Lifts & Escalators

L I F T S CATEGORY - RESIDENTIAL LIFTS

1BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

HISTORY

• The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC.

• In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals.

• It is supposed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.

• In 1853, American inventor Elisha Otis demonstrated a freight elevator equipped with a safety device to prevent falling in case a supporting cable should break

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LIFT / ELEVATOR

• An elevator is a type of vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel or other structures.

• Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables or counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack.

• The need for vertical transport is as old as civilization.• Over the centuries, mankind has employed ingenious forms of lifting. The earliest lifts used man, animal and water power to raise the load.

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TYPES OF LIFTS

• TRACTION PASSENGER ELEVATORS • HYDRAULIC PASSENGER ELEVATORS • CAPSULE ELEVATORS • HOSPITAL/ STRETCHER ELEVATORS • CAR/ AUTOMOBILE ELEVATORS • DUMB WAITER/ SERVICE ELEVATORS • FREIGHT ELEVATORS

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RESIDENTIAL LIFTS

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RESIDENTIAL

TRACTION ELEVATORS

MOST COMMONLY USED

HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS

USED UPTO 13 MTS.

TRACTION ELEVATOR

• A modern day elevator consists of a cab (also called a "cage" or "car") mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a shaft or sometimes a "hoist way".

• In a "traction" elevator, cars are pulled up by means of rolling steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a sheave in the industry.

• The weight of the car is balanced by a counterweight.• Sometimes elevators lifts always move synchronously in opposite

directions, and they are each other's counterweight.• The friction between the ropes and the pulley furnishes the

traction which gives this type of lift its name. 6

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GEARLESS ELECTRIC TRACTION

GEARED ELECTRIC ELEVATORS

MACHINE ROOM LESS (M.R.L)

TRACTION SYSTEM

• The traction elevator system is the most popular grace to its flexibility.

• The traction machine is of two types: geared and gearless.• The geared machine is composed of 2 parts: the gear box and the

electric motor.• The machinery location may be at the overhead or basement of

hoist way.• The evolution in the lift technology in the 90's allow the building

owner to install his elevator without machine room, called MRL (Machine Room Less).

• For high speed elevator in high-rise building, only traction system can achieve the task. 8

SIZES

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No.Pers.

LoadCapacity

Car Sizea x b(mm)

EntranceW

(mm)

HoistwayX x Y(mm)

PitP

(mm)

OverheadOH

(mm)

Machine RoomA x B x MH

(mm)

6 450 KG 1400x850 8001800x1450 1550 4550

2400 33002050

1800x1500 1850 4750 2250

8 550 KG 1400x1030 8001800x1650 1550 4550 2400 3300 20501800x1700 1850 4750 3000 3500 2250

9 600 KG 1400x1100 8001800x1700 1550 4550 2400 3400 2050

1850x17501850 4750

3000 3600 22502150 4950

10 700 KG 1400x1250 8001800x1850 1550 4550 2400 3600 2050

1850x19001850 4750

3000 3600 22502150 4950

11 750 KG 1400x1350 8001800x1950 1550 4550 2400 3700 2050

1850x20001850 4750

3000 3700 22502150 4950

12 800 KG 1400x1400 8001800x2000 1550 4550 2400 3800 2050

1850x20501850 4750

3200 3800 22502150 4950

13 900 KG 1600x1350 9002050x2000 1550 4550 2600 3900 2050

2100x21001850 4750

3200 3900 22502150 4950

15 1000KG 1600x1500 9002050x2150 1550 4550 2600 4100 2050

2100x22501850 4750

3400 4100 22502150 4950

17 1150KG 1800x1500 10002300x2250 1550 4550 3500 4100 2050

2350x23001850 4750

3500 4100 22502150 4950

20 1350KG 1800x1700 10002300x2450 1550 4550 3500 4300 2050

2350x25001850 4750

3500 4300 22502150 4950

24 1600KG 2000x1750 1000

2500x2500 1550 4550 3600 4300 2050

2550x25501850 4750

3600 4300 2250

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TRACTION SYSTEM

Section through cage/ car

Section through shaft / hoist way

TRACTION SYSTEM

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Plan of machine room View of traction system

GEARLESS SYSTEM

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GEARED SYSTEM

14TYPICAL TRACTION ELEVATOR HOISTWAY

15TRACTION LIFT CAR

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MACHINE ROOM LESS (M.R.L)

Machine-room-less elevators include machinery and equipment into the hoistway or closets, doing away the need for a separate machine room. Designed for buildings between two and 30 stories, this system employs a smaller sheave than conventional geared and gearless elevators. The reduced sheave size, together with a redesigned machine, allows the machine to be mounted within the hoistway itself—eliminating the need for a bulky machine room on the roof. The machine–room-less elevator is the result of technological advancements that often allow a significant reduction in the size of the electric motors used with traction equipment. These newly designed permanent magnet motors (PMM) allow the manufacturers to locate the machines in the hoistway overhead, thus eliminating the need for a machine room over the hoistway.

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THE TRADITIONAL ROPES WRAPS STEEL CORDS AROUND A FLEXIBLE CORE

THE NEW FLAT BELT WRAPS A FLEXIBLE POLYRUTHANE COATING AROUND STEEL CORDS

WHICH ALLOWS A SMALLER SHEAVE CORE DIAMETER

MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR A MORE COMPACT ELEVATORE SYSTEM WITHOUT A MACHINE ROOM

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BENEFITS OF M.R.L

1. Gearless permanent magnet machine2. 1 m/s to 1.6m/s speed range3. 10 to 16 passenger load range (680 - 1088kg)4. Smooth ride (first class roller shoe suspension)5. Cabin finishes to choice6. Versatile landing and car door configurations7. Fast installation methods and time saving.8. No machine room, No ventilation problems, No vision windows etc.9. Earthquake friendly with jigged guiding10. Shallow pits etc11. Small control cabinet on upper level12. Time and Money-Saving Benefits-Long life cycle, Low running cost, Easy

installation and service Cost-efficient elevator application13. Totally integrated system for greater reliability

HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS• Hydraulic elevators are elevators which

are powered by a piston that travels inside a cylinder. An electric motor pumps oil into the cylinder to move the piston. The piston smoothly lifts the elevator cab. Electrical valves control the release of the oil for a gentle descent.

• Hydraulic elevators are used extensively in buildings up to five or six stories high. These elevators, which can operate at speeds up to 46 meters (150 ft) per minute, do not use the large overhead hoisting machinery the way geared and gearless traction systems do.

• There are three types of hydraulic elevator; holed hydraulic, hole less hydraulic and roped hydraulic.

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TYPES OF HYDRAULIC LIFTS• Holed hydraulic

With holed hydraulic systems, the elevator car is mounted on a piston that travels inside a cylinder. The cylinder extends into the ground to a depth equal to the height the elevator will rise. As hydraulic fluid is pumped into the cylinder through a valve, the car rises. As the fluid returns to the reservoir, the car descends.

• Hole-less hydraulicHole-less hydraulic consists of pistons mounted inside the hoist way to raise and lower the car. This is especially a solution for buildings built in bedrock, a high water table or unstable soil conditions locations that can make digging the hole required for a conventional hydraulic elevator impractical. Hole-less hydraulic systems use a direct-acting piston to raise the car.

• Roped hydraulicRoped hydraulic elevator extends the rise of the hole-less elevator to 18 meters (60 ft), without the need for a belowground cylinder. Roped hydraulic elevator systems have the piston attached to a sheave which has a rope passing through it. One end is attached to the car while the other is secured at the bottom of the hoist way. Also, roped hydraulic systems require governor because the rope is holding the car up, not the piston. 21

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CASE STUDY

BUILDING NAME : E W - 08SOCIETY NAME : EVERSHINE WOODSLOCALITY NAME : KANAKIAAREA NAME : MIRA ROAD (EAST)

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TWO LIFTS PROVIDED OF 6 PERSON CAPACITY (480 KG)

INTERIOR OF THE LIFT PROVIDED

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VASTU FOR LIFTS

Constructing lift or elevator in a building is a trend as well as necessity now days, as with the coming up of apartments and multi-storey homes lift is important to incorporate. Vastu provide some significant rules regarding the construction, location and placement of lift in a building. Vastu recommends proposing lift North or East and

exact North-east corner must be avoided. Lift should not come directly in the front of main door

or entrance door. South and West direction is also fine for placing lift while

avoid South-west corner must be avoided. Avoid mirror in the lift

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STAIR LIFTS

For people who think that incorporating residential elevators in their homes requires a lot of financial investment, stair lifts is an affordable and appropriate option for them.

Stair lifts are convenient for people who are suffering from arthritis or Alzheimer's disease. They are equipment which are meant for carrying a person up and down the staircases.

Such sets include a metal track which can directly be attached to the staircase, and a car on which the individual sits, that goes up and down the stairs.

In some cases, a 'perch' is used, which is a small platform on which the person stands.

Stair lifts can only be best used on a straight stairway. In the case of a curved stairway, residential elevators are the best

alternative. They can be incorporated much sooner than curved stairway lifts.

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If they are installed, they would surely add value to your home, which will in turn appreciate the price of your house, if you decide to sell it in future.

A curved stairway lift won't have much resale value as it would only be used on an identical staircase.

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NEW TRENDS

ENVIRONMENTAL "GREEN" ELEVATORS

An environment-friendly residential elevator from DAY can help you save space, time and money.

The Volant and Destiny Gearless elevators feature the latest in gearless motor technology that can reduce energy consumption.

These green residential elevators come with a range of environment-friendly features that can save home-owners up to 30% or more on their energy costs. Gearless drive system does not require a machine room Low overhead clearance and pit requirements save

space Quiet, whisper-soft operation with smooth start and

stop Minimal equipment to set up Energy-efficient halogen lighting

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No gearing eliminates the need for lubricants that hydraulic elevators require to ensure smooth operation and also avoids oil leaks that can pollute the environment

These home elevators can also be made to seamlessly blend with your interior as they come with a variety of options for handrail and car gate finish besides stylish choices for car interiors such as melamine, wood veneer, raised panel hardwood or inset wood panels.

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MANUFACTURES

TOP 10 MANUFACTURES :

• ORACLE

• OTIS

• HYUNDAI

• SCHINDLER

• OMEGA

• HALLMARK

• MITSUBISHI

• KONE

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CLEVER IDEAS

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CLEVER IDEAS

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THANK YOU