View
2
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Molecular ecology of Fonsecaea sibling species isolated from endemic areas of
chromoblastomycosis inBrazil
• Vania Vicente• Javad Najafzadeh• Jiufeng Sun• Sybren de Hoog
Chromoblastomycosis
• Chronic, progressive cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection
• Muriform cells
• Common agents:Fonsecaea pedrosoi,F. monophora, F.nubica,Cladophialophora carrionii
Current hypothesis: traumatic inoculation
Plant-inhabiting fungus Human host
Queiroz –Telles et al., 2009
trauma by plant
spine
Fernández-Zeppenfeldt et al. (1994)
Sclerotic bodies in human skin Sclerotic bodies from cactus
muriform cellsin cactus spines
Cadophialophora carrionii Cladophialophora yegresii
TEF1ABT2ITS
de Hoog et al. – Stud. Mycol. 58, 2007
C. carrionii
C. yegresii
Cladophialophora in plant and human
humancactus debrisliving cactus
Frequencies plant / human of sibling species
3C. yegresii:
C. carrionii:
0
Human host
32
Cactus
0Debris
2
Fonsecaea pedrosoi: a similar plant origin
• Isolation from thorns of plant: Mimosa pudica
• Supposed to be Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Salgado et al. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S.P , 46: 2004
Isolation - Flotation method (Vicente et al. 2008,Studies in Mycology 61: 137–144)
• Samples: 210→ replications 50
→ 400 isolates of black fungi
• Morphology screening for clinically relevant species:Fonsecaea-like, Exophiala spp., Cladophialophora spp.– 100 isolates morphologically looking like clinical species– 38 isolates were Fonsecaea-like
Pairwise (OG:100%,UG:0%) (FAST:2,10) Gapcost:0%ITS
10095908580757065605550454035
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
«
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Exophiala sp. n. 3 (turtle)
Exophiala sp. n. 3 (Seadrago
Exophiala pisciphila
Exophiala pisciphila (potbelly
Exophiala superficiale (sp. n
Exophiala superficiale (cf. sa
Exophiala superficiale (sp. n
Exophiala superficiale (twig
Exophiala cf. salmonis
Exophiala equina (drinking w
Exophiala equina (stool)
Exophiala equina (water DE)
Exophiala equina (drinking w
Exophiala equina (dialyse)
Exophiala salmonis
Exophiala salmonis (drinking
Exophiala cancerae-Ex- Exo
Exophiala cancerae (sp. n. 1
Exophiala cancerae. n. 1 (toa
Exophiala cancerae- Crab
Exophiala cancerae. n. 1 (Cl
Exophiala cancerae. n. 1 (wa
Exophiala canceraea
Exophiala sp (E.cancerae)
Exophiala canceraea
Exophiala psychrophila (Salm
Exophiala opportunistica. n. 4
Exophiala opportunistica sp.
Veronea like
Veronaea botryosa (Eucalyp
Veronaea botryosa
Veronea botryosa
Veronea botryosa
Veronea botryosa
Veronea botryosa
Veronaea botryosa (human)
Veronea like
Veronea like
Exophiala brunnea (litter Aca
Exophiala dermatitidis
E. dermatitidis
Exophiala dermatitidis
C.carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora carrionii
Phialophora like
Phialophora like
Phialophora
Ramichloridium_sp Cladoph
Ramichloridium sp. (wood) C
Cladophialophora boppii
Cladophialophora boppii (sc
cladophialophora boppii
Cladophialophora chaetospi
Cladophialophora chaetospi
Cladophialophora chaetospi
Cladophialophora carpetanu
Cladophialophora carpetanu
Cladophialophora carpetanu
Exophiala bergeri
Exophiala sp
Exophiala bergeri
Exophiala alcalophila (soil)
Exophiala alcalophila (ver %
Cladophialophora sp. "gasst
Cladophialophora sp. 1
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora??
Cladophialophora ??
Cladophialophora sp (enviro
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora devrisei
Cladophialophora cf. devries
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora cf. devries
Cladophoalophora
Cladophialophora
Cladophoalophora
Cladophialophora species
Cladophialophora species
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora saturnica
Cladophialophora elegans
Cladophialophora elegans (a
Cladophialophora saturnica (
Cladophialophora arxii (trach
Cladophialophora arxii (brain
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Fonsecaea / Clado
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi (chrom
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecae pedrosoi
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea monophora (chro
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecae monophora
Fonsecae monophora
Cladophialophora bantiana (m
Cladophialophora bantiana (m
Cladophialophora bantiana (p
Cladophialophora bantiana
Cladophialophora bantiana
Cladophialophora emmonsii
Cladophialophora emmonsii
Cladophialophora emmonsii
Cladophialophora emmonsii
Exophiala sp
Exophiala sp
Exophiala dermatitidis
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala spinifera
Exophiala oligospoerma
Exophiala sp
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora
Exophiala dermatitidis
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Phialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp1
Fonsecaea
Exophiala
VeronaeaExophialaCladophialophora
Exophiala
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora
PhialophoraCladophialophora
Exophiala
Cladophialophora
38 isolatesFonsecaea-like
ITS – Tree: UPGMA
100 isolates
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Fonsecaea multimorphosa ,Ramichoridium sp. Rhin. sp. 1 (trunk)
Fonsecaea multimorphosa (wood Grevillea)
Fonsecaea multimorphosa, Ramichloridium_sp Rhin. sp. 1
Fonsecaea multimorphosa
Fonsecaea multimorphosa. (palm wood) Ram sp 1
Fonsecaea multimorphosa (wood Podocarpus lambertii) Rhin sp 1
Cladophialophora sp. "gasstation" 1
Cladophialophora sp. 1
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora ( new Fons)
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora species
Cladophialophora immunda ( Hamid, UK)
Cladophialophora immunda
Cladophialophora immunda sp. 1 (cutaneous Padhye)
Cladophialophora immunda
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp (environmental)
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora devriesii (disseminated)
Cladophoalophora
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii (Crab)
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii (Crab)
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii (Crab)
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii (Crab)
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophialophora sp.
Cladophialophora cf. devriesii
Cladophialophora sp
Cladophoalophora
Fonsecaea minima
Fonsecaea minima
Fonsecaea minima
F. minima
F. minima
Fonsecaea minima
Fonsecaea minima
F.erecta
Fonsecaea erecta
Fonsecaea erecta
Fonsecaea erecta
Fonsecaea erecta
F. pedrosoi
Cladophialophora saturnica (human skin)
Cladophialophora saturnica (dead tree)
Cladophialophora saturnica (litter)
Cladophialophora saturnica (vegetable cover/soil)
Cladophialophora saturnica (dead tree)
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea nubica
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Fonsecaea pedrosoi(chromo, Falcon State)
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea monophora (soil, Brazil)
Fonsecaea monophora
F. monophora
Fonsecaea monophora
Cladophialophora arxii
Cladophialophora arxii (trachea)
Cladophialophora arxii (brain, Miami)
Cladophialophora arxii (hamid)
Cladophialophora minourae
Cladophialophora minourae
Cladophialophora minourae (oil p. soil)
Cladophialophora minourae (oil p. soil)
Cladophialophora emmonsii (brain)
Cladophialophora emmonsii (subcutaneous cat)
Cladophialophora emmonsii (subcutaneous)
Cladophialophora emmonsii
Cladophialophora bantiana (New)
Cladophialophora bantiana (skin graft)
Cladophialophora bantiana (brain)
Cladophialophora bantiana (brain)
Cladophialophora bantiana (cutaneous cat)
Cladophialophora bantiana (liver dog)
Cladophialophora bantiana
Cladophialophora potulentorum
Cladophialophora potulentorum
Cladophialophora potulentorum
Cladophialophora australiensis
Capronia pilosella
Capronia pilosella / spin
Capronia pulcherrima Vitis
capronia moravica
capronia pulcherrima
Capronia acutiseta
Capronia acutiseta Dactydium
Cladophialophora mycetomatis
Cladophialophora mycetomatis
ITS
999999999988888888
Fonsecaea-like species 1
Fonsecaea-like species 2
Fonsecaea-like species 3
Fonsecaea monophora
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
ITS – Tree: UPGMA
Fonsecaea spp.
Multilocus Analysis: ITS, ACT, CDC 42, BT2
CBS119719 Cladophialophora bantianaCBS678 79 Cladophialophora bantianaCBS102586 Cladophialophora bantianaCBS100429 Cladophialophora bantianaCBS444 96 Cladophialophora bantiana
CBS648 96 Cladophialophora bantianaCBS117890 Cladophialophora bantiana
CBS640 96 Cladophialophora emmonsiidH13029 Cladophialophora emmonsii
CBS979 96 Cladophialophora emmonsiiCBS102594 Cladophialophora emmonsii
dH20517 Cladophialophora immunda CBS109797 Cladophialophora immundaCBS834 96 Cladophialophora immundaCBS110551 Cladophialophora immundaCBS123977 Cladophialophora immunda
dH11601 Cladophialophora immundaCBS102237 Cladophialophora immunda
CBS102249 Cladophialophora immundadH21185dh21188dh21172dH21178dH11588dH20537dH20501dH20464dH20474CBS102227
dH20478dH21011 Cladophialophora devriesiidH21170 Cladophialophora devriesii
CBS147 84 Cladophialophora devriesiidH21196 Cladophialophora brasiliensis
dH20490 Cladophialophora brasiliensisdH20497 Cladophialophora brasiliensis
dH20498 Cladophialophora brasiliensisdH21198 Cladophialophora brasiliensis
dH21169 Cladophialophora brasiliensisdH20519 Cladophialophora brasiliensis
dH20541 Cladophialophora brasiliensisdH20475 Cladophialophora brasiliensis
CBS119710 Cladophialophora brasiliensisCBS120532 Cladophialophora brasiliensisCBS120418 Cladophialophora brasiliensisCBS119718 Cladophialophora brasiliensisCBS120419 Cladophialophora brasiliensisCBS118724 Cladophialophora saturnicaCBS109628 Cladophialophora saturnica
CBS102228 Cladophialophora saturnicaCBS102230 Cladophialophora saturnica
CBS109630 Cladophialophora saturnicadH20492 Fonsecaea erecta
dH20513 Fonsecaea erectadH20457 Fonsecaea erectadH20502 Fonsecaea erecta
dH21010 Fonsecaea minimadH20511 Fonsecaea minimadH20485 Fonsecaea minimadH20463 Fonsecaea minimadh21195 Fonsecaea minima
CBS102224 Fonsecaea multimorphosaCBS102240 Fonsecaea multimorphosa
CBS102235 Fonsecaea multimorphosaCBS102226 Fonsecaea multimorphosa
CBS102253 Fonsecaea multimorphosadH20510 Fonsecaea multimorphosa
CBS556 83 Cladophialophora minouraeCBS987 96 Cladophialophora minouraedH18466 Cladophialophora minouraedH18460 Cladophialophora minourae
CBS409 96 Cladophialophora arxiiCBS102461 Cladophialophora arxiiCBS306 94 Cladophialophora arxii
FM52022 Cladophialophora arxiiCBS444 62 Fonsecaea nubicaCBS269 64 Fonsecaea nubica
CBS125191 Fonsecaea nubicaCBS102238 Fonsecaea monophoraCBS102229 Fonsecaea monophoraCBS269 37 Fonsecaea monophoraCBS102225 Fonsecaea monophora
dH20512 Fonsecaea monophoraCBS121721 Fonsecaea monophoradH20500 Fonsecaea pedrosoidH13279 Fonsecaea pedrosoidH20488 Fonsecaea pedrosoi
CBS271 37 Fonsecaea pedrosoiCBS671 66 Fonsecaea pedrosoiCBS253 49 Fonsecaea pedrosoiCBS102245 Fonsecaea pedrosoi
0.01
100
100
92
99
96
Fonsecaea erecta (sp. 1)Fonsecaea minima (sp. 2)
Fonsecaea species (sp. 3)
Fonsecaea monophoraFonsecaea pedrosoi
Tree: RaxML version 7.0.4
96
100
100
92
Frequencies plant / human of sibling species
F. monophora:
F. pedrosoi:
Human host
12
10
DebrisPlant0
0
2
1
Conclusions
• Relative frequency host / environment is a useful parameter to predict virulence of the fungus
• Sibling species can be very different in ecology
• Living plant-associated species are different from their human-pathogenic siblings
Recommended