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slide 1 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center
Integrated salt and Artemia production in artisanal saltworks in the Mekong delta in Vietnam
a socio-economic success story as model for other regions in the world
Patrick SorgeloosArtemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Belgium
Nguyen Van HoaCollege of Aquaculture & Fisheries, Can Tho University, Vietnam
2nd EuSalt Conference, June 3-4, 2014, Sicily - Italy
Halobacterium bloom in the crystalizers
NaCl purity 90 99.6 %
Artemia biomass
Role of brine shrimp Artemia in the solar salt production process
cysts
biomass
Brine Shrimp Artemia
Asian sea bass larva feeding on Artemia
shrimp postlarva feeding on Artemia
late 1970s in the Philippines & Thailand
Vinh Chau - Vietnam in the 80’s
salt production during dry season and…
…shrimp culture during rainy season
…with a very low income (< 1 US$ / household / day)
Vinh Chau saltworksin 1986
hatching
inoculation collecting
Artemia pond management
•Pond monitoring•Population observation•Pumping•Raking•Feeding
Extension services
Cyst collecting & processing
Cyst floating in the pond corner •Screening
•Washing•Raw cysts•Storage
Processing & Quality Control
brine & freshwater separation
Raw cysts
canningvacuum
FBD dryer
Quality Control(H%, HE, HUFA, ∅ cysts, %water)
final products
centrifugedried cysts
Production history in Vinh Chau area
SOCIO - ECONOMICS
2.5-3x increased incomecompared to salt production
Total income in Artemiaproduction:• Traditional model:
3,500-4,000 US $/ha
• Intensive model:6,000-7,500 US $/ha
almost 500 families involved in Artemia production in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu provinces
SALT only + ARTEMIA
1985 2010
SOCIO - ECONOMICS
Economic efficiency of Artemia culture
higher profit in 2012 & 2013 due to high market price of cyst
12151057
22722813
1085
3899
2845
1120
3965
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Total cost Income Profit
US
D/h
a/c
rop
201120122013 Yield Profit
(kg ww/ha) (vnd/ha)
204 180.170.000 8579 usd
128 104.420.000 4972 usd
93 70.210.000 3343 usd
Advanced techniques (intensive culture) 2013 in the model
Survey in 2013 for Vinh Chau and Bac Lieu Artemia farming
Cyst needs in Vietnam
today, VN hatcheries require app. 300 - 400 tons/yr (30-40 M US$)but present Artemia production covers only 5 % of the country’s needs
3 kgWhite leg
10 kgPrawn
3 kgfor 5000 cobia
of 60-day fingerlings
3 kgTiger shrimp
30 kgMud-crab
cysts
biomass
Artemia biomass
Cysts Biomass
+
Expansion
4. Perspectives and potential for Artemia production Cost – Benefit (Salt – Artemia):
SALT Đồng
Water pump (D6) 4,500,000
Pond preparation (7days*120,000Đ) 840,000
Labor for raking (2 persons*3millĐ*5 months) 30,000,000
Gasoline (100litres*23,000Đ) 2,300,000
Oil for machine (10 litres*30,000Đ) 300,000
Materials supported 1,500,000
Salt collecting/harvest 4,500,000
Land lease 1,300,000
TOTAL COSTS (1 Ha) 45,240,000
REVENUE (70ton*1millĐ/ton) (1Ha) 70,000,000
NET INCOME (1Ha) 24,760,000
ARTEMIA Đồng
Pond preparation (7days*120,000Đ) 840,000
Seed (6cans*1.3millĐ) 7,800,000
Gasoline (80litres*23,000Đ) 1,840,000
Oil for machine (8 litres*30,000Đ) 240,000
Labor (2 persons*3millĐ*5 months) 30,000,000
Chicken fertilizer (200bags*18,000Đ) 3,600,000
Urea (2bags*500,000Đ) 1,000,000
DAP (1bag*800,000Đ) 800,000
Food #0 (10bags*300.000Đ) 3,000,000
Derris root (Rotenon + saponin) (2bags*180,000Đ) 360,000
Materials supported 1,000,000
Water pump (D6) 4,500,000
Land lease 1,300,000
TOTAL COSTS (1 Ha) 56,280,000
REVENUE (70kg*1.3millĐ) 91,000,000
NET INCOME (1Ha) 34,720,000
Vĩnh Phước cooperative (ST):
<<<
India
Sri Lanka
Mozambique
Kenya
slide 26 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center
Take home message for this conference:
• new socio-economic opportunity for salt + Artemia production in seasonal / artisanal saltworks in (sub)tropical regions
• Artemia cysts and biomass for local aquaculture developments
• Artemia for bioremediation of highly eutrophic coastal ecosystems = extractive aquaculture
slide 27 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center
thank you for your attention
www.aquaculture.ugent.be
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