Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Chair Agricultural...

Experimental analysis for optimization of separation of grain and MOG at separator with elliptical trajectories and a big axis in vertical direction

Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Optimierung der Korn-Stroh-Trennung am Hordenschüttler unter Verwendung elliptischer Bahnkurven mit einer großen Achse in vertikaler Richtung

Jörg Bernhardt, Thomas Herlitzius, Robert Bühlmeier, Hubert Korte

VDI-MEG Kolloquium Mähdrescher, Hohenheim, 12./13. September 2013

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Chair Agricultural Systems and Technology

September 13, 2013 Slide 2VDI-MEG Kolloquium Mähdrescher

Content

1. Definition of project

2. Theoretical assessment

3. Test stand and configuration

4. Test versions

5. Test results

6. Prospect

7. Summary

Definition of project

� performance of combines with tangential separation and straw walker is smaller than

performance of combines with rotary separation

� straw walker is performance limiting function unit

effective performance

power requirement

straw quality

conventional hybrid

parameter of grain / MOG mixture- conveying velocity- material densitymaterial height- transfer of impact force into grain MOG mixture

� separation depends on parameters of grain MOG mixture!

machine parameterdesign parameter- radius, speed of crank shaft- length, width of separator- …operating parameters- total / MOG performance- optional auxiliary equipment…

walker aid (active driven)- multi finger separation system, intensive separation system (Claas)

- power separator (John Deere)- …

excitation of grain MOG mixturecircular path vs.alternative trajectories

material parameter- ratio of grain and MOG- straw length- grain / MOG moisture- green material inside straw- material type

analyzed in literature�further increase of

performance is not expected

influencing of grain separation:

� walker aid for reducing compactness of grain MOG mixture

� optimization of design and operating parameters

just few information in literature

�further increase of performance is expected

analyzed in literature�further increase of

performance is not expected

influencing of grain separation:

� walker aid for reducing compactness of grain MOG mixture

� changing of excitation of grain MOG mixture by separator

� optimization of design and operating parameters

intention of analysis

�� determination of parameters of grain straw mixture that result from different trajectories and determination of their influence on grain separation

Theoretical assessment

80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Drehzahl n[min-1]

] K=3,3

John Deere

FortschrittClaas

Wechselwurf

Einfach-wurf

New Holland

crank shaft speed n [rpm]

� requirement for optimal grain separation:

� combination of crank shaft radius and speed is located in area of “Einfachwurf”

gr 2K ⋅

� influence of conveying speed at constant acceleration or influence of acceleration at constant conveying speed by changing of crankshaft radius

possible

� BUT! high effort

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1

Fördergeschwindigkeit vF [m/s]

²] vF evaluation:

KF r60

nv ⋅⋅=

rK=10mm

rK=30mm

rK=70mm

speed range:n=140...260 rpm

conveying velocity [m/s]

rK=50mm

separator

machine parametersknown, constant

Material parametersunknown, non-constant

grain- MOG- mixture(constant material parameter)

MOG + grain loss

separated grain

parameter

grain- MOG- mixture

densitymaterial height

conveying velocityacceleration

separation process

� principal characteristic known

� actual characteristic depends on machine (known) and material parameters

(unknown)

� tests are necessary

possible combinations

bymax > bxmax bymax = bxmax bymax < bxmax

vF > vF-KB vF = vF-KB vF < vF-KB

realized by circular path

� assumption: grain separation can be increased by increasing separating force

� start lab tests with trajectories with a big axis in vertical direction (red marked

combination)

� objective: improvement in performance of 10 % with 1 % grain loss compared to

circular path

max. acceleration at x- directionmax. acceleration at y- direction

bxmax…bymax…

conveying velocity of circular pathvF-KrB…

conveying velocityvF…legend

Test stand and configuration

area of visual inspection

header+

feeder house

threshing unit

curtain

straw walker

separation classes

750 rpm600 mm

speed of threshing drumdiameter of threshing drum

14mm; 10mm; 7mmconcave clearances

3,1 m/s425 rpm

conveying speed at feeder housespeed of driving shaft of feeder house

204 rpmspeed of intake auger

2,8 m/sconveyor belt speed of feeding equipment

valueconstant parameters

feeding equipment

trajectory linkage

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10y

connection of straw walker

extender wheel

� setting range of γ {0°…20°}

� shaft centre distance: 700mm

4 driving shaft

5 transition frame

5 main frametrajectory linkage

ϕ=const.

grain / MOG-mixture

straw walker

BA ⋅=∑⋅

BFvhgesm

ρ⋅⋅

- digital camera- conveying speed- material height

- grain loss

- electronic scale- grain mass

- total mass

measurement equipmentmeasured variable

Test versions

47,7...64,922,9...31,1240…2807547149EB-V36,1...50,420,9...29,2220…2607567137EB-IV25,7...3719,9...28,6200…24080EB-III31,5...4423,5...32,8220…26075EB-II26,5...44,718,5...31,4220…26085

85120EB-I

max. acceleration x-direction y-direction[m/s²] [m/s²]

speed range[rpm]

pitch [°]

smallaxis[mm]

bigaxis[mm]

circular path

EB-I EB-II EB-III EB-IV EB-V

0,4 0,45 0,5 0,55 0,6 0,65 0,7Fördergeschwindigkeit [m/s]

]_ KrB

EB-III

Test results - speed test -

240 rpm

]_ KrB

EB-III

Test results- speed test -

240 rpm

220 rpm

260 rpm

x- coordinate [m]

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

Weg in x Richtung [m]

]_ KrB

EB-III

240 rpm220 rpm260 rpm

x- coordinate [m]

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

]_ KrB

EB-III

EB-V220 rpm

200 rpm240 rpm

x- coordinate [m]

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

EB-III

]_ KrB

EB-III

240 rpm

220 rpm260 rpm

250 rpm

x- coordinate [m]

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

]_ KrB

EB-III

� target MOG throughput of 25 t/h

� standardization of 25t/h necessary because of fluctuating of ratio between grain and MOG

� range of optimal conveying velocity between 0,5 and 0,6 m/s

� grain loss of EB-II and EB-III is lower than grain loss of circular path

260 rpm

240 rpm

280 rpm

x- coordinate [m]

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

Test results- comparison of parameters -

� density of EB-II and EB-III is slightly higher than density of circular path

� similar material thickness of all tested trajectories

Comparison of parameters of grain MOG deposit at conveying velocity of 0,6 m/sgr

ity [k

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

1012141618

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

Comparison of parameters of grain MOG deposit at conveying velocity of 0,6 m/s

� tendency visible that grain loss becomes smaller with:

� smaller number of impulse

� smaller acceleration in x- and y- direction

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

10152025303540

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

01020304050607080

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

Comparison of parameters of grain MOG deposit at conveying velocity of 0,6 m/s

� product of distance in x- and y- direction of adjacent straw walkers correlate with

grain loss

� grain loss becomes smaller with larger product of distance in x- and y- direction

distance of adjacent straw walkers

product of distance in x-and y- direction

EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

0,000,02

0,040,060,080,10

0,120,14

EB-V KrBEB-IEB-IIEB-II

0,008EB-V KrB

EB-IEB-IIEB-II

� grain separation of EB-II is better than grain separation of circular path for different

MOG throughput

� increase of MOG throughput of 4,4 % for 1% grain loss (repeatable)

� BUT! Increased performance limited because the effect of material parameters at

separation could not be tested sufficiently in lab.

Test results- MOG throughput loss characteristic -

-0.08 -0.04 0 0.04 0.08-0.08

Weg in x-Richtung [m]

MOG throughput [t/h]

x- coordinate [m]

18 20 22 24 26 28 30NKB-Durchsatz [t/h]

KrB-240EB-II-220

Prospect

material parametermachine parameter

grain loss

size of trajectory + pitch of trajectory

effect of optional auxiliary equipment / walker aid

- length, width, pitch- drop step- offset of straw walkers

effect of terrain(longitudinal-, lateral inclination)

ratio of grain and MOG

length of straw

moisture of grain and MOG

amount of green material

kind of material

effect of speed

analysis requiredanalyzed analysis not required

� a lot of parameters need to be analyzed in field tests

� field tests not useful for trajectory EB-II � a significant performance improvement is necessary

(minimum 10%)

Summary

� 5 different trajectories were tested in lab

� achieved performance improvement is less than 5% compared to circular path

� further studies are necessary to achieve required performance improvement of 10%

� planned tests: tests with big axis in horizontal direction

� simplification of drive kinematic is necessary to integrate the drive into the machine

and to reduce costs

� grain separation is influenced by:

� interaction of all parameters of grain MOG mixture

� bulking of grain MOG mixture by relative movement of adjacent straw walkers

� elliptical trajectories have a speed where grain loss is minimal

Summary

� increasing number of impulses has no advantage

� reduction of number of impulses is advantageous to improve the migration of the

kernels

� separation force in x- and y- direction is needed for separation process

� lab tests show a tendency that lower accelerations in y- direction are favorable for

grain separation at a constant density

Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

Thank you foryour attention !

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Chair Agricultural...

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