How do optical components enable tomorrow's broadband

Next-Generation FTTH: Architectures Next-Generation FTTH: Architectures and Enabling Componentsand Enabling Components

Rajeev Ram

MIT Center for Integrated Photonic Systems

In collaboration with Communications Futures Program

Industrial Group Members

JDSU Motorola Nokia BT Telecom Italia AlphionNeophotonics

Additional Contributors

Corning Luminent VitesseNovera Intune VerizonCisco Broadcom KAIST AT&T Ovum InfineraUC Berkeley Lightwave Research

Optical Broadband Working GroupOptical Broadband Working Group

FTTx DriversFTTx Drivers

• Ever increasing demand for bandwidth, including IPTV

• Need to significantly lower network costs (rising faster

than revenue)

• Rapidly advancing technology and declining equipment

costs

• Public policy

• Standards

0.010

0.100

1.000

10.000

100.000

1000.000

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Nom

inal

Dow

nstr

eam

Rat

e (M

bit/s

)

ADSL

V.90

BPON*Mid-tier

Basic

ADSL2

VDSL2

* Excluding analog overlay

ADSL typical residential offerings

GPON

Basic

NGPON

?

?

?

Cable

DOCSIS 1.0DOCSIS 1.1Rate caps imposed

DOCSIS 3.0Channel bonding

1.3x per year

Economy

Mid-tier

Premium

0.010

0.100

1.000

10.000

100.000

1000.000

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Nom

inal

Dow

nstr

eam

Rat

e (M

bit/s

)

ADSL

V.90

BPON*Mid-tier

Basic

ADSL2

VDSL2

* Excluding analog overlay

ADSL typical residential offerings

GPON

Basic

NGPON

?

?

?

Cable

DOCSIS 1.0DOCSIS 1.1Rate caps imposed

DOCSIS 3.0Channel bonding

1.3x per year

Economy

Mid-tier

Premium

The Need for SpeedThe Need for Speed

FTTX Deployment StatusFTTX Deployment Status

• Worldwide deployment accelerating– 11M subscribers in 2005

• Asia leading in users, but other regions rapidly rolling out systems

• In the U.S., >1000 communities have FTTx service today– 8M homes passed – 1.3M subscribers, forecasted at >10M by 2011

• In Europe, forecast for 49% CAGR from 2005-10– 25M Optical network terminals

• PON equipment sales of $965M in 2006, forecasted to be $2.4B in 2010

Small Businesses

New BuriedDevelopment

Splitter

OLT

ONTONT

Splitter

ONT

ONTONT

Splitter

ONT

ONT

Splitter

ONT

2.4 Gbps shared by up to 128 users

2.4 Gbps out1.2 Gbps in

10-100 Mbps service rates

20 km reach

12

34

1

4

2 3

Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview

Time Division Multiplexing

ONT

Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview

Power &Battery

ONTONT

Video

Data

POTS

ONT

Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview

Power &Battery

ONTONT

Video

Data

POTS1310 nm 1490 nm

DownstreamUpstream

Voice and Data

1550 nm

VideoVoice and Data

Bandwidths & Services

ONT

Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview

Power &Battery

ONTONT

Video

Data

POTS1310 nm 1490 nm

DownstreamUpstream

Voice and Data

1550 nm

VideoVoice and Data

Bandwidths & Services

ONT

Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview

Power &Battery

ONTONT

Video

Data

POTS1310 nm 1490 nm

DownstreamUpstream

Voice and Data

1550 nm

VideoVoice and Data

Bandwidths & Services

Fast Clockspeed NetworksFast Clockspeed Networks

• Convergence of telecom and access networks – a high volume market for high performance components – single frequency lasers & sensitive detectors

– new leaders

• 10x scaling of manufacturing and assembly– More than 200k triplexers per month

• Driving new technologies for rapid deployment– Burst mode electronics (shared bandwidth components)

– Broadband amplifier systems (reach extension to rural communities)

Metro Edge

Optical Access Network

WDM-PONWDM-PON

GPONGPON

LR-PONLR-PON

Metro Core

Next-Gen Broadband Architecture OptionsNext-Gen Broadband Architecture Options

•WDM PON: Dedicated wavelengths (high capacity) per user•Long Reach PON: Consolidation of metro (telecom) and access networks

WDM-PONWDM-PON

Metro Core

Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON

–No bandwidth sharing on the transport layer

–Flexible and simple Bandwidth/Subscriber allocation

–Virtual POINT TO POINT (Secure Networks)

–Physical POINT TO MULTIPOINT (Shared Fiber Infrastructure)

WDM-PONWDM-PON

Metro Core

Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON

Remote node in manhole

Largest market for athermal ‘integrated’ wavelength filters

WDM-PONWDM-PON

Metro Core

Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON

Remote node in manhole

Largest market for athermal ‘integrated’ wavelength filters

How do you sell the same hardware to every user in a wavelength selective network ?

?

WDM-PONWDM-PON

Metro Core

Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON

Modulate and reflect light to CO

w/ filtered white light

w/o filtered white light

Injection Locking (KT Field Trial)

How do you sell the same hardware to every user in a wavelength selective network ?

Metro Edge

Optical Access NetworkGPON

GPON

LR-PONLR-PON

Metro Core

Long-Reach PON ArchitectureLong-Reach PON Architecture

Optical Amplifier

100 km reach 1000:1 splitters

Trade CapEx for OpEx: Fund edge components by closing down COs

MIT Modeling Activity OverviewMIT Modeling Activity Overview

DemandDemographics

TechnologicalConstraints

OperatingContext

Central OfficeSiting

SplitterSiting

Fiber PlantSiting

Network Model Inputs

Network DesignModel

Network Design

ComponentCosts

LaborCosts

Resource Costs

NetworkConstraints

Network Cost Models

Network CapEx

Network OpEx

Network Design Model: ValidationNetwork Design Model: ValidationScenario (1) BT (1) MIT (2) Corning (2) MIT

Homes Passed 7353 7228 71331 71176

Splitter Strategy Non-Cascaded

1x32

Cascaded

1x4 1x8

Data Rate (Gbps) 2.5 2.5

Reach (km) 12 20

Central Offices 1 3

Route Length (km) 758 717 10357 10658

Stage 1 Splitters 263 294 2634 2607

Stage 2 Splitters N/A N/A 10658 10283

Model Inputs

Model Outputs

OpEx Involves Multiple ParametersOpEx Involves Multiple Parameters

Intrinsic Failure Modes

Failure Mode FIT Rate Data

Material Repair/Replace Costs

Extrinsic Failure Modes

Observed FIT Rate Data

Man-hours to Repair/Replace

Resource Costs

Power Costs

Rents

Administrative Labor

Model Input Parameters:Network Components:

ONT

Fiber

Splitters

OLT

Connectors

Splices

Non-OLT Central Office

Industry Data (Bottom-up)

Field Data (Top-Down)

OpEx By Network ComponentOpEx By Network Component

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

$80

$90

(3) (4) (5)

An

nu

al O

pEx p

er

Su

bscri

ber

COFiber Hardware

5km 20km

1x4,1x8 1x4,1x8

OpEx

52% Savings

BC LR

Total$77.59

Total$37.38

Access Networks Designed for ChangeAccess Networks Designed for Change

• Convergence of telecom and access networks– At the component level

– At the architecture and network level

– Drives working group discussions across the value chain

• Driving new technologies for rapid deployment– Drives MIT research

• WDM Optical Network Unit development

• Burst Mode Electronics (1000x enhancement demonstrated in 2006)

• High performance, low cost optical components (record performance amps)

• Network OpEx models for driving architecture designs