Moonshine Transport Vehicle MOONSHINE -White lightnin’ Ingredients: CornSugarYeastWater

Moonshine Transport Vehicle

MOONSHINE-White lightnin’

Ingredients:

Corn Sugar Yeast Water

Moonshine still

Moonshine still with knockout

box

Moonshine Still with Worm Coils

Moonshine bucket

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Oxygenated Hydrogen

Distillation

Ethanol – The way Oscar made it

• Distillation uses heat to sort and process hydrocarbon molecules into “Fractions”, based on their boiling points.

• “Fractions” are complex mixtures of chemical compounds that all have a similar boiling point.

Methane Molecule

Methane and Ethane Molecules

Ethane and Ethanol Molecules

H-C-C-OH

H H

H H

EthanolC2H5OH

Typical Crude Unit

Propane Molecule

Propane and Normal Butane Molecules

Pentane Molecule

H-C-C-C-C-C-H

H H H H H

H H H H H

C5H12 Pentane

Refinery “Slang”

• C1 = Methane

• C2 = Ethane

• C3 = Propane

• C4 = Butane

• C5 = Pentane

• Etc.

Typical Crude Unit

• Asphalt is produced from the bottom of the distillation tower, hence the nickname “bottom of the barrel”.

Base Asphalt

• HEAT

• CUTTER STOCK

• WATER EMULSION

Asphalt Products

• “Performance Grades” (PG)

• “Cutbacks”

• Emulsions

Performance Graded Asphalt

• PG58-28 “Neat” Asphalt

• PG64-22 “Neat” Asphalt

“Cutbacks”

• Rapid Cure

• Medium Cure

• Slow Cure

“Rapid Cure” Cutbacks

• RC800

• RC3000

“Medium Cure” Cutbacks• MC30

• MC70

• MC250

• MC800

• MC3000

Emulsions

• Anionic (Negative charge)

• Cationic (Positive charge)

SS-1

• Tack Coats

• Slurry Seals

• Fog Seals

CRS-2

• Chip Seals

• Cement Treated Base

Modified CRS-2

• CRS-2LM

• CRS-2P

P.M.A.

• “Polymer Modified Asphalt”

P.M.A.• PG58-34

• PG64-34

• PG64-28

• PG70-28

PG58-28

• 58 + 28 = 86

PG64-28

• 64 + 28 = 92

• “Neat” Asphalt is unmodified, and is used in the same form as when it came off of the distillation tower.

Typical Neat Asphalt grades include:

1. PG58-28 (Produced in Montana)

2. PG64-22 (Produced in Montana)

Examples of Modified Asphalt Mills

Polymers = Horses and Elephants?Huh???

Polymer Modified Asphalt

Asphalt + Polymer

Less Cold Weather Cracking

Stiffer at High Temperatures

Polymers =

$ $ $ $ $

Example of an Emulsion Mill

• Asphalt Emulsions can be made in several ways, with the goal being consistent dispersion of the molecules

Applying Emulsion

Pay Attention

to what you’re doing!

An Example of what can happen.

Hunting with a friend?

Safety Film now

OIL TANK SWITCHING CHART FOR STATE AND FEDERALLY FUNDED PROJECTS

SWITCHING TO:SWITCHINGFROM:

PG 58-28PG 58-34(Polymer Modified)

PG 64-22PG 64-28(Polymer Modified)

PG 64-34(Polymer Modified)

PG 70-28(Polymer Modified)

PG 58-28 OKDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIX

PG 58-34(Polymer Modified)

OK OKDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIX

PG 64-22DO NOT

MIXDO NOT

MIXOK

DO NOT MIX

DO NOT MIX

DO NOT MIX

PG 64-28(Polymer Modified)

OKDO NOT

MIXOK OK

DO NOT MIX

DO NOT MIX

PG 64-34(Polymer Modified)

OK OK OK OK OKDO NOT

MIX

PG 70-28(Polymer Modified)

OKDO NOT

MIXOK OK

DO NOT MIX

OK

To avoid penalties when switching from one asphalt grade to another, please empty your tanks and return the asphalt to its supplier. If the remaining asphalt was purchased from Montana Refining Co., please

deliver it to M.R.C. for a full credit to your account. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at the phone number listed below.

Montana Refining Company1900 Tenth St. N.E.

Great Falls, MT 594041-406-761-4100

P.M.A.• PG58-34

• PG64-34

• PG64-28

• PG70-28

Neat Asphalt• PG58-28

• PG64-22

• Questions?

END

• Examples of finished hydrocarbon molecules

PETROLEUM REFINERIES:

WHAT ARE THEY DOING IN THERE?

• Petroleum refineries come in all shapes and sizes.• Their job is to safely and efficiently process various crude oils into useful

products for consumers, while operating in an environmentally safe manner.

• Refineries employ people with advanced training in several different professions, ranging from Operations, to Chemical Engineering, to Marketing.

• WHAT IS CRUDE OIL AND WHERE DOES IT COME FROM?

• Crude Oil is a complex amalgamation of chains of hydrocarbon molecules

• Crude oil is produced in many different countries and oceans all around the globe

• Crude Oil can be produced in several different ways.

Land based liquid crude oil wells

Ocean based liquid crude production

Land based mining techniques for production of solid crudes, such as Bitumen and Oil Shale

• Solid Crudes require additional processing for ease of Transport & Refining

• How do you turn crude oil into something useful?

• A petroleum refinery’s job is to break crude oil hydrocarbon molecule chains down into slightly different groupings of molecules.

• There are several different ways to process molecules in order to sort or change them.

Distillation using heat

Chemical Reactions Changes in Pressure

Differences in molecular weight

• How is a refinery set up to do all this? The processing concept is relatively simple.

• “The Five Pillars of Refining”

1. Distillation

2. Catalytic Cracking

3. Catalytic Reforming

4. Alkylation

5. Hydroprocessing

“Heavy” fractions such as asphalt have a higher boiling point.

“Light” fractions such as gasoline or propane have a lower boiling point.

• What does a Catalytic Cracker do?• It breaks long molecules into smaller molecules in the

presence of high heat levels and a catalyst.

• What does a Catalytic Reformer do, and how does it work?

• It re-arranges the molecular structure of the hydrocarbon molecules using catalysts (typically platinum) in the presence of heat.

• What does an Alkylation Unit do?• An “alky” unit operates at lower temperatures

and pressures, using an acid catalyst to re-arrange or recombine the hydrocarbons.

• What is Hydroprocessing?• There are 2 types:• 1.Hydrotreating, which is the addition of hydrogen

molecules without breaking the molecule into smaller pieces.

• 2. Hydrocracking, which is the high pressure cracking of long chain molecules into shorter chain molecules

• Flow Chart for Pascagoula, Chevron’s Refinery in Mississippi.

• Capacity- 350,000 Barrels per day

• So how is Asphalt made?

• Asphalt is comprised of the highest boiling point material, and has the heaviest molecular weight hydrocarbon chains.

• Trinidad Lake “Neat” Asphalt gathering process in 2002.

Asphalt Emulsion and Modified Asphalt can be produced by

passing the asphalt and modifiers through a shear mill.

• A simple asphalt emulsion mill setup.

• They even make portable emulsion mills that you can put in an airplane.

• Emulsions are built to “break”, sooner or later.

• Stages in breaking of a Cationic Emulsion

• Now that we’ve made the emulsion, what do we do with it? How do we get the pearls on the pig?

• Today’s asphalt distributors

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

CRS-2P, CRS-2LM

• Today’s highway needs often demand modified paving grades.

Hot Asphalt for Hot Mix

• “Modified” Asphalt is made by adding polymers, and is usually run through some type of shear mill.

Examples of Modified Asphalt grades include:

1. PG64-34(Produced in Montana)

2. PG70-28(Produced in Montana)

3. PG64-28(Produced in Montana)

4. PBA6a(mod) (California)

5. GGB3 (California)

6. PG76-22CC (Clark County, Nevada)

7. PG76-22TR (Arizona)

8. CRA Type 1 (Arizona)

• Modified Asphalt shear mills are set up in much the same way that emulsion mills are, but without the addition of water.

• One type of SBS Mill setup

Mill Tank

Sales or

FOR LOAD OUT

• Pictures of stationary and portable Modified Asphalt production units.

OIL TANK SWITCHING CHART FOR STATE AND FEDERALLY FUNDED PROJECTS

SWITCHING TO:SWITCHINGFROM:

PG 58-28PG 58-34

(Polymer Modified)PG 64-22

PG 64-28(Polymer Modified)

PG 64-34(Polymer Modified)

PG 70-28(Polymer Modified)

PG 58-28 OK DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX

PG 58-34(Polymer Modified)

OK OK DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX

PG 64-22 DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX OK DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX

PG 64-28(Polymer Modified)

OK DO NOT MIX OK OK DO NOT MIX DO NOT MIX

PG 64-34(Polymer Modified)

OK OK OK OK OK DO NOT MIX

PG 70-28(Polymer Modified)

OK DO NOT MIX OK OK DO NOT MIX OK

To avoid penalties when switching from one asphalt grade to another, please empty your tanks and return the asphalt to its supplier. If the remaining asphalt was purchased from Montana Refining Co., please deliver it to M.R.C. for a full credit to your account. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact

us at the phone number listed below.

Montana Refining Company1900 Tenth St. N.E.

Great Falls, MT 594041-406-761-4100

• Questions?• Thank you for your time.