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Genetics
DNA is found in the nucleus!
DNADeoxyribonucleic Acid
Structure of DNA
Double-Helix shape (Spiral Ladder)
The sides are made of sugar (deoxyribose)
“-ose” means sugar
The rungs are made of 4 different kinds of nitrogen bases.
A bonds with TG bonds with C
What matches with…
AAATTTGGGCCC?
What matches with…
AAATTTGGGCCCTTTAAACCCGGG
James Watson and Francis Crick
• Two scientists credited for discovering DNA
The helix shape was actually discovered by a woman,
Rosalind Franklin.
Chromosome
Is coiled up DNA
Like coiled up yarn
Chromosome
AAATTTGGGCCC
TTTAAACCCGGG
DNA Strand
Chromosome
ChromosomesCome in pairs!
Chromosome
Pair
DadMom
Why Pairs?
23 Kinds of Chromosomes
23 pairs of Chromosomes
46 Chromosomes total
True or False: Chromosomes in every nucleus in the body are identical.
True!Eachnucleushasanidenticalsetofchromosomes.
Smallest structural and functional unit of an organism
Central Organelle Coiled DNA
Carrier of genetic information
Individual bases that pair up to cause genes
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