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Info Taken from:
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Canal Winchester Local School District100 Washington Street
Canal Winchester, OH 43110
Info Taken from:
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Canal Winchester Local School District100 Washington Street
Canal Winchester, OH 43110
The Indus River Valley The Indus River Valley CivilizationCivilization
• Over 2,000 years old!• 2,500 BC developed on the banks of the
Indus River Valley• Referred to as Dravidian Culture• Or Harappan Civilization
– After one of its major cities– Lasted until approx. 1,700 BC– Near present-day Pakistan
• Borders stretch from present-day Kabul, Afghanistan to Delhi, India
I. The Indus River Valley I. The Indus River Valley CivilizationCivilization
• Hundreds of towns and two major cities:– Harappa– Mohenjo-Daro
• Large city• Well-built homes• Public buildings• Canals• City walls
I. The Indus River Valley I. The Indus River Valley CivilizationCivilization
– Mohenjo-Daro• Craft workers used clay for beautiful figurines and
communication• Streets in a grid design
– Expected a large population– roughly 30,000 citizens
• Wall around the city• Houses had brick/stone foundations
– Houses had as many as three floors.– Several rooms, toilets, wells, drainage system with
brick lined sewers in the streets– Citizens were conveniently able to dispose of their garbage
through a slit cut into their house which would then fall into containers lined up on the street below.
• Ditches and canals for irrigation• Public bathhouse• Buildings for storing grain and holding meetings
The Great Bath, Mohenjo-Daro
Mohenjo-Daro’s brick floored bathhouses were even designed to have dirty water drain through clay pipes into an
underground gutter system
II. The Aryan Influence on II. The Aryan Influence on South AsiaSouth Asia
• 1,700 BC—Aryans came to South Asia– Migrated through Russia and passes in the
Hindu Kush mountains• Suggests that Aryans played a role in the
end of the Harappan civilization• Aryan people and Indus River valley
civilization eventually blended into one culture
• This culture was concentrated in both the Indus River valley and the Ganges River valley
What Happened?– The Dravidian culture,
• a civilized peaceful matriarchal empire. • This is a very good thing, but not when another
culture wants to take over control. – The Dravidians were totally unprepared for
invasion by the barbaric patriarchal tribes of Aryans.
• However the Dravidian empire did hold out for several centuries before being taken over by the Aryans.
– When the Aryans took the empire, they imposed a harsh patriarchal control over the land.
• The Aryans divided the empire into four classes and the Dravidians were at the bottom of the barrel.
– The defeated Dravidians, » now called the Shudras, » were enslaved and their only right was to serve the
upper three classes of Aryans.
The Vedas 1200 BCE-600 BCE.
written in SANSKRIT.
Hindu core of beliefs:
hymns and poems.
religious prayers.
magical spells.
lists of the gods and goddesses.
Rig Veda oldest work.Rig Veda oldest work.
Varna (Social Hierarchy)
ShudrasShudras
VaishyasVaishyas
Kshatriyas Kshatriyas
Pariahs [Harijan] Untouchables
Pariahs [Harijan] Untouchables
BrahminsBrahmins
The Caste System
The mouth?
The arms?
The legs?
The feet?
WHO IS…
What is a JATI?
BrahminsBrahmins
KshatriyasKshatriyas
VaishyasVaishyas
ShudrasShudras
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