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Land Management Practices to Improve Water Quality
or Where the rubber meets the road!
Nancy Turyk Water Resource Scientist
Reduce Runoff/Increase Infiltration
Compaction of soil, pavement, buildings, other hard surfaces
increase runoff and decrease infiltration to groundwater.
More water to the lake over the short term.
Can increase pollution in runoff.
Decreases groundwater storage (feeds lake during periods of low/no precipitation).
Minimize hard surfaces
Remove unneeded hard surfaces (extra parking spots)
Direct runoff from hard surfaces away from the lake
Rain gardens, retention basins
Rain barrels
Reduce runoff and increase infiltration
Meander pathway to the lake
Swales
Biofilters
Bass Lake Watershed
Surface Watershed: 1,039 acres
Groundwater Shed: 384 acres
Estimated Phosphorus Budget from the Watershed
Mud Lake Watershed
Surface Watershed: 1,902 acres
Groundwater Shed: 339 acres
Estimated Phosphorus Budget from the Watershed
Norrie Lake Watershed
Surface Watershed: 1,270acres
Groundwater Shed: 463 acres
Estimated Phosphorus Budget from the Watershed
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Forest Residential Agriculture
lbs.
P/s
q. m
i./y
r.
Phosphorus Loading from Land Uses
Panuska and Lillie, 1995
Land management matters!
Manure Management
Fertilizer Budgets
Erosion Control
Runoff Management
Crop Rotation
Cover Crops
Rotational Grazing Plans and Fencing
Water Sources to keep livestock out of lakes/streams
Wetland Restoration
Shoreland Management
Agricultural Best Management Practices
Animal Waste/Nutrient Management
Construction
Management
Closure
Agricultural Performance Standards
Pastured shorelines Feedlot runoff
Soil erosion
Fertilizers
Don’t use fertilizer!
Use native vegetation that doesn’t require additional fertilizer.
If you feel you might need to fertilize, test the soil first!
Controllable sources of phosphorus:
Norrie Lake Shoreland
Shoreland vegetation helps by providing habitat and may improve water quality
Restore and protect shoreland vegetation
Should extend at least 35 feet from the lake
Land Use Tools
Land Use Tools
Protect property from flooding damage
Healthy shoreland vegetation helps to reduce sediment entering surface water
Maintain & improve wetland functions
Floodplain, Shoreland, & Wetland Zoning
Overlay Zoning Creates a special zoning district,
placed over an existing base
zone(s), which identifies special
provisions in addition to those in
the underlying base zone.
Lake Management purposes:
Preserve critical habitat areas
Protect aesthetics of riparian
environment
Land Use Tools
“Conservation” Design A type of development in which the
underlying zoning and subdivision
ordinances are modified to allow
houses to be grouped together on
part of the site while permanently
protecting the remainder of the site
from development.
“Open Space Option”
Land Use Tools
“Standard” Design
Land Use Tools
“Conservation”
Design Provides areas for recreational
use or trails
Stormwater management
Groundwater recharge
Protect Woodlands,
Steep Slopes
Water corridors
Critical Habitats
Land Use Tools
Purchase of Development Rights (PDR)
Incentive based
Voluntary program
Intent: permanently protects productive, sensitive, or aesthetic landscapes
Land owner retains private ownership and management.
Conservation Easement Incentive-based
Voluntary legal agreement
Restricts development, management or use of the land in the property in order to protect a resource.
Common easement holders include NCCT, NECT and NRCS
Land Purchase
Land Use Tools
Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program Funds to preserve valuable natural areas and wildlife
habitat, protect water quality and fisheries, and expand opportunities for outdoor recreation
Easement or purchase
Wisconsin Dept. Natural Resources Lake Protection Grant Program Funds to preserve valuable natural areas and wildlife
habitat adjacent to a lake. Easement or purchase
Funds improvement of land management practices.
Funding Assistance
More information on the table!
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