Council (PEC) protects and restores the natural and built environments

through innovation, collaboration, education and advocacy.

PEC believes in the value of partnerships with the private sector, government, communities and individuals to improve the quality of life for all Pennsylvanians.

PEC PROGRAMS AREAS

• Trails and Greenways

• Energy and Climate

• Water Resources

Agenda

• Stormwater Runoff

Pollutants

• Good Housekeeping

Practices

• Stormwater Facility

Operation & Maintenance

• Attendee Survey

FEDERAL CLEAN WATER ACT

Goal: Clean Rivers & Streams

“Fishable”

“Swimmable”

“Drinkable”

By controlling…

1. Industrial Discharges

2. Agricultural Runoff

3. Mine Drainage

4. Urban Runoff

1.1 million

drink water

from

Schuylkill

River

Urban Runoff Pollution

A major source of

water pollution

in our

Nation’s waterways

today

Activities contributing to “urban”

stormwater runoff pollution:

» Road Maintenance

» Vehicle Fleet Management

» Fueling & Vehicle Repair

» Loading, Transfer & Storage

» Waste Management

» Painting & Coating

» Cleaning & Degreasing

» Facility, Park, Landscape Maintenance

Oil & Grease

Sediment

Nutrients

Trash

Toxics

Chlorides

Common Stormwater Pollutants

1 quart of oil contaminates

250,000 gallonsof water

OIL AND GREASE

SEDIMENT POLLUTION

Eroding banks

Excess Phosphorus& Nitrogen

cause algae blooms that

consume oxygen in streams.

NUTRIENT POLLUTION

Street Litter ends up in

our waterways

TRASH, DEBRIS & LITTER

Of 830 pounds of litter removed from a 1/4 mile of

the Schuylkill River during a cleanup event last year,

4,670 plastic bottles were collected.

ORGANIC CHEMICALS

ChemicalsSolvents & DegreasersAnti-Freeze & CoolantHydraulic FluidLubricants & GreasePaints & Coatings

Pesticides & HerbicidesDetergents & Degreasers

Easily transported by

groundwater

Not easily removed

once dissolved

Degrades drinking water

quality and taste

Toxic in freshwater

streams

Saline water is more

corrosive to vehicles &

infrastructure

ROAD SALT - CHLORIDES

CONNECT TO

COMMUNITY

CONCERN

WHERE WILL POLLUTANTS GO IF NOT

CONTROLLED AT THE SOURCE ?

Rain and snowmelt carry diffuse pollutants into a

Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4)

that discharges into creeks and rivers

✓ FACILITY INVENTORY

✓ FACILITY OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

PLAN

✓ EMPLOYEE TRAINING

To reduce urban runoff pollution, MS4s

must comply with DEP MS4 Permit.

Required Control Measures:

Facility Inventory

• Streets, roads, highways, and parking lots

• Maintenance and storage yards

• Waste transfer stations

• Parks

• Fleet or maintenance shops

• Wastewater treatment plants,

• Stormwater conveyances (open and closed)

• Riparian buffers

• Stormwater storage or treatment units (e.g. basins, constructed

wetlands, etc.).

Facility Inventory: Activities

• Inlet/outlet cleaning

• Lawn/grounds care

• Storm system maintenance, inspection, and repair

• Park and open space maintenance

• Municipal building maintenance

• New construction and land disturbances

• Right of way maintenance

• Vehicle maintenance, operation, fueling, and washing

• Material transfer operations, including leaf/yard debris

• Pickup and disposal procedures

Minimum Control Measure 6

Employ

Pollution Prevention (P2)

Good Housekeeping

Best Management Practices

(BMPs) to control stormwater runoff

pollution

PUBLIC WORKS

GOOD

HOUSEKEEPING BMPS

Vehicle Fueling

Vehicle Maintenance

Vehicle Washing

Winter Road

Management

Vehicle Fueling

Monitor fueling activity

Don’t top it off

Cleanup spills immediately

Prevent fuels from entering storm drains

Prevent exposure to rain

Don’t hose down fueling areas

Cleanup using dry cleaning

methods

Routinely wipe down spigots &

ports

Refueling off site?

employ P2 Measures

keep spill cleanup supplies on hand

away from inlets and

waterways

Re-Fueling

Rules of Thumb

Fuel Tanks• On concrete pad

• Elevated off the

ground

• Overfill prevention

system

• Secondary

containment

VEHICLE FUELING

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE BMPS

Damaged Vehicles:Steer clear of storm Inlets

Park indoors or under

cover

Collect leaking fluids

Empty drip pans as

needed

Report damage & leaks

VEHICLE MAINTENANCEAnti-freeze, Coolant,

Brake Cleaner, Degreasers, Solvents,

Batteries,

Used Filters & Rags…Material Storage and

Handling:Prevent exposure to rain &

runoff

Away from storm inlets

Know the procedures:– Indoors or under cover

– On concrete surface

– Secondary containment

– Safe & stable storage

– Dispose properly

Refer to Material Safety Data

Sheets

Vehicle Maintenance

Fluid Transfer:Know procedures Use supplies to simplify tasksUse designated stationsSecondary containmentCleanup spilled productDry wipe ports & containers

WHAT ARE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS?Any item or agent with the potential to cause

harm to humans, animals, or the environment

biological

chemical

radiological

physical

Laws govern manufacture, distribution

and use, disposal, cleanup and

remediation

Federal Laws– Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA) – Department of Transportation (DOT) – Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Label Containers!

SPILL RESPONSE & CLEANUP

1. Be Prepared.

Proper Response and Cleanup Procedures

Storm Drain Inlet Locations

2. Protect Inlets Immediately

3. Locate Spill Cleanup Supplies

4. Apply Absorbent

5. Cleanup and Dispose of Spent Absorbent

6. Reapply absorbent as needed

If Hazardous Waste,

must dispose as

such.

If don’t know, consult

MSDS

ABSORBENTS

Different absorbent products may absorb specific product or chemical.

Granular Products

Absorbent pads & mats

Drum covers & pillows

Replenish Supplies !

VEHICLE WASHINGRoutine dry wipe down

Don’t hose off vehicles into

storm drains unless inlets have

treatment structures

Use designated wash station

that filters wash-water

Avoid excessive detergent

Hydra-clean

West Goshen Township

VEHICLE WASHING - TREATMENT

DEVICES

Water Quality Inserts:

Trap Grit & Dirt

Particles

Capture Oil &

Petroleum

Vehicle Washing - Recycle Wash

System

Indoor Vehicle Wash

Station wastewater is

captured, filtered,

cleaned and reused

East

Bradford

Township

Preferable Cleaners = Easier on the Environment :

“Phosphate-free”

Aqueous = water-based

Citrus-based cleaners are preferable

• non-toxic

• no chlorinated ingredients

• biodegradable

Note: must contain “Citrus Oil” to avoid rust

Biodegradable = bacteria naturally breaks down

constituents in a reasonable timeframe

The Deal with Detergents…

Big Job - “Black Roads” without degrading streams and drinking water quality. Public Safety First!

Winter Roads

In U.S, 20 million tons NaCl on roads

every winter. ~13 times more salt than used

by food processing industry.

Science of The Total Environment, February

2018, Stetsa, et. al.

29% of sites exceeded USEPA Chloride concentration criteria by an average of more than 100 individual days per year during 2006–2011.

Science of The Total Environment, March 2015Corsi, et. al.

Avoid overfilling

Make sure spreaders are working properly

Adjust “load-throw” as you go, based on real-

time conditions

Only last truck in Plow Train dispenses salt

Avoid stream crossings

Go back and sweep up

Obtain upper management direction

Road Salting

Salt the Earth… Wisely

Be Aware of Sensitive

Areas:

• Well Head Protection

• Drinking Water Recharge

• Reservoirs

• Wetlands & Streams

Reduce application rates

when possible - Safety

First!

Road Salting

Minimize Impacts to Water Supplies:

Salt Brine Pre-treatment

• improves effectiveness of salt

(30% less salt)

• reduces scatter

• lowers freezing point

Beet Juice + Salt Pre-

treatment

• Proven effectiveness in region

• Bio-Degradable

• Less corrosive

Ice-Fighting Tools:

Winter Roads

Winter of 2014, East

Bradford had “No Call

Backs”

West Goshen DPW

“a world of difference”

Haverford Township cut

salt use by ~ 1/3

Cover and contain

stockpiles

Outside floodplain

Away from stormwater

inlets

Keep material dry

Sweep during & after

operations

Winter Roads

Salt Storage &

Handling BMPs:

Other Municipal

Activities

—

Pollution Prevention

Good Housekeeping

BMPs

1) Facility & Road Management

Sweep regularly using dry

methods

Broom

Vacuum Equipment

Avoid hosing down &

power washing to prevent

pollutants from inlets

Regularly check and

cleanup areas prone to

litter / debris accumulation

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

“Rainbow Sheen”

2) Waste Handling & Disposal Locate dumpsters away from inlets

Select well-designed receptacles

Functioning lid and leak proof

Label receptacle for contents

Contain all wastes (heavy duty bags)

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

Follow proper procedures - read signs

Inform contractors of proper procedures

Routinely inspect and clean ports and transfer

locations

Report and respond to problems

3) Loading and Unloading

What do You Think?

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

4) Stockpile &

Staging

Outside floodplains

Away from inlets & drainage paths

Cover, Contain and Elevate to

prevent contact with rainwater

Sweep up

Set yourself up for success

– Plan ahead, assess options,

keep supplies on-hand (tarps,

etc.)

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

What do You Think?

What do

You Think?

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

A.

B.

Contain and collect sanding

dust and stripping debris

Drop Cloths

Block inlets

Clean brushes, applicators,

and supplies into containers,

sinks, or drains tied to sanitary

sewer

Proper disposal

5) PaintingNon-Hazardous

water-based paints,

Dispose

- to sanitary sewer or

- absorbed & solid waste

Hazardous Oil-Based -

read label and follow

disposal requirements

A. B.

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

6) Composting

Manage runoff from compost sites and operations

Route runoff and leachate into treatment structure

(basin)

Contain and properly dispose of non-compostable

debris

Manage compost piles to prevent it from becoming

anaerobicControl

Nutrient

Pollution

7) Earth Disturbance &

Construction

Properly install Erosion &

Sediment (E&S) Controls

Inspect E&S regularly

Inspect before/after major

storms

Clean-out & Maintain E&S

devices

Ensure work site is stabilized

before E&S removal

Attend E&S Training / Consult

Conservation District

”GOOD” , ”BAD” or ”UGLY”

Pollution Prevention Pays:

Preventing spills and leaks avoids cleanup &

remediation costs

Lowers liability

Reduces employee risk —> safer work conditions

Reduces Insurance Claims

Avoids fines

CLEAN STREETS, CLEAN STREAMS

Set An

Example…

10 Minute Break

Stormwater Facility

Operation and

Maintenance

The MS4 Permit requires an O&M Plan for

municipal stormwater facilities

Stormwater Facility Operation

and Maintenance

Goal : Optimize System Performance

Prevent Pollutant discharge to creeks

Reduce Storm Volume discharging to creeks

Increase Stormwater Infiltration into the ground

✓ MUNICIPAL STAFF

✓ TRAINED INSPECTOR OR ENGINEER

✓ CONTRACTOR WITH SPECIAL TRAINING

Who conducts stormwater BMP

inspections?

Make observations to verify design and

performance, identify clean-out and

maintenance needs

Record observations:

» Drainage

» Signs of erosion or scour

» Excessive debris or sediment

» Vegetation

» Structural components free of damage

& functioning, being undermined

» Identify need for specialists/engineer

What do Inspections

involve?

Inspection

Report

Take

photos

Get the

Plan

Inspection:

Erosion

or Scour?

Is runoff entering

the basin via a

sidewall?

Is basin

bottom

exposed

dirt or

bare

earth?

Is the basin a source of

sediment pollution?

Is basin bottom

too wet for turf

grass?

Inspection:

Erosion

or Scour?

Is earth around outlet

control structure

undermined, caving in or

slumping?

INSPECTION:

IS LITTER REMOVAL

NEEDED?

Sumped

Inlets trap

debris

Solids impact capacity &

function

Trash clogs

grates, inlets

& pipes

INSPECTION:

IS DEBRIS CLEAN-

OUT NEEDED?

Fine Sediment

Organic debris

Stump

grindings

leftover

after

tree

removal

Inspection:

Vegetation?

Invasive

species/weeds

prevalent?

Woody trees growing inside the basin?

Is outlet visible or

overgrown?

Inspection: Condition of Structures

Grates or Inlets

damaged or

missing?

Inspection: Condition of Structures

Is dome riser

secure?

Re-grade &

stabilize?

Riser

Damaged?

How often should

Inspections occur?

• Consult maintenance plan

• Once a year is minimum

• After major storms (2“ or more)

• More frequently, as warranted

» New installation

» Site conditions

» Drainage area & land uses

» Prevalent litter or debris

Before After

Maintenance - Drain Clean-out

Vacuum

Removal and

Jet Vac

Maintenance - Vegetation

Enlist

VolunteersReplace,

Replant &

Revive Vegetation

Innovate and adapt

Groundwater Recharge

Base Flow

Evaporation

Flash Flooding

Pollutant Removal

When repair is needed,

Consider redesign and retrofit to

improve…

Most

Improved

BIORETENTION BASINS = RAIN

GARDENS

Upper Providence Township

Deep-rooted plants…

Soak up more stormwater

Increase percolation into the ground

Filter and trap more pollutants

Taller shoots have deeper roots

Retrofit for

water

quality

treatment

Pocopson Township Public

Works Yard

Pocopson Township

Slower flow of

water means…

• Silt settles out

(with attached

oil)

• Nutrients taken

up by plants

BIORETENTION BASINS HELP CLEAN SITE

RUNOFF POLLUTANTS

Repair and Retrofit

Underperforming Detention Basins

Remove low flow

channel, regrade and

re-vegetate to spread

out the flow.

Eliminate short-circuiting of runoff

entering basin to optimize

performance.

Underperforming Detention Basins

Naturalized Extended Detention Basins store more

stormwater and reduce flashy streams

Before

After - Yr. 1

Disperse stormwater

across entire basin area

Reduce stormwater

volume discharge

Increase evaporation

and evapotranspiration

NATURALIZED

DETENTION BASINS

REDUCE STORM

VOLUMES…

Upper Dublin Township

Upper Dublin Township

Vegetation

management

is more

intensive

during initial plant

establishment

Naturalized Extended Detention

BasinAfter - Year 3

Mowing vs

Managing

plants

The “mowed

edge”

Upper Dublin Township

= MORE = MORE

money

gas

erosion

pollution

runoff

pesticidesinfiltration

habitat

enjoyment

bioremediation

. Convert mowed turf to landscapes of less mowing and

more diversity to improve water quality

Turf Grass Meadows

watering

82

Meadow Creation Types

83

Stormwater Retrofits - Bioswales

Bioswales A shallow recessed

channel that receives

drainage and

designed to filter and

infiltrate stormwater

Swarthmore

Borough

Upper Gwynedd Township

Kennett Township

Bioswales are Versatile

Signage to

educate

residents and

inform

community

about what

you’re doing

to keep

streams clean

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

GUIDANCE FOR GSI

THANK YOU

Questions?

For More Information:

pracette@pecpa.org

smyerov@pecpa.org

jamiea98@yahoo.com

http://pecpa.org/program/waterresourcebrochures/

SURVEY - Please complete and hand-in

Handouts…

Basin Retrofit Brochure

Clean Water Partners Handbook

Meadows Brochure