slide 1 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center

Integrated salt and Artemia production in artisanal saltworks in the Mekong delta in Vietnam

a socio-economic success story as model for other regions in the world

Patrick SorgeloosArtemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Belgium

Nguyen Van HoaCollege of Aquaculture & Fisheries, Can Tho University, Vietnam

2nd EuSalt Conference, June 3-4, 2014, Sicily - Italy

Halobacterium bloom in the crystalizers

NaCl purity 90 99.6 %

Artemia biomass

Role of brine shrimp Artemia in the solar salt production process

cysts

biomass

Brine Shrimp Artemia

Asian sea bass larva feeding on Artemia

shrimp postlarva feeding on Artemia

late 1970s in the Philippines & Thailand

Vinh Chau - Vietnam in the 80’s

salt production during dry season and…

…shrimp culture during rainy season

…with a very low income (< 1 US$ / household / day)

Vinh Chau saltworksin 1986

hatching

inoculation collecting

Artemia pond management

•Pond monitoring•Population observation•Pumping•Raking•Feeding

Extension services

Cyst collecting & processing

Cyst floating in the pond corner •Screening

•Washing•Raw cysts•Storage

Processing & Quality Control

brine & freshwater separation

Raw cysts

canningvacuum

FBD dryer

Quality Control(H%, HE, HUFA, ∅ cysts, %water)

final products

centrifugedried cysts

Production history in Vinh Chau area

SOCIO - ECONOMICS

2.5-3x increased incomecompared to salt production

Total income in Artemiaproduction:• Traditional model:

3,500-4,000 US $/ha

• Intensive model:6,000-7,500 US $/ha

almost 500 families involved in Artemia production in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu provinces

SALT only + ARTEMIA

1985 2010

SOCIO - ECONOMICS

Economic efficiency of Artemia culture

higher profit in 2012 & 2013 due to high market price of cyst

12151057

22722813

1085

3899

2845

1120

3965

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Total cost Income Profit

US

D/h

a/c

rop

201120122013 Yield Profit

(kg ww/ha) (vnd/ha)

204 180.170.000 8579 usd

128 104.420.000 4972 usd

93 70.210.000 3343 usd

Advanced techniques (intensive culture) 2013 in the model

Survey in 2013 for Vinh Chau and Bac Lieu Artemia farming

Cyst needs in Vietnam

today, VN hatcheries require app. 300 - 400 tons/yr (30-40 M US$)but present Artemia production covers only 5 % of the country’s needs

3 kgWhite leg

10 kgPrawn

3 kgfor 5000 cobia

of 60-day fingerlings

3 kgTiger shrimp

30 kgMud-crab

cysts

biomass

Artemia biomass

Cysts Biomass

+

Expansion

4. Perspectives and potential for Artemia production Cost – Benefit (Salt – Artemia):

SALT Đồng

Water pump (D6) 4,500,000

Pond preparation (7days*120,000Đ) 840,000

Labor for raking (2 persons*3millĐ*5 months) 30,000,000

Gasoline (100litres*23,000Đ) 2,300,000

Oil for machine (10 litres*30,000Đ) 300,000

Materials supported 1,500,000

Salt collecting/harvest 4,500,000

Land lease 1,300,000

TOTAL COSTS (1 Ha) 45,240,000

REVENUE (70ton*1millĐ/ton) (1Ha) 70,000,000

NET INCOME (1Ha) 24,760,000

ARTEMIA Đồng

Pond preparation (7days*120,000Đ) 840,000

Seed (6cans*1.3millĐ) 7,800,000

Gasoline (80litres*23,000Đ) 1,840,000

Oil for machine (8 litres*30,000Đ) 240,000

Labor (2 persons*3millĐ*5 months) 30,000,000

Chicken fertilizer (200bags*18,000Đ) 3,600,000

Urea (2bags*500,000Đ) 1,000,000

DAP (1bag*800,000Đ) 800,000

Food #0 (10bags*300.000Đ) 3,000,000

Derris root (Rotenon + saponin) (2bags*180,000Đ) 360,000

Materials supported 1,000,000

Water pump (D6) 4,500,000

Land lease 1,300,000

TOTAL COSTS (1 Ha) 56,280,000

REVENUE (70kg*1.3millĐ) 91,000,000

NET INCOME (1Ha) 34,720,000

Vĩnh Phước cooperative (ST):

<<<

India

Sri Lanka

Mozambique

Kenya

slide 26 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center

Take home message for this conference:

• new socio-economic opportunity for salt + Artemia production in seasonal / artisanal saltworks in (sub)tropical regions

• Artemia cysts and biomass for local aquaculture developments

• Artemia for bioremediation of highly eutrophic coastal ecosystems = extractive aquaculture

slide 27 of 63Better Life – Patrick SorgeloosLaboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center

thank you for your attention

www.aquaculture.ugent.be