Exercise 1: An Overview of ArcMap and ArcCatalog€¦ · feature, its type and thumbnail if it...

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Exercise1:AnOverviewofArcMapandArcCatalogIntroduction:“ArcGISisanintegratedcollectionofGISsoftwareproductsforbuildingacompleteGIS.ArcGISenablesuserstodeployGISfunctionalitywhereveritisneeded—indesktops,servers,orcustomapplications;overtheWeb;orinthefield.”DesktopArcGISconsistsoftwomajorcomponents:ArcMap,whichallowsyoutodisplayandanalyzespatialdata,andArcCatalogwhichallowsyoutomanageyourfiles.Thefollowingexerciseprovidesstep-by-stepinstructionsfordoingbasictasksandsolvingsimpleproblemsinArcGIS.LifewithArcGISissimplerifyoukeepallofyourdatafilesinonefolder.IstronglyrecommendthatyouuseaflashdriveandcreateaCOS120folderonthedrive,andunderthatafolderforeachexerciseandoneforeachtwo-weekassignment. Flashdrive COS120 Exercise1 Exercise2 etc.Questionswillappearthroughoutthelab.Theseareintendedtomakeyouthinkaboutsomethingimportant.Procedures:ThinkofArcCatalogasawindowexplorer.InArcCatalog,youcanbrowse,organize,distribute,anddocumentyourGISdata.ArcCatalogresemblesMicrosoftWindowsExplorerbutisdesignedforviewinggeographicdatabases,maps,andmetadata.1. DownloadandextractthedataforExercise1fromtheclasswebsite

(http://umaine.edu/computingcoursesonline/cos120/).

2. FromtheStartmenu,selectPrograms->ArcGIS->ArcCatalog10TheArcCatalogwindowpopsup.Thewindowisdividedintotwoparts.Theleftpartisthecatalogtree,andliststheconnectionsyoucanmake.Therighthandsidehasthreetabs,Contents,Preview,Description.

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ConnecttoaFolder:

3. FindtheConnecttoFoldericononthetoolbaratthetop.Clickonthisbuttontoconnecttoafolder.NavigatetoyourCOS120,Ex_1folderandclickOKinthesmallpopupwindow

3. ThecontentsoftheEx_1folderaredisplayedinthepanelontheright.Youcanselect anyitemheretoseemoreinformationaboutthedatasetorthecontentofthefolderon therightsideofthewindow,byselectingafileintheCatalogTreeandthedifferenttabs intheright-handpanel.Theinformationmaynotbecompleteforallfiles,anissuethat willbeaddressedlaterinthecourse.

4. ExploretheEx_01dataset,andlookatthesymbologyintherightwindow.Thereare

a. ArcInfocoverages(notethefolders),b. agridfile(arasterdataset)

c. adbf(database)file,and

Up one level

Connect to folder

Disconnect folder

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d. shapefiles.

Notethedifferenticonsforthedifferentfiletypes.ArcInfocoverageareaproprietaryfiletype,andarecomposedofseveralfolders,eachcontainingmultiplefiles.Bocks_2000andwaterbodiesarepolygonfiles,streetsisalinefileandhospitalsisapointfile.Shapefilesareagenericfiletypeandconsistsofaminimumofthreefiles,eachhavingthesamefilenamewithadifferentextension.Thethreerequiredextensionsare:.shp(storesthegeometry),.shx(aspatialindexfile)and.dbf.(storestheattributetables).Penobscot_TownsandthePenobscot_Riverarepolygonfiles,railsisalinefileandschoolsisapointfile

5. Clickonthe+signnexttotheblocks2000layer.ThisArcInfocoverageiscomposedofanarcfile(line),alabelfile,apolygonfileandaticfile(point).Allcoveragesarecomposedof multiplefiles,andshouldonlybemanipulated(copied,movedorrenamed)inArcCatalog.

6. Nextselecttheschoolslayer.

a. VerifythattheContentstabisactive.Thiswindowdisplaysthenameofthe feature,itstypeandthumbnailifitexists. b. ClickthePreviewtab.ThePreviewwindowletsyoupreviewthedataset.Ifthe dropdownboxatthebottomoftheright-panelissettoGeography,youwill previewthemapfile.IfitissettoTable,youwillpreviewtheattributesofthe file. c. NowclickontheDescriptiontab.

7. ClickontheEditicon

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Thisallowsyoutocreateoralterthedescription.WhencreatingaGISproject,youshouldenteralloftherequiredinformation,toensuretheusefulnessoftheprojectovertime.

8. Previewthegeographyofapolygon,alineandapointfiletype.

ManagedatawithArcCatalog:ArcCatalogallowsyoutoperformdatamanagementtaskssuchascreatingnewfoldersanddoingcopyandpasteoperations,aswellasrenamingfiles.AlthoughyoucanperformtheseoperationsonshapefilesusingWindowsExplorer,coveragesandgeodatabasescannotbemanagedoutsideofArcCatalog..

1. Right-clickontheEx_01folderinyourdocumentsfolder.2. Right-clickonPenobscot_MCD(minorcivildivisions)andchooseRename.Renameitas

Penobscot_Towns.IntroducingArcMap:ArcMapisthemainapplicationfordatadisplay,dataquery,anddataoutput.YoucanworkwithArcCatalogandArcMaptogetherformovingdatafromArcCatalog.Youcan

launchArcMapfromtheStartmenu,orfromtheLaunchArcMapbuttoninArcCatalog.YoucanalsolaunchArcCatalogfromwithinArcMap1. LaunchArcMapandchoose“Anewemptymap”fromthedialogboxandclickOK.Thiswill

displaytheinterfaceoftheArcMapapplication.Atthetoppartofthewindowisamenubarandtwotoolbars.Atthelowerpart,ArcMapcomeswithtwopartsonthescreentheTableofContents(TOC)atleftandthedisplayareaatright.ThereareseveralimportantthingstoknowaboutArcMap:• First,associatedwithArcMapisatoolbar,whichincludessuchtoolsasZoomin,Zoom

out,Pan,SelectElementsandIdentify.

Atoolbarcanbemovedbygrabbingthe"perforations"onthefarleft,anmovingittothedesiredposition..ThisisanoptionwithallArcMaptoolbars.Whenyouholdthe

Zoom Tools Pan Zoom To Full Extent Select Element

Identify

Find

Pan Zoom Tools

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mousepointoveratool(agraphicicon),ashortmessagecalledaToolTipappearsinafloatingyellowboxtotellyouthefunctionofthetool.• Second,ArcMaphastwoviews:DataViewandLayoutView(thebuttonsforthetwo

viewsarelocatedatthebottomleftoftheviewwindow).TheDataviewisforviewingdata,whereastheLayoutviewisforviewingthemapproductforprintingandplotting.

• Third,ArcMaporganizesdatasetsintoframes.Whenyoustartanewproject,thereisadefaultdataframecalledLayers.Eachdataframecontainsdatasetsmadeofshapefiles,grids,andcoverages,andtospatiallyregisterthemwithoneanother,thesedatasetsshouldbebasedonthesamecoordinatesystem.However,ArcMaphastheabilityto“reprojectonthefly”aslongasthecoordinatesystemforthedatahasbeendefined.Ifoneormoreofthedatasetsinadataframedonothaveprojectioninformation,ArcMapwilldisplayawarningmessageaboutthemissinginformationandusethefirstavailableprojectioninformationforthedisplay.

• WheneveryouworkwithArcMap,youareworkingwithamapdocument.Amapdocumenthasthe.mxdfileextension.Thisisjustatextdocumentthattellsthesoftwarewhattoload.

ConnecttoYourExerciseFolder

1. ClickontheConnecttoFoldericon.NoticethattheiconisthesameasinArcCatalog.

2. NavigatetoyourEx_1folder.SettingtheWorkspace1. IntheGeoprocessingMenuselectEnvironments->Workspace2. ClickontheBrowsebuttonandconnecttoyourCOS120_Ex_1folder3. SetboththeCurrentWorkspaceandtheScratchWorkspacetoyourEx_1folder.Thisensuresthatanynewfileyoucreategetssavedinthatfolderandyouwon'thaveto"huntforit"later.Remembertodothiseachtimeyoustartanewproject.

Note:Itisagoodhabit,togiveyourprojectanameandsaveitassoonasyoustart.ArcMapdoesautomatic“saves”,ifthesoftwarestopsworkingandyouhavetorestart,itwillopentothestateofthelastsave.WhenyouexitArcMap,itautomaticallysavestheproject.Whenyoureopentheprojectitwillopentowhereyouleftoff

ExploreFeatureLayers:1. FromtheFilemenu,saveyourprojectwithanappropriatename.

Data Layout Refresh Pause View View View Drawing

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2. FromtheFilemenu,selectMapDocumentProperties,andputacheckmarknextto“StoreRelativePathnamestoDataSources”.

Note:ArcGISgenerallyprovidesmultiplewaysofaccomplishingasingletask.Youwillexperiencethisasweadddatatoyourproject.3. UsetheAddDatatooltoaddthefollowingdatasetstoyourmap(youcanaddthem

allatonce,byholdingdownthecontrolkeyasyouselectthem):• Penobscot_Towns• Waterbodies• Rails• Streets• Blocks_20004. YoucanalsoadddatabydragginganddroppingfromArcCatalog.ClickontheCatalog

tabontherightside.FindtheschoolslayerinArcCataloganddragittotheArcMapdisplay.

5. FromtheFilemenu,selectAddData>AddDataandselectthehospitalslayer.YoushouldnowhavesevenlayersdisplayedinArcMap.

6. ArcMapdisplayspointfilesontop,linefilesinthemiddle,andarea/polygonfilesonthebottom.Thebottomoneisdrawnfirst,andthetoponeisdrawnlast.Youcanarrangetheorderofthelayersbyclickingandholdingonthedatalayeranddragittotheplacewewant.VerifythattheDisplaytabatthebottomoftheTOCisactive.Dragtheraillayerbelowthestreetlayer.Putthewaterbodiesbelowthelinefeatures,followedbyPenobscot_Towns,thenBlocks_2000onthebottom.Hospitalsshouldbeontop,followedbyschools.

7. Clickonthecheckboxnexttothestreetslayer.Thedrawingisturnedonwhentheboxischecked,andoffwhenitisnot

DisplayaLayerUsingItsAttributes

1. Wewanttodisplaythewaterbodiesinalightbluecolorwithadarkeroutline.a. Todothis,left-clickontheboxwithfilledcolortobringupthesymbolselector

windowb. Scrolldowntofind“LakeBlue”c. Wewanttooutlinethelakewithadarkerblue.

i. ClickonthearrowtotherightoftheOutlinecolortorevealmorecolorchoices.

ii. Clickondarkblue.d. ClickOKtoapplythesecolorchanges.

2. Right-clickonthesymbolforschools.a. ChooseProperties>Symbology.b. Left-clickonthesymboltobringuptheSymbolSelector.c. ClickonStyleReferencesandplaceacheckmarkonArcGISExplorerandclickOK.

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d. Nowscrolldownandsearchfor“School”.e. Setthesymbolsizeto10.f. ClickOK.

3. Clickonthehospitalsymbolandsearchforhospital.a. ScrolldowntoCivicandselectHospital1b. Setthesizeto10.

4. Makethestreetseitheradarkgrayorblack.5. Usethearailroadsymbolforrailsandusethedefaultcolor.

WewanttodisplaythePenobscot_Townsinagraduatedcolorbasedonpopulation.6. Right-clickonthePenobscot_Townslayernameandchoosepropertiesfromthemenu.

a. ClicktheSymbologytab.b. Intheboxontheleft(labeledShow),clickQuantities->GraduatedColors.c. Usethedrop-downValueboxtochoosethefieldSumPOP00.d. UsetheColorRampdrop-downboxtochooseagreentcolorramp.ClickOKto

producethemap.

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IdentifyGeographicFeatures1. Youcanexamineaparticularfeature’sdatabyusingtheIdentifytool.2. UsetheZoomintoolanddrawaboxaroundsomebodyofwatertozoominonit.3. ClickontheIdentifytoolopentheIdentifyResultsdialogbox.OncetheIdentify

Resultsdialogboxhasopened,youcanswitchlayersbyfromthedropdownbox.ChangethelayertoPenobscot_Towns,andusetheIdentifytoolonthesamebodyofwater.

4. ChangethelayertoVisiblelayers(thesearethelayersthataredrawnon)andclickonthesamebodyofwater.

5. Clickonthe+signnexttoPenobscot_Towns.Q1. WhatistheadvantageofchoosingAllLayersasopposedtoaspecificlayer?6. ClosetheIdentifyResultsdialogbox.7. Zoomtofullextent.FindingGeographicFeaturesTheFindtoolisahandywaytoseekafeature.Itwilllookforfeatureshavingaspecifiedstringacrossallofthelayersinamaporinanindividuallayer.Itcanalsosearchallfieldsorconfinethe searchtoasingle field.1. Click

the Findtooltobring uptheFind

dialogbox.

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2. MakesuretheFeaturestabisclickedsothatitisactive.3. EnterthenamePushaw.ChooseeitherAllLayers(alllayerswillbesearched)or

waterbodies(onlythislayerwillbesearched).4. ClickFind.5. Whenthefeaturehasbeenfound,choosePushawLakefromthelistandright-clickonits

nameandchooseSelectfeature.Notewhathappens6. Right-clickagainandchooseZoomtofeature(s).7. Right-clickonceagainandchooseUnselectFeature.8. ClickontheZoomtoFullExtentbuttontoreturntothepreviousextent.9. Experimentwithfindingacoupleofmorefeatures.Whendone,clicktheCancelboxto

closetheFindwindow.ExperimentingwiththeZoomingButtons1. Uncheckthestreetslayersoitwillnotbevisible.2. ClicktheZoomIntool.Placethecursorintheupperlefthandcornerofoneofthe

towns)inPenobscotCounty(Penobscot_Towns)andclickandhold.Continueholdingthemousebuttondownanddragaboxaroundthetown.Whenfinishedwiththebox,letgoofthemousebutton.

3. ClickonthecornerofthePenobscot_Townsandnoticethattheviewzoomsinand

placesthepointyouclickedatthecenter.TheZoomOuttollworksthesameway.4. ClickonthePantool,thenclickanddisplayinsidethemapwindowtomovethe

maparound.Whenyoureleasethemousebutton,themapredraws.

TIP: If you do not like the area you have chosen, or if you make a mistake, click the Previous Extent button to return to the original extent. You can use the Next Extent to move back the other way.

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5. ClicktheZoomOutCenterbuttonafewtimestozoomout,noticethatthecenterstaysput.6. ClicktheZoomInCenterbuttonafewtimestoreversetheprocess.7. ZoomtoFullExtent.8. Putacheckmarknexttothestreetslayersoitwillbedrawn.

BookmarksBookmarksprovideahandywaytozoomintoextentsthatyouusefrequently,orthatyouwantotherstobeabletofindeasily.1. FindBangorinthePenobscot_Townslayerandzoomtothefeature.2. Fromthemenubar,selectBookmarksthenCreate.3. Type“Bangor”intheboxtonamethebookmark.4. ReturntoFullExtent.5. FromthemenuchooseBookmarks->Bangortousethenewbookmarktozoomin.6. UseBookmarks->Managetoexamineorremovebookmarks.ExamineotherAttributeInformation1. Right-clickonthePenobscot_TownslayerintheTOC,andchooseOpenAttributeTable.

TheattributetableassociatedwiththePenobscot_Townslayerdisplays.EachrecordrepresentsanindividualfeatureinthePenobscot_Townslayer.

Q2. Howmanyrecords/rowsarethereinthePenobscot_Townslayer?(Hint:Lookatthebottomofthetablewindow?)

Q3. Howmanyattributes/columnsarethereinthePenobscot_Townlayer?YoucanusetheStatisticscommandtocalculatebasicstatisticsaboutalloftherecords(ifnoneareselected),oroftheselectedrecords.2. Inthetable,right-clickonthenameoftheSum_POP00(populationin2000)fieldand

chooseStatisticsfromthecontextmenu.3. Examinethestatisticsandthefrequencydiagram.Q4.WhatwasthetotalpopulationofPenobscotCountyin2000?

4. Explorethebuttonsatthebottomoftheattributetable.Whenfinished,closetheattribute

table.5. Fromthemenubar,chooseSelection->SelectbyAttributes.UsetheQueryWizardto

“Createanewselection”onthe“Penobscot_Towns”layer.Createthefollowingquery:"NAME"='Bangor',bydouble-clicking“NAME”,single-clicking“=”anddouble-clicking“Bangor”.IfBangorisnotinitiallydisplayedinthelistofPenobscot_Towns,clickontheGetUniqueValuesbutton.ClickOK.TheselectedPenobscot_Townsishighlighted,butdependinguponwhereyouarezoomedin,itmaynotbevisible.

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FromtheSelectionmenu,chooseZoomtoSelectedfeatures,tozoomintoBangor.

6. OpentheAttributetableforPenobscot_Towns.Atthebottomofthetablewindow,chooseShowSelected.OnlytherecordforBangorwillbedisplayed.

Q5.WhatwasthepopulationofBangorin2000?7. ReturntoFullExtent,butleaveBangorselectedforthenextsection.Selectfeaturesusingspatialrelationships(thisisaSpatialQuery)WewanttoselectalloftheschoolswithinthecityofBangor.1. FromtheSelectionmenuchooseSelectbyLocation

a. SelectthefeaturesofSchoolsthatarecompletelywithinthefeaturesinthePenobscot_Townslayer.

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b. Checkthe“Useselectedfeaturesbox”.c. ClickOK.

2. Opentheschoolsattributetabletoseehowmanywereselected.3. ClickontheSelectedbuttontoseejustthelistofschoolsthatarewithinBangor.

Q6. Howmanyschoolswereselected?

4. HoldthecursorovertheiconsatthetopoftheattributetabletofindtheClearSelection

icon.Clickonitandclosetheattributetable.5. NextselecttheBlocks_2000thatarecontainedwithinBangor.6. ExaminetheStatisticsofthePOP00fieldoftheselectedrecords?Q7. Accordingtothistable,whatwasthepopulationofBangorin2000?

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Q8.Whymightthesameinformationintwodifferenttablesbedifferent?Q9.Howmightyoudeterminewhichvalueisthecorrectone,orifneitheriscorrect?7. FromtheToolBar,chooseClearSelectedfeaturestodeselectBangorandtheBlocksit

contains..8. ZoomtothefullextentLabelMapFeaturesandMapTips.Inthisstepwewilllabelfeaturesonamapandaddmaptips.Amaptipisawaytoseeattributeinformationaboutafeaturewhenyouputamouseoverafeature.1. IntheTOCright-clickonthePenobscot_TownsandchoosePropertiestobringuptheLayer

Propertiesdialogbox.2. ClickontheLabelstabtosetlabelingproperties.3. ChecktheLabelfeaturesinthislayerbox.4. Clickthedrop-downlistintheLabelFieldandchooseName,thevaluewewanttouseto

labelthefeature.Setthefontsizeto14.5. However,ifwelabelallofthePenobscot_Townswhenwearezoomedtofullextent,the

mapwillbeunreadable,sowewillsetthelabeltoonlybevisiblewhenwezoomin.a. ClickontheScaleRangebuttontoopentheScaleRangedialogboxb. Select“Don’tshowlabelswhenzoomed”c. Outbeyond1:500000.d. ClickOk.

6. ClickOK.7. Right-clickPenobscot_TownsagainandchooseLabelFeatures.8. Zoomintothemapuntilthelabelsappear.9. IfthelabelforBangorisnotvisible,itmaybenecessarytochangethecolorofthelabels.

a. RightclickonPenobscot_Townsb. ChooseProperties->Labels.c. ChooseadifferentcolorforthesymbolandclickOK.

Q10. Whatwasthescale(totherightoftheAddDatabutton)whentheybecamevisible?10. Zoombackouttofullextent.11. Right-clickwaterbodiesintheTOCandchooseProperties.IntheLayerPropertiesdialog

box,clicktheDisplaytab,thenchecktheboxnexttoShowMapTips.ClickOK.12. Moveyourpointeroveralakeontheassociatedmap13. NowthatyouhaveaddedMapTips,usetheFindtoolagainandFindNorthPenobscotin

thePenobscot_Townslayer.Onceithasbeenfound,right-clickonthename.ThistimechooseFlashfeature.

TIP: If the Show Map Tips text is dimmed in the Display Properties menu, then no spatial index exists for the data layer. Spatial indices must be created in ArcCatalog before Map Tips can be used.

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Q9.Whatdoyouobserve?14. Closethedialogbox.ScaleRangeScaleRangeisalayerpropertythatallowsadditionalcontrolofdisplayingfeatures.YouhavealreadyusedScaleRangetodetermineatwhatscalealabelwillbevisible.Youcanalsospecifyarangeofmapscalesatwhichthemaplayerisdrawn,toavoidclutteringthemapwithtoomuchinformation.TryitwiththeStreetsLayer.1. ReturntoFullExtentifnecessary.2. Right-clickontheStreetslayername(besurethatitischecked)andchoosePropertiesfrom

themenu.3. ClicktheGeneraltabifitisnotalreadydisplayed.4. Fillthebuttonnextto“Don’tshowlayerwhenzoomed:”andenterthevalue120000inthe

boxfor“outbeyond”.ClickOK.5. Noticethatthestreetshavedisappearedfromthemapandthecheckboxnexttothelayer

hasdimmed.6. UsetheBookmarktozoomintoBangorandthestreetsshouldreappear.Ifnot,usethe

Zoomtooltozoominuntiltheydoappear.7. Returntofullextent.

Settingdataframeproperties1. Right-clickonLayersandchoosePropertiestobringuptheDataFramePropertiesdialog

box.2. ClickontheGeneraltabtochangethedisplayunits.Themapunitsareindecimaldegrees,

sochangethedisplayunitstomiles.3. Also,changetheLayernametoPenobscotCounty.4. ClickOK.5. UsetheMeasuretooltofindthelengthofPenobscotCounty6. IntheMeasuredialogbox:

a. ClickontheLinebutton(1stbutton)andselect Distanceb. ClickontheChooseUnitsbutton(4thbutton)and selectDistance->Miles

Q11.Whatisthelength(northtosouth)ofPenobscotCountyinmiles(roundtothenearest wholemile?

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7. Double-clicktostopmeasuring.

CreatingaLayout1. ZoomintoBangoragain.2. FromtheViewmenuselectLayoutView.Changethesizeandplacementofthemapasyou

wish,byselectingitanddraggingthehandles.3. Besurethatyourmapisselected.FromtheInsertmenuselectNeatlineandPlacearound

selectedelements4. AgainfromtheInsertmenu

a. AddaLegend.DonotincludeBlocks_2000intheLegend,anddisplayyourLegendin2columns.

b. AddaScalebarandNorthArrowandanappropriateTitle.c. Addyournameandthedate.d. FromtheFilemenu,chooseExportMap.Exportyourmapasajpegandpasteitinto

yourReportSheet.Yourlayoutshouldbesimilartothefollowing.

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