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LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
LIS 506 Information Technology
Week 11: Digital Libraries &Institutional Repositories
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Overview Digital libraries – what is & what is
not a Digital Library? Digital Objects and Repositories
Logical Layers of Digital Libraries
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
What Is a Library? A building or suite of rooms A collection of books or materials An institution An information system
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Purposes, Functions, and Goals of Libraries collection development and
management subject analysis index creation provision of access reference work preservation
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Libraries Mean different things to
different people. Computer scientists Library professionals Scholars General users
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Definition 1: A Digital Library is:
A service An architecture A set of information resources A set of tools and capabilities to
locate, retrieve, and utilize the information resources available.
(Fox, 1993).
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Definition 2 A digital library is a collection of
information which is both digitized and organized.
“Practical Digital Libraries” – Lesk (1997).
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Definition 3: Digital Libraries are extension and
enhancement of information storage and retrieval systems that manipulate digital data in any medium and exist in distributed networks. Digital libraries are a set of electronic
resources and associated technical capabilities for creating, searching and using information. (Borgman, 1996).
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Definition 3 Digital Libraries are an extension,
enhancement and integration of a variety of institutions such as libraries, museums, schools, etc. Digital Libraries are constructed, collected
and organized by (and for) a community of users, and their functional capabilities support the information needs and uses of that community.
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Definition 4: Digital libraries are organizations that
provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collections of digital works so that they are readily and economically available for use by a defined community or set of communities".
Digital Library Federation. (1999).
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Characteristics of DLs Full-text digital content Revised and enhanced library processes
and services collection development and management subject analysis index creation provision of access reference work preservation
Often beyond a single traditional library
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Are these Digital Libraries? DIALOG Web Amazon.com
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
A single, completely world-wide digital system? One thing digital libraries will not be is
a single, completely digital system that provides instant access to all information, for all sectors of society, from anywhere in the world. This is simply unrealistic.
Cleveland, Gary. (1998) Emergence of a worldwide digital
library in the form of a loosely coupled federation of DLs?
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
DL-Related Issues Will the building disappear? Will the book go digital? Will the book still be the building
block? How should information be organized
in DLs? Who are DL professionals?
What skills are needed for running a digital library?
“Will librarians, publishers, and computer centers go the way of switch board operators and chauffeurs?”
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Logical Layers of DL Digital objects Digital repositories Collections Digital libraries Information space
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Objects A fundamental unit of digital
libraries Must be digital or digital representation Includes metadata
A collection of packages consisting of a group of elements Definable Describable
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Objects A document is a digital object.
Is a figure in a document a digital object? If yes, does it need a separate metadata? If not, how do you search for the figure?
In database design, we differentiate entities and weak entities.
Should we call the figure weak object?
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Repositories A repository must have its own
“collection of digital objects.” Provide the mechanisms for the
deposit, storage and access to digital objects Is a collection of links a repository? When can a repository claim having a
collection?
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Collections A collection is logically defined
as a set of criteria for selecting resources from the broader information space.
A collection must be accessible through its various
indexing services have tools for indexing,
management, and resource discovery.
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Digital Libraries Three levels of services
Digital Libraries Digital Collections Digital Repositories
How do we differentiate them?
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Repositories Provide the mechanisms for the
deposit, storage and access to digital objects
Collections Provide the mechanisms for the
aggregation of access Include various indexing services
Digital Libraries Include user interface and user
services
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Search Features of DL Basic features
Boolean logic Full text searching Phrase searching Proximity searching Field searching
Query refinement Relevance ranking Browse of indexes Controlled vocabulary Related items
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Browsing features of DL Browsing primary sources Following reference links Browsing nearby items? Browsing conceptual space
Thesaurus Classification Visual concept space
LIS 506 (Fall 2006)
Institutional Repository What did Lynch say and what do you
think about What it is
Functions Information included
Why important How to succeed
Factors How to go about these aspects
How is it related to DLs?
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