Integrating and Automating Local-Area with Wide-Area Data...

Integrating and Automating

Local-Area with Wide-Area Data

For Better Root-Cause Analytics

Dr. Greg Zweigle

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.

What Is an Event Report

Substation 1

Substation 2

Prefault Data Post-Fault Data

• Currents

• Voltages

• Digitals

Fault DataIED

What Is a Synchrophasor

Va(B)IRIG-B

Magnitude

and Angle

Magnitude

and Angle

IRIG-B

GPS Clock

IED / PMU

GPS Clock

IED / PMU

Correlation of Time-Stamped Data Types

Hawaii Electric Light Company (HELCO)

50% Renewable Power

Regularly Integrated

Collection Architecture Implemented at HELCO

Control Center

Substation

Event Report Data

Synchrophasor Data

Central PDC

Synchrophasor Archive

Event Report Collection

and Archive

Protective

Relays

Switch

Communications

Processor

Client

Defense-in-Depth Security Approach

Substation Perimeter

Serial Encryption,

User Access Proxy

Switch

Zone 0

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Protective

Relays

Communications Processor

or PDC

Challenges With Islanded Systems

PMU Frequency

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

Frequency Deviation

PMU Frequency

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

Synchrophasors

IED Event Reports

Data Correlation for Added Context

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

Event Summary Data for Operations

IED Event

Report Summary

Event Reports for Detailed Analysis

San Diego Gas and Electric

• 103 PMUs Installed

• Leveraged existing protection relays

• > 99.9% Availability

• < 100ms average latency

Event Report Integration Architecture

Substation

Archive

Engineering

Web-client Web-client

Event Report Archive

Collect

Complete 230kV & 500kV Coverage

Detected Oscillation - Generator

Voltage Magnitude

Detected Oscillation

Voltage Magnitude

Frequency

TL #1TL #2TL #3 TL #4TL #5TL #6…

Synchrophasor Data

Relay Event Reports

Correlate Relay Event Data

Voltage Magnitude

Frequency

Line Trip

Relay Event Report

Correlate Relay Event Data

Voltage MagnitudeFrequency

Event Summary for Operations

TL #1 – SEL-311L

Event Summary

TL #1TL #2TL #3 TL #4TL #5TL #6TL #7

Voltage MagnitudeFrequency

TL #1 – SEL-311L

Integrated Event Analysis

Relay Oscillography

Too Much Data for Human Analysis

1 GB Per Hour

25 GB Per Day

8 TB Per Year

100 PMUs

Solution – Automatically Detect Disturbances

Previous 1 Hour

quency

Notify Operations of Disturbances

Alert Threshold

Detection Threshold

Determine Disturbance Type With Oscillation Energy

Oscillation Energy Band BPA Energy Band Key

0.01–0.15 Hz Generator, HVDC, or SVC

0.15–1.0 Hz Local plant controls

1.0–5.0 Hz Inter-area oscillations

5.0–14.0 Hz Local plant controls or AGC

Example Disturbance Results

22Disturbances

11Unique

91%Local

Disturbance Type

13Line

7Oscillation

1Generator Trip

1Load Trip

Blue Ridge Electric Cooperative (BREC)

South Carolina

Anderson

County

Greenville

County

Spartanburg

County

Pickens

County

Oconee

County

Image source: NERC

Automatic Collection Adds Insight

Trip Pickup Event Report

Automatic Collection Simplifies The Analysis Process

Event Report

Database

Analytics For Distribution Fault

Location

BREC Oakway Feeder

Faults Per SubstationThree Month Period

Faults

Location Number of Faults

X Circuit 1 52

X Circuit 2 48

X Circuit 3 37

Month Number of Faults

January 78

February 38

March 21

Faults Per Feeder at Substation X

Faults Per Month at Substation X

Breakdown of Faults at Substation XJanuary 2016

Faults

4 5 6 11 12 17 19 22 23 24 26 27January

Questions?

Integrating and Automating Local-Area with Wide-Area Data...

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