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Inyoung Hur, PhD: University of Minnesota Marla Reicks, PhD, RD: University of Minnesota. Relationship between whole grain intake, chronic disease risk indicators, and weight status among adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
Inyoung Hur, PhD: University of Minnesota
Marla Reicks, PhD, RD: University of Minnesota
Relationship between whole grain intake, chronic disease risk indicators, and weight status among adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
1999-2004
Serum Vitamin C (mg/dl) by Salad Intake
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Overview
• Whole grain intake is associated with health benefits among adults, but limited studies have assessed these relationships among adolescents
• NHANES data were used in this study to examine relationships between whole grain intake and– Dietary intake– Weight status– Chronic disease risk indicators– Biochemical indices
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
Serum Vitamin C (mg/dl) by Salad Intake
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Total grain intake (oz eq)
P <0.05, For girls only
p-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
Serum Vitamin C (mg/dl) by Salad Intake
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Total energy intake (g)
P <0.05, for boys and girlsp-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Dietary fiber intake (g)
P <0.05, for boys and girlsp-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Total folate intake (μg)
P <0.05, for girls and boysp-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Fasting insulin level (μU/mL)
P <0.05 for boys and girls, bars with different letters are significantly different
p-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differencesWhole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)
y
z
yyy
z
Second Set of Models
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
0.58
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
C-peptide (nmol/L)
P <0.05, for boys and girls bars with different letters are significantly different
p-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)
y y
y yz
z
Second Set of Models
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Ho
mo
cyst
ein
e (μ
mo
l/L)
P <0.05, for boys only, bars with different letters are significantly different
p-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)
z
y ySecond Set of Models
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
Girls Boys
NoneLowHigh
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004
Serum folate (ng/mL)
P <0.05 for boys and girls, bars with different letters are significantly different
p-value reflects the probability of these differences occurring by chance across the three levels, using multiple regression analysis for differences
Whole Grain Consumption (oz eq per day)
Second Set of Models
y
yz
z
y y
z
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake, Chronic Disease Risk Indicators, and Weight Status among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
CONCLUSION- Whole-grain intake among adolescents was well below recommendations, however consumption was favorably associated with intake of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, and total folate.
- Results suggested that whole grain intake may also be favorably associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and CVD, although results varied by sex.
- With higher whole-grain intake, fasting insulin levels were lower and serum and red blood cell folate levels were higher for boys and girls; however, C-peptide levels were lower for girls, and homocysteine concentrations were lower for boys.
-These findings provide support for current recommendationsto promote greater intake of whole grains among adolescents.
JOURNAL OFTHE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Hur and ReicksJ Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112 (January).
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