Integrating and Automating Local-Area with Wide-Area Data ...sgdril.eecs.wsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Zweigle-wsu_analyt… · Copyright © Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories,

Copyright © Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. 2017

Integrating and Automating

Local-Area with Wide-Area Data

For Better Root-Cause Analytics

Dr. Greg Zweigle

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.


What Is an Event Report

Substation 1

Substation 2

Prefault Data Post-Fault Data

• Currents

• Voltages

• Digitals

Fault DataIED


What Is a Synchrophasor

A B

Vref

Va(A)

Va(B)IRIG-B

Magnitude

and Angle

Magnitude

and Angle

IRIG-B

GPS Clock

IED / PMU

GPS Clock

IED / PMU


Correlation of Time-Stamped Data Types

1

2

1

2

PMU

Event


Hawaii Electric Light Company (HELCO)

Map data ©2016 Google

50% Renewable Power

Regularly Integrated


Collection Architecture Implemented at HELCO

Control Center

Substation

Event Report Data

Synchrophasor Data

WAN

Central PDC

Synchrophasor Archive

Event Report Collection

and Archive

Protective

Relays

Switch

PDC

Communications

Processor

Web

Client


Defense-in-Depth Security Approach

Substation Perimeter

Serial Encryption,

User Access Proxy

Switch

WAN

Zone 0

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Protective

Relays

Communications Processor

or PDC


Challenges With Islanded Systems

PMU Frequency

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

Copyright © HELCO 2017


Frequency Deviation

PMU Frequency

59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

IED 1

IED 2

IED 3



59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

IED 1

IED 2

IED 3

Synchrophasors

IED Event Reports

Data Correlation for Added Context



59.647 Hz

60.014 Hz

60.564 Hz

12:40:00 AM 12:53:20 AM 1:10:00 AM

IED 1

IED 2

IED 3

Event Summary Data for Operations

IED Event

Report Summary



Event Reports for Detailed Analysis



San Diego Gas and Electric

• 103 PMUs Installed

• Leveraged existing protection relays

• > 99.9% Availability

• < 100ms average latency


Event Report Integration Architecture

Substation

PDC

Local

Archive

Relay

Data

Center

Operations

PDC SynchroWAVe

Archive

Engineering

Web-client Web-client

Event Report Archive

Collect


Complete 230kV & 500kV Coverage


Detected Oscillation - Generator

Voltage Magnitude


Detected Oscillation

Voltage Magnitude

Frequency

df/dt


TL #1TL #2TL #3 TL #4TL #5TL #6…

Synchrophasor Data

Relay Event Reports

Correlate Relay Event Data

Voltage Magnitude

Frequency


Line Trip

Relay Event Report

Correlate Relay Event Data

Voltage MagnitudeFrequency


Event Summary for Operations

TL #1 – SEL-311L

Event Summary

TL #1TL #2TL #3 TL #4TL #5TL #6TL #7

Voltage MagnitudeFrequency


TL #1 – SEL-311L

Integrated Event Analysis

Relay Oscillography


Too Much Data for Human Analysis

1 GB Per Hour

25 GB Per Day

8 TB Per Year

100 PMUs


Solution – Automatically Detect Disturbances

Previous 1 Hour

Fre

quency


Notify Operations of Disturbances

Alert Threshold

Z-R

atio

Detection Threshold

0

30

50


Determine Disturbance Type With Oscillation Energy

Oscillation Energy Band BPA Energy Band Key

0.01–0.15 Hz Generator, HVDC, or SVC

0.15–1.0 Hz Local plant controls

1.0–5.0 Hz Inter-area oscillations

5.0–14.0 Hz Local plant controls or AGC


Example Disturbance Results

22Disturbances

11Unique

91%Local

Disturbance Type

13Line

7Oscillation

1Generator Trip

1Load Trip





Blue Ridge Electric Cooperative (BREC)

MRO

NPCC

SPP

RFC

SERC

FRCC

South Carolina

Anderson

County

Greenville

County

Spartanburg

County

Pickens

County

Oconee

County

Image source: NERC


Automatic Collection Adds Insight

31

370

630

Trip Pickup Event Report


Automatic Collection Simplifies The Analysis Process

Event Report

Database


Analytics For Distribution Fault

Location

BREC Oakway Feeder


Faults Per SubstationThree Month Period

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

Faults


Location Number of Faults

X Circuit 1 52

X Circuit 2 48

X Circuit 3 37

Month Number of Faults

January 78

February 38

March 21

Faults Per Feeder at Substation X

Faults Per Month at Substation X


Breakdown of Faults at Substation XJanuary 2016

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

35

Faults

40

45

50

4 5 6 11 12 17 19 22 23 24 26 27January


Questions?

Documents

Integrating and Automating Local-Area with Wide-Area Data ...sgdril.eecs.wsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Zweigle-wsu_analyt… · Copyright © Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories,