METHODS. Physical Methods Steam Profile Discharge Air Temperature Water Temperature Relative...

METHODS

Physical Methods

• Steam Profile• Discharge• Air Temperature• Water Temperature• Relative Humidity

Chemical Methods

• Dissolved Oxygen• pH• Conductivity• Nitrate-Nitrogen• Phosphate

Image Source: Colemanpalmer.com

Bacterial Methods

• E. coli

USDA Tree Risk Assessment

• Defect Codes

• Probability of Failure

• Risk Rating

Watershed Assessment

Tree Coverage

• NAIP Imagery

• Digitized

• QA/QC

Photo Source: news.uga.edu

Results

• Location 2A/2B counted TNTC on 5/22 and 5/29

• Location 4A also counted TNTC on 5/29

A B B A B A B A B B B A B B A B A B A B A B A A B B A B A B A B A B1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 5 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8

Long Island Creek pH Levels 2014

Sample Dates & Sites

pH

May 20th, 2014 | May 27th, 2014 | June 3rd, 2014

A B A B A B P A B A B A B A B A B A B P A B B A B A B A B A B P A B A B A B1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6

6

6.2

6.4

6.6

6.8

7

7.2

7.4

Marsh Creek pH Levels 2014

Sample Dates & Sites

pH

May 22th, 2014 | May 29th, 2014 | June 5th, 2014

Long Island Creek Phosphate

Sample Sites Average (mg/L)

1A 0

1B 0

2A 0

2B 0.03

3A 0

3B 0

4A 0

4B 0

5A 0.08

5B 0

6A 0

6B 0

Marsh Creek Phosphate Sample Sites Average (mg/L)

1A 0

1B 0

2A 0.25

2B 1.21

3A 0

3B 0

4A 0

4B 0

5A 0

5B 0

6A 0

6B 0.33

Tree Canopy Coverage • Trees have higher albedo than urban landscape• Prevent ‘heat island’ effect• Evaluate rate of urban expansion

• Long Island Creek Coverage: 60.311%

• Marsh Creek Coverage: 48.97%

• Average Coverage: 55.28%

Long Island CreekConclusion

• E. Coli• Levels coliform have increased since 2012. • Most locations had consistent coliform levels that

exceeded state standard of 1000 (cfu/100ml)

Long Island CreekConclusion• Dissolved Oxygen• Dissolved Oxygen levels were consistently above the state

minimum of 4 mg/L• Overall dissolved oxygen levels were up from Previous years

except for site 1b• There water temperature is not the only factor that influences

dissolved oxygen

Long Island CreekConclusion• pH• pH was consistently within the state standard range of 6.8 – 8.5 • In 2014 Long Island Creek continued the trend from 2013 of

becoming less acidic • Headwaters were more acidic

Long Island CreekConclusion• Nitrates• Nitrates levels were below the state standards of 10mg/L• Nitrates are reasonably lower than the 2013 results• Drastic decrease in nitrate levels at site 2B

Long Island CreekConclusion• Phosphates• Phosphates levels were all below the state standard• Phosphate levels were too low to be cause for concern over

the past three years.

Marsh Creek Conclusion

• E. coli

• E. coli levels were high enough to require serious concern• Overall coliform levels are less than 2013 but still much

higher than 2012 and also exceed the state standard of 1000 cfu/100ml

Marsh Creek Conclusion• Dissolved Oxygen

• Dissolved Oxygen levels were consistently above the state minimum of 4 mg/L

• Overall Dissolved oxygen has increased with the exception of site 4a

• Factors other than temperature are affected dissolved oxygen levels

Marsh CreekConclusion• pH• pH was consistently within the state standard range of 6.8 –

8.5 • Marsh Creek continued to become less acidic 2014.

Marsh CreekConclusion• Nitrate-Nitrogen

• Nitrates levels were below the state standards of 10mg/L

• Most of the test results showed a positive change from 2013

• High test results were shown for site 6a and 6b as well as site 1a on one test date

Marsh Creek Conclusion

• Phosphates• 3 separate sites were above the the state standard of

0.1mg/L• Phosphate have levels have been to low to be cause for

concern between 2012 and 2014

Stream Bank Restoration• Avondale Estates, Decatur • 1st order tributary of Cobbs Creek • Under the supervision of Jack White, and Harold Harbert of GA

Dept. of Natural Resources

Issues & Concerns• Water channel created due to

storm water run-off pipe located at the headwaters of the tributary. • Extreme undercutting, leaving

what was once relatively healthy trees with exposed roots.

Goals & Methods

• Goal: to slow the movement of water within the channel while diverting the direction of flow• Logs were placed in a zig-zag formation within the

water channel.• Coconut netting staked in place near eroded hillsides

to slow down water flowing into the scour pit

Stream Restoration

ResultsStream Restoration:

Results

A

B

A

B

Marsh Creek Outliers

Highest E.coli : 4B, 5A & 5B, 6A & 6B Out of Range Dissolved Oxygen: 4A

Phosphates: 2A & 2B, 6B

A

B

B

B

A

Long Island Creek Outliers

Highest E.coli : 3B & 5A Out of Range Dissolved Oxygen: 1B

Phosphates: 2B, 5A

Condition of WatershedsConclusion• E.Coli levels are above the state standard and are

increasing annually • Nitrogen Levels are declining• Dissolved oxygen levels are increasing• The overall condition of the watershed is mixed

Questions

APPENDIX• Trends for the years 2012-2014 to follow

B B B A B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B A A A B A B B B B B A B B B B11223344445566112233445566224455663311223344556622334455661133112233445566112334455661123344556651123344556

5.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8Long Island Creek 3 Year Comparison pH

Sample Years and Sites

pH

2012 2013 2014||

A B A B A B P A B A B A B A B A B A B P A B B A B A B A B A B P A B A B A B1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6

6

6.2

6.4

6.6

6.8

7

7.2

7.4

Marsh Creek 3 Year Comparison pH

Sample Years & Sites

pH

2012 2013 2014| |