Influence of climate change on desertification and degradation of soils in Tajikistan Boymurodov...

Influence of climate change on Influence of climate change on desertification and degradation of desertification and degradation of

soils in Tajikistansoils in Tajikistan

Boymurodov RuzimurodBoymurodov RuzimurodTajik agrarian universityTajik agrarian university

TajikistanTajikistan20122012

The basic theses:The basic theses:

• Change of temperature of air;

• Change of deposits;

• Change of snow stocks;

• Degradation and soil desertification

• Tajikistan ratified the Frame Convention of the United Nations on climate change in 1998, having taken up obligations as the Convention Party

• Tajikistan ratified the Kiot Report in 2008

• In Tajikistan the legislative and institutional basis for the actions directed on the decision of problems, connected with climate change is created.

• The official body on hydrometeorology of Committee of preservation of the environment at Government republic Tajikistan co-ordinates actions for climate change in Tajikistan.

• For these purposes in 2004 the Center on climate change studying which competence includes realization of corresponding projects, planning of a uniform policy and participation in the international negotiations on change questions to has been created

Specific emissions of СО2 in the countries of the Central AsiaSpecific emissions of СО2 in the countries of the Central Asia

Change of average annual temperatures in Tajikistan

Negative trendFrom 0 to +0,5From 0,5 to +1From above +1

Negative trendFrom 0 to +0,5From 0,5 to +1From above +1

The sum of days with temperature from above +40The sum of days with temperature from above +40

Deviation of language of a glacier of Fedchenko

Degradation of a glacier of Garmo Pamir, Tajikistan

Owing to global warming many small glaciers Tajikistan have completely thawed

On a glacier place - a dust

Condition and estimation struggle Condition and estimation struggle against desertificationagainst desertification

• Degradation of the earths has captured nearby 97, 9 %

• In comparison of 1973 on 30 % it is more

• Annually about 50 thousand in hectare of the cultivated earths are exposed to various degree of desertification.

Desertification factorsDesertification factors

• Lay of land

• Environmental conditions

• Rocks

• Vegetative cover

• Soil cover

• Anthropogenous factors

Desertification processesDesertification processes

• Water erosion

• Ravine erosion

• Secondary salification

• Raising of level of ground waters

• Wind erosion

Anthropogenous factorsAnthropogenous factors

• Development of abrupt slopes• Wrong watering• Wrong placing of agricultural cultures• Cutting down of woods• Pasture cattle• Wrong placing of hydraulic engineering

constructions

Recommendations and decision waysRecommendations and decision ways

• To give more scientific and state blow attention to monitoring of indicators of climate change

• To take and expand a network of especially-protected natural territories to develop transboundary ecological corridors and cooperation with neighbouring countries and other states

• Increase of fire-prevention protection of woods and their protection against wreckers and the illnesses, added with increase in volume of restoration of woods and strengthening of a network protected

• Regulation of water-physical properties for reduction of a soil drought in the conditions of climate change of soils

• Optimisation of irrigation norms of agricultural crops in a combination to application of methods of overhead irrigation and a drop irrigation in the conditions of a drought and deficiency of water resources

• Creation of information system on desertification problems

• The organisation of monitoring of process of global warming and desertification

• Improvement of methods of struggle against degradation of soils

• Raising of a role of the international cooperation in struggle against global warming and desertification

• Raising of a role of local population, non-governmental the organisations on struggle against desertification

Thank you for attentionThank you for attention