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Galactic Address, Galaxies, and Stars
There’s no place like home…
• www.Googlemaps.com
• Powers of Ten video
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEuEx1jnt0M
• What is your galactic address?
Galactic Address
• Name• Room 226• Cinnaminson Middle
School• Cinnaminson• Burlington County• New Jersey• United States of
America
• North America• Northern
Hemisphere• Earth• Solar System• Milky Way Galaxy• Local Group• Virgo Supercluster• Universe
Galaxies
• A large group of stars (million+), gas, and dust held together by gravity.
4 shapes of galaxies
• Spiral-normal
• Spiral-barred
• Elliptical
• Irregular
Spiral - Normal
Elliptical
The Milky Way
What happens when galaxies collide?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOLJXNM4C8k&feature=relatedPower of Ten – Again!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMLPJqeW78Q
What is a star?
What is a star?
• A star is an object in space that produces its own light and heat through nuclear reactions.
Size of Stars• Stars can be as small as Earth or as large
as the orbit of Jupiter. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEheh1BH34Q
Surface Features
Surface Features
• Sunspots - cooler, darker areas.
Surface Features
• Flares – erupting columns of gas caused by sunspots.
Surface Features
• Prominences - arching columns of gas
Prominences
Not the actual location of Earth
Surface Features
• Coronal Mass Ejections (CME’s) – electrically charged particles sent towards Earth.
CME’s
• Can disrupt radio, satellite, and phone use.
• Also causes auroras to occur.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/0304/02.html
http://spaceweather.com/swpod2011/22sep11/media.mp4
CME’s
• Earth’s magnetic field helps protect us from the CME’s.
http://missionscience.nasa.gov/sun/sunVideo_04magnetosphere.html
Constellations
What is this constellation?
Cassiopeia
Constellations
• Constellations are patterns of stars in the sky.
• Stars are organized into 88 constellations.
Constellations
• Constellations can help identify directions in the sky and time of year.
Constellations
• Constellations also may tell a story.
Star Classification
Observe a candle flame
• What colors do you notice?
• Why are there different colors?
• How does a candle look up close? Far away?
Classification
• Stars are organized by temperature and brightness.
Temperature
• Hot stars are blue-white
• Cool stars are red-yellow
H-R Diagram
• H-R Diagram - a chart used to classify stars based on temperature and absolute magnitude (brightness).
temperature
brig
htne
ss
hot cool
dim
bright
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