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Herpetology
Salamanders
Salamanders Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Amphibia Order: Caudata Family: Genus: Specific:
Family: Cryptobranchidae Eastern Hellbender
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis
5 toes on hind foot
Gill slits
Huge
Breathes from folds on sides
Family: Proteidae Common Mudpuppy
Necturus maculosus maculosus
External gills
Four toes on feet
Family: Salamandridae Red spotted Newt
Notophthalmus v. viridescens
Longitudinal ridge on head
No costal grooves
No nasolabial grooves
Family: Ambystomatidae1) Ambystoma barbouri Streamside Salamander2) Ambystoma texanum Small-mouthed Salamander3) Ambystoma jeffersonianum Jefferson Salamander4) Ambystoma maculatum Spotted Salamander5) Ambystoma opacumMarbled Salamander
Stream-side and Small Mouth Ambystoma barbouri
Found in Wayne county
Has a small mouth The barber by the
stream from Wayne Co.
Ambystoma texanum
Found in Wood county
Small mouth
A. texanum/A. barbouri Distribution
Stream-side SalamanderAmbystoma barbouri
Found in Wayne county
Has a small mouth
Black or brown color
Toes do not meet
Small-mouthed SalamanderAmbystoma texanum
Found in Wood, Mason counties
Small mouth
Toes do not meet
Black / brown color
Short face
Jefferson SalamanderAmbystoma
jeffersonianum
Has a flat head
Slender
Long long toes
Spotted SalamanderAmbystoma maculatum
Has spots
Dark color
2 rows of spots down back
Costal grooves
Chunky salamander
Marbled SalamanderAmbystoma opacum
Black and white hourglass spots on back
Chunky Monkey
Family: Plethodontidae
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Aneides
Green SalamanderAneides aeneus
Head is broad and flat
Toe tips are square and expanded
Slender
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Desmognathus
Northern Dusky SalamanderDesmognathus fuscus
Bottom lighter than belly
Spots on back random
Keeled tail
Distinct lines down sides
Seal SalamanderDesmognathus monticola
No strip at sides
Belly is pale
Keeled tail
Back is darker with scallop like spots
Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander Desmognathus
ochrophaeusLooks like 2 line but mouth
downward
Slender
Line from eye to mouth
Light line down back
Black-Bellied SalamanderDesmognathus
quadramaculatus
Costal grooves
Nasolabial grooves
Line from eye to mouth
Black body, brown head
Keeled tail
Black Mountain SalamanderDesmognathus welteri
Not on Lab Exam
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Gyrinophilus
Spring Salamanders Gyrinophilus p. porphyriticus
Northern Spring Salamander
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus duryi
Kentucky Spring Salamander
Gyrinophilus subterraneus
West Virginia Spring Salamander
Gyrinophilus Distribution
Spring Salamanders
Nasolabial grooves Central pedicel Line posterior from
eye toward back of body
Keel on tail Spots on back Lighter belly
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Hemidactylium
Four-toed SalamanderHemidactylium scutatum
Tail longer than body
Tail pinched at base
4:4 toes
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Eurycea
Two-Lined Salamanders Eurycea bislineata
Northern Two-lined Salamander
Eurycea cirrigera
Southern Two-lined Salamander
E. bislineata/E. cirrigera Distribution
Two-Lined Salamanders
Narrow black line down both sides
Light mid-dorsal strip Slender
Long-tailed SalamanderEurycea l. longicauda
Yellow in color
Spotted on back
Lateral black bars on the tail
No spots on belly
Tail longer than body
Cave SalamanderEurycea lucifuga
Tail longer than body
Irregular black spots and dashes
Big eyes
Slender
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Plethodon
Eastern Red-backed SalamanderPlethodon cinereus
Nasolabial grooves
Costal grooves
Large line down back
Spotted (salt and pepper) belly
Slender
Plethodon (large) Slimy Plethodon cylindraceus White-spotted Slimy Salamander Plethodon glutinosus Northern Slimy Salamander Plethodon kentucki
Cumberland Plateau Salamander
P. glutinosus Complex
Slimy Salamanders
Spots uniformly distributed along body
Lighter chin
Plethodon (small) Plethodon electromorphus
Northern Ravine Salamander Plethodon hoffmani
Valley and Ridge Salamander Plethodon nettingi
Cheat Mountain Salamander Plethodon richmondi
Southern Ravine Salamander Plethodon virginia
Shenandoah Mountain Salamander
Plethodon (small)
Small Slender Dark Bodies Worms with legs
Eastern Small Plethodon Complex
Plethodon (large) Plethodon wehrlei
Wehrle’s Salamander
Plethodon punctatus
Cow Knob Salamander
Wehrle’s or Cow Knob
Dark salamander Lighter throat White spots mainly
along sides (faint)
Cow Knob
P. werhlei/P. punctatus Distribution
Family: Plethodontidae
Genus: Pseudotriton
Midland Mud SalamanderPseudotriton montanus
diastictus
Nasolabial groove (faint)
Central pedicel
30 –40 spots scattered
Salmon, red color
Northern Red SalamanderPseudotriton r. ruber
Nasolabial grooves
Costal grooves
Irregular black dots (40+)
No spots at end of tail
Belly pale
Map of Counties of West Virginia
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