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GROUNDWATER IN JÚCAR RIVER BASIN
APLICATION OF WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
Teodoro Estrela
2
The Implementation Strategy of European WFD
B, F, N (Scheldt)D, F, Lux (Moselle-Sarre)Denmark (Odense)Finland (Oulujoki)Norway(Suldalsvassdraget)France (Marne)Ireland (Shannon)Greece (Pinios)Portugal (Guadiana)Spain (Júcar)Italy (Cecina, Tevere)Romania Hungary (Somos)CZ, D, PL (Neisse)UK (Ribble)
THE PILOT RIVER BASIN NETWORK
Delineation and initial characterisation of groundwater
bodies
Surface water(25%)Groundwater(75%)
Origin of water resources
3 600Water demand (hm3/year)3 300Water resources (hm3/year)
370 000Irrigated land (ha)
1 400 000Equivalent population due to tourism (inhabitants)
4 360 000Population (inhabitants)43 000Area (km2)
Delineation of groundwater bodies at Júcar RBD
GALICIA
PRINCIPADO DEASTURIAS
CANTABRIA
PAISVASCO
NAVARRA
ARAGON
CATALUÑA
VALENCIACASTILLA-LA MANCHA
MADRID
EXTREMADURA
ANDALUCIA
MURCIA
BALEARES
CANARIAS
LA RIOJA
CEUTA
MELILLA
CASTILLA-LEON
Júcar
•Delineation criteria established on national scale•79 groundwater bodies•Size ranges from 10 km2 to 6.289 km2 (mean value 513 km2)
Origin of water for irrigation
Well for groundwater abstraction in aquifers
Initial characterisation of groundwater bodies
Código Nombre Superficie (km2) Tipo Litología
Dependencia con
ecosistema acuático
Ecosistemas acuáticos
dependientes (ríos y zonas
húmedas) 080.001 HOYA DE ALFAMBRA 745.69 Libre Detrítico No
080.002 JAVALAMBRE OCCIDENTAL 608.70 Mixto Carbonatado No
080.003 JAVALAMBRE ORIENTAL 807.83 Mixto Carbonatado Sí Río Mijares
080.004 MAESTRAZGO OCCIDENTAL 865.53 Mixto Carbonatado No
080.005 PUERTOS DE BECEITE 376.75 Libre Carbonatado Sí Río Cenia 080.006 PLANA DE CENIA 246.50 Mixto Mixto No 080.007 PLANA DE VINAROZ 101.86 Libre Detrítico No
080.008 MAESTRAZGO ORIENTAL 2285.30 Mixto Carbonatado Sí Ramblas del Maestrazgo
080.009 PLANA DE OROPESA-TORREBLANCA 69.87 Libre Detrítico Sí
Prat de Cabanes -
Torreblanca
080.010 LUCENA-ALCORA 1105.46 Mixto Carbonatado Sí Río Villahermosa
080.011 HOYA DE TERUEL 607.26 Mixto Carbonatado No
080.012 ARQUILLO 180.29 Mixto Carbonatado Sí Río Guadalaviar
080.013 GEA DE ALBARRACÍN 152.77 Libre Carbonatado Sí Río Turia o Guadalaviar
Dependence with aquatic ecosystems (springs)
Inventory of springs
Algar Spring
Effect of human activity on groundwater bodies
Pressure-impact analysis
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
WITHOUT RISK
RISK ASSESSMENT
WATER BODIES
−With Sig. Pres.−Without Sig.Pres.−Without data
−Sure Impact−Probable Impact−Without impact−Without data
Identify Water Bodies
Identify significant pressures
Impact Analysis
Main pressures on groundwater bodies
Abstractions Diffuse pollution
Marine intrusion
Urban and industrial use
Use of fertilisers
Agricultural use
Use of pesticides
Groundwater abstractions near
the coast
Assessment of pressures due to abstractions
Abstraction (hm3/year)
Exploitation index = abstraction / available
resource
Available resource (hm3/year)
Pressure: diffuse pollution (excess of agricultural nitrogen and pesticides)
Modelling excess of agricultural nitrogen in the soil
Pesticides
C ultivos Gana do Estiércol
AGUA
N orgánico
N Mineral
(NO3, NH4)
Fert ilizan tes
Cosech a Fijación (N2)
Produc tos a ni males
Alimen tos
Vola tilización (NH3 )
Deposición a t mosférica
Lixiviación
Volatilización
Des ni trificación SUELO
ATMÓSFERA
Irrigación
Analysis of pressures due marine intrusion
Abstractions near the coast (hm3/year) Significant pressure due to marine intrusion
Pressures on groundwater
Excess of nitrogen in the
soil (kg/ha/year)
Saline intrusion of seawater
Pesticides applied on the soil (kg/ha/year)
Exploitation index
Groundwater bodies with significant global pressure
Fuentes de contaminación difusa
Código Nombre Índice de
explotación K>1
Fuentes de contamina
ción puntual Exceso
nitrógeno Pesticidas
Intrusión marina
Presión global
significativa
080.001 HOYA DE ALFAMBRA No No No No No No
080.002 JAVALAMBRE OCCIDENTAL No No No No No No
080.003 JAVALAMBRE ORIENTAL No No No No No No
080.004 MAESTRAZGO OCCIDENTAL No No No No No No
080.005 PUERTOS DE BECEITE No No No No No No
080.006 PLANA DE CENIA No No Sí Sí No Sí
080.007 PLANA DE VINAROZ Sí No Sí Sí Sí Sí
080.008 MAESTRAZGO ORIENTAL No No No No No No
080.009 PLANA DE OROPESA-
TORREBLANCA No No Sí No Sí Sí
080.010 LUCENA-ALCORA No No No No No No
080.011 HOYA DE TERUEL No No No No No No
080.012 ARQUILLO No No No No No No
Sure impact
Groundwater bodies with provisional overexploitation declaration
Groundwater bodies with chemical sure impact: nitrate> 50 mg/l
Quantitative probable impactGroundwater bodies with
significant water level decreases
Piezómetro 08.29.036 -
595,2615,2635,2655,2675,2
janv
-74
janv
-77
janv
-80
janv
-83
janv
-86
janv
-89
janv
-92
janv
-95
janv
-98
janv
-01
janv
-04
M.S
.N.M
Piezómetro 08.34.003 -
650,9
660,9
670,9
680,9
ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju ju
M.S
.N.M
Piezómetro 08.40.004 -
442,9452,9462,9472,9482,9492,9
janv
-81
janv
-84
janv
-87
janv
-90
janv
-93
janv
-96
janv
-99
janv
-02
janv
-05
M.S
.N.M
Probable impact:Characterisation of quantitative status
Improvements on the monitoring network
Water level monitoring network (year 2005)
130 control points
Improved water level monitoring network (under construction)
287 control points
Nitrate Conductivity
Ammonium
Water quality monitoring networks (150 control points) are used to define chemical status of groundwater bodies
Chemical status
Conductivity
Ammonium
Probable impact:Characterisation of chemical status
Nitrate
Nitrate Conductivity
Probable impact: map of chemical status
AmmoniumChemical Status
Combination of pressures and impacts to define risk not to reach EO
IMPACTRISK
SURE PROBABLE NO IMPACT NO DATA
SIGNIFICATIVE HIGH LOW MEDIUM
NO SIGNIFICATIVE
NULL LOW
PRES
SUR
E
NO DATA
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW NOT ALLOWED
GW at risk of not to reach environmental objectives
Risk Number og GW Percentage High 29 36,7%
Medium 6 7,6% Low 28 35,4% Null 16 20,3%
% Groundwater body at risk as consequences of pressures due to: Sure Risk
(SR)
Risk on Study (ROS)
1 Diffuse pollution: fertilizers 15,19% (12) 2,53% (2) 2 Diffuse pollution: pesticides 15,19% (12) 5,06% (4) 3 Abstractions 29,11% (23) 0% (0) 4 Marine intrusion 10,13% (8) 0% (0)
GW at risk of not to reach environmental objectives
Further characterisation of groundwater bodies
Further Groundwater Body characterization
Initial characterization ofInitial characterization ofGround Waters BodiesGround Waters Bodies
WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVEArt. 5 & Annex II
Poor Status confirmed
NoRisk of failing to meet the Env. Objectives
Further characterizationFurther characterization
a) Location & rates of abstractionsb) Location & rates of dischargesc) Chemical compositiond) Land use
Optimize monitoring program
Optimize program of measures
Art. 8
Art. 11
Further characterisation: Case study of ManchaOriental Aquifer
Irrigated area
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Year
Abs
trac
tions
(hm
3/ye
ar)
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
Irri
gate
d su
rpha
ces
(ha)
Volume irrigated surphace
Development of mathematical models
08.29.056
610615620625630635640645650655
0 10 20 30 40 50 60añ os
m
Calculada Observada
08 .29 .03 2
610620630640650660670680690
0 10 20 30 40 50 60a ños
m
Calculada Observada
08 .29 .04 8
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
a ños
m
C alculada Observada
Modelling Mancha Oriental aquifer
Salidas al río. Simulación en régimen transitorio.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
hm3
R. Alterado R. Natural DetracciónJúcar river near “Los Frailes”
1974 -2001
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