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Hospital Charges For Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska 1996-2000 Ming Qu Prabhakar Dhungana. Introduction. Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are one of the top five leading causes of injury in Nebraska. Source: Nebraska 2001 ECODE File. Introduction (Continued). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Hospital Charges For Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska 1996-2000
Ming Qu Prabhakar Dhungana
Nebraska Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES)
IntroductionMotor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are one of the top five leading causes of injury in Nebraska
Source: Nebraska 2001 ECODE File
Sheet4
Top 10 external causes of Injury in Nebraska, 2001
RankCauseRecords
TotalOutpatientInpatient
1Fall41,91437,3734,541
2Struck by, against22,19621,904292
3Unspecified15,49715,205292
4Motor vehicle traffic12,97411,8591,115
5Overexertion12,61612,445171
6Cut/pierce11,67311,524149
7Other specified and classifiable7,7307,577153
8Poisoning2,7431,990753
9Bites and sting2,7262,68838
10Hot object2,5162,45165
Top Ten132,585125,0167,569
%93.2193.4289.95
All Injury142,237133,8228,415
top ten
Top 10 external causes of Injury in Nebraska, 2001
RankCauseRecords
TotalOutpatientInpatient
1Fall41,91437,3734,541
2Struck by, against22,19621,904292
3Unspecified15,49715,205292
4Motor vehicle traffic12,97411,8591,115
5Overexertion12,61612,445171
6Cut/pierce11,67311,524149
7Other specified and classifiable7,7307,577153
8Poisoning2,7431,990753
9Bites and sting2,7262,68838
10Hot object2,5162,45165
Top Ten132,585125,0167,569
%93.2193.4289.95
All Injury142,237133,8228,415
11112,3182,057261
1291,7861,73353
13121,2031,10598
1471,1881,088100
15191,1651,13233
16480672581
1721475369106
18628722958
191725422826
201011510312
212553718
All Injury284,567267,73716,920
Sheet1
Sum of NumberINPATIENT
CAUSEOutpatientInpatientGrand Totalcausetotal records
10A103121151010312115115
11A2057261231811205726123182318
12A11009811981211059812031203
12C551326883827262726
13A268838272614124451711261612616
14A124451711261615199075327432743
15A1319174149316219042922219622196
15B52052910491722826254254
15C1515020118757715377307730
16A19805216200211911323311651165
16B20407621161115241491167311673
16C595920152052921549715497
17A2122223421369106475475
17B14418237185555
17C2233737345414191441914
18A72441397383472581806806
18B33314347524516525162516
19A77719796622958287287
19B312123247108810011881188
19C4324581185911151297412974
1A112229011312917335317861786
1B29857355142237
1C426
20A1419726414461
20B32915344
20C67913692
21A369106475
2A351853
2B11
2C11
3A37344453441878
3B10212
3C19524
4A70377780
4B17421
4C55
5A2443652508
5B66
5C22
6A17026196
6B372663
6C22628
7A10881001188
8A11851111212963
8B729
8C112
9A1733531786
Grand Total1338228415142237
Chart1
41914
22196
15497
12974
12616
External Cause of Injury
Number of Records
Top Five Leading External Causes of Injury in Nebraka, 2001
Chart2
4541
1115
753
292
292
171
153
149
65
38
Top Ten Leading Extenal Cause of Injury for Inpatient in Nebraka, 2001
Sheet2
Top 10 external causes of Injury in Nebraska, 2001
RankCauseRecords
TotalOutpatientInpatient
1Fall41,91437,3734,541
2Struck by, against22,19621,904292
3Unspecified15,49715,205292
4Motor vehicle traffic12,97411,8591,115
5Overexertion12,61612,445171
6Cut/pierce11,67311,524149
7Other specified and classifiable7,7307,577153
8Poisoning2,7431,990753
9Bites and sting2,7262,68838
10Hot object2,5162,45165
Top Ten132,585125,0167,569
%93.2193.4289.95
All Injury142,237133,8228,415
Fall4,541
Motor vehicle traffic1,115
Poisoning753
Struck by, against292
Unspecified292
Overexertion171
Other specified and classifiable153
Cut/pierce149
Hot object65
Bites and sting38
TOT1
CAUSEINPATIENTNumber
10A0103
10A112
11A02057
11A1261
12A01100
12A198
12C05
13A02688
13A138
14A012445
14A1171
15A01319
15A1174
15B0520
15B1529
15C0151
15C150
16A019805
16A1216
16B02040
16B176
16C059
17A0212
17A122
17B014
17B14
17C02
18A07244
18A1139
18B0333
18B114
19A0777
19A119
19B0312
19B112
19C043
19C12
1A011222
1A190
1B0298
1B157
1C04
1C12
20A014197
20A1264
20B0329
20B115
20C0679
20C113
21A0369
21A1106
2A035
2A118
2B01
2C01
3A037344
3A14534
3B010
3B12
3C019
3C15
4A0703
4A177
4B017
4B14
4C05
5A02443
5A165
5B06
5C02
6A0170
6A126
6B037
6B126
6C022
6C16
7A01088
7A1100
8A011851
8A11112
8B07
8B12
8C01
8C11
9A01733
9A153
142237
&A
Page &P
Introduction (Continued)MVCs result in significant economic costsAround $2 billion each year in NebraskaHowever very limited information was available about the financial outcomes of MVCsHospital charges represent the retail price for patient services before discountUsed to estimate actual costs
Objective
Help understand the factors which contribute to motor vehicle crashes- related health care costs to prioritize safety measures
MethodsNebraska CODES Data 1996-2000Motor vehicle crash records linked with hospital discharge recordsThis study includes: Records related to crashes involving cars, vans and light trucks; andRecords containing information on hospital charges
Methods (contd.)DescriptiveResponse variables Hospital chargesFactors Person specificAge, Gender, Restraint use, Driver conditionBody Part Injured Crash specificContributing human factors, Crash type, Posted speed limit
Overview of Study PopulationTotal number of patients (hospital charge>0) 31,574Patient typeInpatient 3,263 (10%)Outpatient 28,311 (90%)GenderFemale 18,278 (58%)Male 13,296( 42%)
Number of Patients (31,574)Total Hospital Charges (77,111,383)
T1-age&gender
Table 1. Hospital Charges by Gender and Age Group for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Gender
Male7,23442.12,81235620,339,23053.6
Female9,94857.91,77032617,607,39746.4
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Age
0-42691.61,701126457,4531.2
5-94292.51,273180546,1061.4
10-147174.21,5662701,122,6583.0
15-194,33425.21,8943148,207,82721.6
20-242,38313.91,8523304,413,74011.6
25-342,91216.91,6683324,857,38212.8
35-442,37113.82,1003654,979,95513.1
45-541,5018.72,6773864,017,98910.6
55-648555.02,6324002,250,7225.9
65-747254.24,4304103,211,5938.5
75 or older6864.05,6585733,881,20210.2
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet2
Table 2. Hospital Charges by Safety Belt Use for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
Safety Belt UseN%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Yes10,97963.91,48531116,304,94743.0
No5,22430.43,38340817,675,00146.6
Missing9795.74,0523753,966,67910.5
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet4
Table 3. Hospital Charges by Major Contributing Human Factor for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
MAJOR CONTRIBUTINGN%Mean $Median $Total
HUMAN FACTORSum $%
NOT STATED5653.32,4653251,392,6973.7
TOO FAST OR SPEEDING2,30613.43,1994017,377,42619.4
BACKING UNSAFELY1160.73,484285404,1681.1
RAN SIGNAL OR SIGN2,13012.41,9103374,067,71610.7
FAILURE TO YIELD4,39325.61,8573258,155,72821.5
FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE2,47814.46282911,557,2814.1
IMPROPER TURN2981.71,760317524,3871.4
IMPROPER SIGNALING270.22,39128664,5630.2
WRONG WAY (ONE-WAY)310.23,19948899,1620.3
IMPROPER LANE CHANGE1330.81,168326155,4070.4
DROVE LEFT OF CENTER6033.56,1605423,714,2549.8
EVASIVE ACTION7944.62,6483452,102,4945.5
IMPROPER OVERTAKING1951.11,739328339,1730.9
IMPROPER LOADING110.11,72034118,9250.0
NONE9745.72,5273382,461,5886.5
OTHER2,12812.42,5903825,511,65814.5
TOTAL17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet5
Table 5. Hospital Charges by Driver Condition for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
DRIVER CONDITIONPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
NOT STATED1470.94,098368602,3741.6
NORMAL14,41883.91,54531722,273,30458.7
FATIGUE_ASLEEP2061.24,310609887,9332.3
ILLNESS850.510,1741,490864,7912.3
DRINKING1,2337.25,8597367,224,53819.0
ILLEGAL DRUG130.12,23847229,0930.1
MEDICATION320.22,48053979,3680.2
UNKNOWN9415.55,7744545,433,35814.3
OTHER720.43,097663222,9950.6
MISSING350.29,396967328,8720.9
TOTAL17182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet6
Table 6. Hospital Charges by Body Part Injured for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
BODY PARTS INJUREDPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
HEAD3,52120.52,6863659,456,47424.9
FACE1,1056.41,6403661,812,7184.8
NECK3,57620.89693183,466,2859.1
CHEST1,1056.43,4224473,781,73310.0
BACK AREA1,73410.11,7723523,072,7068.1
SHOULDER AREA8214.81,057330867,4542.3
LOWER ARM AREA9215.41,4983041,379,2663.6
ABDOMINAL AREA4222.55,3316162,249,6535.9
HIP AREA4082.44,6534551,898,2865.0
LOWER LEG AREA1,1006.42,0873112,295,7306.0
ENTIRE BODY5563.29,0927745,055,15913.3
UNKNOWN5343.11,9502881,041,2072.7
MISSING13798.01,1382461,569,9564.1
TOTAL17182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet1
Table 4. Hospital Charges by Crash Type for Patients Involved in Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
CRASH TYPEPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
ROLLOVER1,2217.14,1884395,113,59513.5
SINGLE VEH FIXED OBJ2,55714.93,7274579,530,34025.1
SINGLE VEH NONFIXED OBJ4582.73,1763531,454,4423.8
MULT VEH NON HEADON12,45972.51,59431419,865,04152.3
MULTIPLE VEH HEADON3171.83,9455451,250,6353.3
MISSING1701.04,309391732,5741.9
TOTAL17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet9
Table 7. Results of the Multiple Regression Analysis for Hospital Charges for patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
StandardizedParameter95% Confidence IntervalReference Group
VariableEstimateEstimateLOWERUPPERProb > |T|
INTERCEP0.00004.79774.61184.98350.0001
Body Part Injured0.0001
Whole Body0.08810.66890.53630.80140.0001Arm
Head0.03690.11910.03050.20770.0085
Face-0.0003-0.0013-0.10870.10600.9808
Neck0.08200.25840.16680.34990.0001
Chest0.08490.43440.32770.54110.0001
Back0.05220.21950.12070.31840.0001
Shoulder-0.0004-0.0022-0.11600.11160.9697
Abdomen0.08190.68770.54530.83020.0001
Hip0.05740.49550.35070.64030.0001
Leg0.01290.0672-0.03900.17340.2149
Major Contributing Human Factor0.0001
Speeding or Too Fast0.03380.13510.03600.23420.0075No Human Factor
Ran Stop Sign or Signal0.02590.1033-0.00380.21040.0588
Illegal Turn0.00060.0057-0.16580.17720.9477
Following Too Close-0.0022-0.0082-0.11420.09790.8798
Failure to Yield0.04380.13130.03120.23150.0102
Other Human Factor0.04600.14610.05250.23970.0022
Driver Condition0.0001
Driver Drinking0.08130.42350.34120.50590.0001Normal
Other Driver Condition0.04530.40670.27350.53980.0001
Crash Type0.0001
Single Vehicle, Nonfixed Object0.00580.0547-0.12690.23640.3303Multiple Vehicle Head on
Single Vehicle, Fixed Object0.01200.0472-0.08760.18200.4182
Rollover0.00040.0020-0.14370.14770.4378
Multiple Vehicle, Non Head-on-0.0310-0.0965-0.22580.03290.0124
1 Year Increase in Age0.16020.01150.01050.01260.0001
Ejected0.08660.61270.50640.71900.0001Unejected
Unbelted0.06640.19180.14720.23650.0001Belted
1 MPH Speed Limit Increase0.04500.00500.00330.00680.0001
Injury Severity0.0001
Major0.48721.72831.66821.78840.0001Minor
Moderate0.04830.13850.08900.18800.0001
gender1
42.110597326957.8894026731
54.300898740245.6991012598
Male
Female
%
Percent of Patients involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes and Total Hospital Charges by Gender. Nebraska 1996-2000
gender
Table 1. Hospital Charges by Gender for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes. Nebraska, 1996-2000
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
GenderTotal number of patientHospital Charges
Male13,29642.13,14937541,872,17454.3
Female18,27857.91,92834335,239,20945.7
Total31,574100.02,44235577,111,383100.0
age
Table 2. Hospital Charges by Age Group for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Age
0-42691.61,701126457,4531.2
5-94292.51,273180546,1061.4
10-147174.21,5662701,122,6583.0
15-194,33425.21,8943148,207,82721.6
20-242,38313.91,8523304,413,74011.6
25-342,91216.91,6683324,857,38212.8
35-442,37113.82,1003654,979,95513.1
45-541,5018.72,6773864,017,98910.6
55-648555.02,6324002,250,7225.9
65-747254.24,4304103,211,5938.5
75 or older6864.05,6585733,881,20210.2
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
T1-age&gender
Table 1. Hospital Charges by Gender and Age Group for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Gender
Male7,23442.12,81235620,339,23053.6
Female9,94857.91,77032617,607,39746.4
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Age
0-42691.61,701126457,4531.2
5-94292.51,273180546,1061.4
10-147174.21,5662701,122,6583.0
15-194,33425.21,8943148,207,82721.6
20-242,38313.91,8523304,413,74011.6
25-342,91216.91,6683324,857,38212.8
35-442,37113.82,1003654,979,95513.1
45-541,5018.72,6773864,017,98910.6
55-648555.02,6324002,250,7225.9
65-747254.24,4304103,211,5938.5
75 or older6864.05,6585733,881,20210.2
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet2
Table 2. Hospital Charges by Safety Belt Use for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
Safety Belt UseN%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Yes10,97963.91,48531116,304,94743.0
No5,22430.43,38340817,675,00146.6
Missing9795.74,0523753,966,67910.5
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet4
Table 3. Hospital Charges by Major Contributing Human Factor for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
MAJOR CONTRIBUTINGN%Mean $Median $Total
HUMAN FACTORSum $%
NOT STATED5653.32,4653251,392,6973.7
TOO FAST OR SPEEDING2,30613.43,1994017,377,42619.4
BACKING UNSAFELY1160.73,484285404,1681.1
RAN SIGNAL OR SIGN2,13012.41,9103374,067,71610.7
FAILURE TO YIELD4,39325.61,8573258,155,72821.5
FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE2,47814.46282911,557,2814.1
IMPROPER TURN2981.71,760317524,3871.4
IMPROPER SIGNALING270.22,39128664,5630.2
WRONG WAY (ONE-WAY)310.23,19948899,1620.3
IMPROPER LANE CHANGE1330.81,168326155,4070.4
DROVE LEFT OF CENTER6033.56,1605423,714,2549.8
EVASIVE ACTION7944.62,6483452,102,4945.5
IMPROPER OVERTAKING1951.11,739328339,1730.9
IMPROPER LOADING110.11,72034118,9250.0
NONE9745.72,5273382,461,5886.5
OTHER2,12812.42,5903825,511,65814.5
TOTAL17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet5
Table 5. Hospital Charges by Driver Condition for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
DRIVER CONDITIONPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
NOT STATED1470.94,098368602,3741.6
NORMAL14,41883.91,54531722,273,30458.7
FATIGUE_ASLEEP2061.24,310609887,9332.3
ILLNESS850.510,1741,490864,7912.3
DRINKING1,2337.25,8597367,224,53819.0
ILLEGAL DRUG130.12,23847229,0930.1
MEDICATION320.22,48053979,3680.2
UNKNOWN9415.55,7744545,433,35814.3
OTHER720.43,097663222,9950.6
MISSING350.29,396967328,8720.9
TOTAL17182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet6
Table 6. Hospital Charges by Body Part Injured for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
BODY PARTS INJUREDPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
HEAD3,52120.52,6863659,456,47424.9
FACE1,1056.41,6403661,812,7184.8
NECK3,57620.89693183,466,2859.1
CHEST1,1056.43,4224473,781,73310.0
BACK AREA1,73410.11,7723523,072,7068.1
SHOULDER AREA8214.81,057330867,4542.3
LOWER ARM AREA9215.41,4983041,379,2663.6
ABDOMINAL AREA4222.55,3316162,249,6535.9
HIP AREA4082.44,6534551,898,2865.0
LOWER LEG AREA1,1006.42,0873112,295,7306.0
ENTIRE BODY5563.29,0927745,055,15913.3
UNKNOWN5343.11,9502881,041,2072.7
MISSING13798.01,1382461,569,9564.1
TOTAL17182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet1
Table 4. Hospital Charges by Crash Type for Patients Involved in Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
CRASH TYPEPatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
ROLLOVER1,2217.14,1884395,113,59513.5
SINGLE VEH FIXED OBJ2,55714.93,7274579,530,34025.1
SINGLE VEH NONFIXED OBJ4582.73,1763531,454,4423.8
MULT VEH NON HEADON12,45972.51,59431419,865,04152.3
MULTIPLE VEH HEADON3171.83,9455451,250,6353.3
MISSING1701.04,309391732,5741.9
TOTAL17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
Sheet9
Table 7. Results of the Multiple Regression Analysis for Hospital Charges for patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
StandardizedParameter95% Confidence IntervalReference Group
VariableEstimateEstimateLOWERUPPERProb > |T|
INTERCEP0.00004.79774.61184.98350.0001
Body Part Injured0.0001
Whole Body0.08810.66890.53630.80140.0001Arm
Head0.03690.11910.03050.20770.0085
Face-0.0003-0.0013-0.10870.10600.9808
Neck0.08200.25840.16680.34990.0001
Chest0.08490.43440.32770.54110.0001
Back0.05220.21950.12070.31840.0001
Shoulder-0.0004-0.0022-0.11600.11160.9697
Abdomen0.08190.68770.54530.83020.0001
Hip0.05740.49550.35070.64030.0001
Leg0.01290.0672-0.03900.17340.2149
Major Contributing Human Factor0.0001
Speeding or Too Fast0.03380.13510.03600.23420.0075No Human Factor
Ran Stop Sign or Signal0.02590.1033-0.00380.21040.0588
Illegal Turn0.00060.0057-0.16580.17720.9477
Following Too Close-0.0022-0.0082-0.11420.09790.8798
Failure to Yield0.04380.13130.03120.23150.0102
Other Human Factor0.04600.14610.05250.23970.0022
Driver Condition0.0001
Driver Drinking0.08130.42350.34120.50590.0001Normal
Other Driver Condition0.04530.40670.27350.53980.0001
Crash Type0.0001
Single Vehicle, Nonfixed Object0.00580.0547-0.12690.23640.3303Multiple Vehicle Head on
Single Vehicle, Fixed Object0.01200.0472-0.08760.18200.4182
Rollover0.00040.0020-0.14370.14770.4378
Multiple Vehicle, Non Head-on-0.0310-0.0965-0.22580.03290.0124
1 Year Increase in Age0.16020.01150.01050.01260.0001
Ejected0.08660.61270.50640.71900.0001Unejected
Unbelted0.06640.19180.14720.23650.0001Belted
1 MPH Speed Limit Increase0.04500.00500.00330.00680.0001
Injury Severity0.0001
Major0.48721.72831.66821.78840.0001Minor
Moderate0.04830.13850.08900.18800.0001
gender
Table 1. Hospital Charges by Gender for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-1998
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
Sum $%
Gender
Male7,23442.12,81235620,339,23053.6
Female9,94857.91,77032617,607,39746.4
Total17,182100.02,20933737,946,627100.0
age1
138
180
292
328
347
355
383
412
430
452
596
Median $
Age Group
Median Charges ($)
Median Hospital Charges for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes by Age Group. Nebraska, 1996-2000
age
Table 2. Hospital Charges by Age Group for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes. Nebraska, 1996-2000
PatientsHospital Charges
N%Mean $Median $Total
AgeMedian $Sum $%
0-45521.71,242138685,4120.9
5-97792.51,181180920,0641.2
10-141,3054.11,9142922,497,7473.2
15-197,90225.01,86132814,707,66519.1
20-244,46714.12,1133479,528,59012.4
25-345,33216.92,03535510,850,14214.1
35-444,37313.92,39238310,461,24613.6
45-542,8309.02,8604128,094,01810.5
55-641,5805.03,6274305,731,3477.4
65-741,3074.14,7804526,247,9728.1
75 or older1,1473.66,4405967,387,1799.6
Total31,574100.02,44235577,111,382100.0
Hospital Charges by Age Group for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes. Nebraska, 1996-2000
AgePatientsHospital ChargesN%Mean $Median $TotalSum $%0-45521.7 1,242 138685,4120.95-97792.5 1,181 180920,0641.210-141,3054.11,9142922,497,7473.215-197,90225.01,86132814,707,66519.120-244,46714.12,1133479,528,59012.425-345,33216.92,03535510,850,14214.135-444,37313.92,39238310,461,24613.645-542,8309.02,8604128,094,01810.555-641,5805.03,6274305,731,3477.465-741,3074.14,7804526,247,9728.175 or older1,1473.66,4405967,387,1799.6
Chart1
64.996516120943.9745044649329
28.900361056643.6924592094426
% of patient
% of total hospital charge
Median hospital charge
%
Restraint Use
Median
Percent of Total Patients,Total Hospital Charges and Median Hospital Charges by Restraint Use
Sheet1
Yes20,52265.01,65232933,909,34944.0
No9,12528.93,69242633,691,86043.7
Missing1,9276.14,9354129,510,17512.3
Total31,574100.02,44235577,111,384100.0
Sheet1
000
000
&A
Page &P
% of patient
% of total hospital charge
Median hospital charge
%
Restraint Use
Median
Percent of Total Patients,Total Hospital Charges and Median Hospital Charges
Sheet2
Sheet3
Hospital Charges by Driver Condition for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-2000
Driver ConditionPatientsHospital ChargesN%Mean $Median $TotalSum $%Not Stated2390.84,4504091,063,4471.4Normal26,80384.91,77333647,519,75661.6Fatigue/Asleep3781.24,4686201,688,7882.2Illness1330.49,3858021,248,2181.6Drinking2,1076.76,38374513,449,89117.4Illegal Drug290.13,04777688,3730.1Medication520.22,497654129,6910.2Unknown1,6365.26,54750310,711,33413.9Other1480.55,790617856,8661.1Missing490.27,2451,219355,0200.5
Hospital Charges by Major Contributing Human Factor for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-2000
Major Contributing Human FactorPatientsHospital ChargesN%Mean $Median $TotalSum $%Speeding or Too Fast3,94312.53,48141613,726,49217.8Right of Way Violation11,97837.92,14035125,632,05033.2 Ran Stop Sign1,3994.43,0073984,207,3875.5 Ran Traffic Signal2,4697.82,1203495,233,3926.8 Failure to Yield8,11025.71,99634516,191,27221.0Following Too Close4,55814.48613073,924,5005.1Improper Turn5211.71,901336990,5001.3Improper Lane Change2750.91,765358485,3480.6Drove Left of Center1,0663.47,2525597,730,63710.0Evasive Action1,3944.42,5083633,496,5644.5Improper Overtaking4231.32,4123361,020,3761.3Other4,62614.72,77438412,831,98616.6None1,7375.52,3023443,999,2375.2Not Stated1,0533.33,1093533,273,6944.2
Hospital Charges by Crash Type for Patients Involved in Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-2000
Crash TypePatientsHospital ChargesN%Mean $Median $TotalSum $%Rollover1,8125.74,430440 8,026,64610.4Single Vehicle Fixed Object4,55014.44,050485 18,426,36123.9Single Vehicle Non-fixed Object8912.83,302361 2,941,7823.8Multiple Vehicle Non Head-on23,51174.51,857333 43,660,85756.6Multiple Vehicle Head-on5241.75,615547 2,942,0813.8Other 1100.37,695889 401,1350.5Missing1760.68,501462 712,5210.9
* Body part injured is defined according to police report
Table 5. Hospital Charges by Body Part Injured* for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes in Nebraska, 1996-2000
Body Part InjuredPatientsHospital ChargesN%Mean $Median $TotalSum $%Head6,29119.92,98538818,779,74824.4Whole Body9963.210,73380610,689,65413.9Chest2,0136.43,7214847,491,3739.7Neck6,47520.51,0953337,092,4589.2Back3,22210.21,6193715,217,5696.8Abdomen7812.56,3146464,930,9346.4Lower Leg1,9276.12,3343464,497,9725.8Hip7032.26,2014684,359,5395.7Missing28579.01,2692663,621,6654.7Face1,9826.31,6823693,334,0634.3Unknown10873.42,5182842,737,0013.5Lower Arm1,7065.41,2843222,190,6162.8Shoulder1,5344.91,4143492,168,7922.8
Chart2
61154.46310.67
108944.66312.35
5937199.45314.7
3328565.1334.1
9432798.74329.07
5836569.81338.225
5295116.47362.5
13536700.05414.815
10043155.79456.465
12333938.77444.3
1488738.45441.84
2081472.48559.5
Total Charge
Median Charge
Posted Speed Limit
Total Hospital Charges ($)
Median Hospital Charges ($)
Total and Median Hospital Charges by Posted Speed Limit for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes, Nebraska, 1996-2000
Chart1
&A
Page &P
Chart1
61154.46310.67
108944.66312.35
5937199.45314.7
3328565.1334.1
9432798.74329.07
5836569.81338.225
5295116.47362.5
13536700.05414.815
10043155.79456.465
12333938.77444.3
1488738.45441.84
2081472.48559.5
&A
Page &P
Total Charge
Median Charge
Posted Speed Limit
Total Hospital Charges ($)
Median Hospital Charges ($)
Total and Median Hospital Charges by Posted Speed Limit for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes, Nebraska, 1996-2000
Chart3
0.06115446310.67
0.10894466312.35
5.93719945314.7
3.3285651334.1
9.43279874329.07
5.83656981338.225
5.29511647362.5
13.53670005414.815
10.04315579456.465
12.33393877444.3
1.48873845441.84
2.08147248559.5
&A
Page &P
Total Charge (Million)
Median Charge
Posted Speed Limit
Total Hospital Charges (Million)
Median Hospital Charges
Total and Median Hospital Charges by Posted Speed Limit for Patients Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes, Nebraska, 1996-2000
Sheet1
Speed LimitNumber of PatientsAverage ChargeTotal ChargeMedian ChargeTotal Charge (Million)Median Charge
15461329.461,1543110.06311
20196555.8108,9453120.11312
2543321370.55,937,1993155.94315
3023111440.33,328,5653343.33334
3570061346.49,432,7993299.43329
4026062239.75,836,5703385.84338
4522222383.05,295,1163635.30363
5035163850.013,536,70041513.54415
5521984569.210,043,15645610.04456
6025444848.212,333,93944412.33444
654283478.41,488,7384421.49442
754614515.12,081,4725602.08560
27866
SPDLIMITOUT
SPDLIMITINPATIENTPERINVAVECHRGMEDHOSPCHRGHOSPDAYSAVGDAYS
1511111461329.4447826087310.6761154.46
2011111196555.8401020408312.35108944.66
251111143321370.544656048314.75937199.45
301111123111440.3137602769334.13328565.1
351111170061346.3886297459329.079432798.74
401111126062239.6660821182338.2255836569.81
451111122222383.0407155716362.55295116.47
501111135163850.0284556314414.81513536700.05
551111121984569.2246542311456.46510043155.79
601111125444848.2463718554444.312333938.77
65111114283478.360864486441.841488738.45
75111114614515.1246854664559.52081472.48
27866
&A
Page &P
SummaryHospital Charges were higher for patients who wereMaleOlderUnrestrainedInvolved in alcohol-related crashesInvolved in crashes caused by driving left of center and speedingInvolved in multiple vehicle head on crashes
Summary (Continued)Patients with whole body injuries had the largest median hospital chargesPatients with head injuries accounted for the largest of the total hospital charges Median hospital charges generally increased as the posted speed limit increased
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